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Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿal-ʿAbbās or Muḥammad al-Imām (679/80 - 743) was the father of the two first 'Abbâsid caliphs, Al-Saffah and Al-Mansur, and as such was the progenitor of the Abbasid dynasty.

He was the son of Ali ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Abbas and great-grandson of al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib, the uncle of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad.

Revolt of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi

When al-Mukhtar announced the revenge of Imam al-Husayn, he showed himself as the representative of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, the Promised Mehdi according to him.

Imam of the Hashimiyya

After the death of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, the imamate of the Kaysanite Shia transferred to his son Abu Hashim, who transferred it to Muhammad, paving the way for the Abbasid dawa and the Abbasid Revolution.

Family tree

Notes

1. Arabic: محمد بن علي بن عبد الله

References

1. Khallikân (Ibn), II, 593, quotes Al-Tabari, "Tarikh".
2. Hitti, "History of the Arabs", p.289.
3. Khallikan (Ibn), "Wafayât al A'yân wa-Anbâ' Abnâ' al-Zamân", II, 592-4.
4. Nadim (al-), ed, Dodge, B., "Al-Fihrist," pp. 222, 378, 1051.
5. The Abbasid Revolution

Sources

• Hawting, Gerald R. (2000). The First Dynasty of Islam: The Umayyad Caliphate AD 661–750 (Second ed.). London and New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-24072-7.
• Kennedy, H. (1993). "Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 396. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_5342. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.
• Moscati, S. (1960). "Abū Muslim". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 141. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_0235. OCLC 495469456.
• Sharon, Moshe (1983). Black Banners from the East. The Establishment of the ʿAbbāsid State – Incubation of a Revolt. Jerusalem: The Magnes Press. ISBN 965-223-501-6.
• Sharon, Moshe (1990). Black Banners from the East, Volume II. Revolt: The Social and Military Aspects of the ʿAbbāsid Revolution. Jerusalem: Graph Press Ltd. ISBN 965-223-388-9.

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