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Monoamine neurotoxin

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Compounds that damage or destroy monoaminergic neurons

Oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine), a selective dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotoxin.

A monoamine neurotoxin, or monoaminergic neurotoxin, is a drug that selectively damages or destroys monoaminergic neurons. Monoaminergic neurons are neurons that signal via stimulation by monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

Examples of monoamine neurotoxins include the serotonergic neurotoxins para-chloroamphetamine (PCA), methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT); the dopaminergic neurotoxins oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine), MPTP, and methamphetamine; and the noradrenergic neurotoxins oxidopamine and DSP-4.

In the case of serotonergic neurotoxins like MDMA, research suggests that simultaneous induction of serotonin and dopamine release, serotonin depletion, dopamine uptake and metabolism, hyperthermia, oxidative stress and antioxidant depletion, and/or drug metabolites may all be involved in the neurotoxicity. On the other hand, there is evidence that drug metabolites may not be involved.

Dopaminergic neurotoxins can induce a Parkinson's disease-like condition in animals and humans. Serotonergic neurotoxins have been associated with cognitive and memory deficits and psychiatric changes.

List of monoamine neurotoxins

Serotonergic neurotoxins

Phenethylamines

Tryptamines

2-Aminoindans

MPTP-related

Dopaminergic neurotoxins

Phenethylamines

Dopamine and metabolites

Tryptamines

MPTP-related

Pesticides

Others

Noradrenergic neurotoxins

Phenethylamines and related

Tryptamines and related

MPTP-related

Unsorted or unknown

See also

References

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Monoaminergic neurotoxins
Dopaminergic
Noradrenergic
Serotonergic
Unsorted
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Adrenergics • Dopaminergics • Melatonergics • Serotonergics • Monoamine reuptake inhibitors • Monoamine releasing agents • Monoamine metabolism modulators
Category: