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This is a list of notable Muslim theologians.
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.Traditional theologians and philosophers
Ash'aris and Maturidis
Main articles: Ash'ari and Maturidi- Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari
- Abu Mansur al-Maturidi
- Abu al-Yusr al-Bazdawi
- Abu al-Mu'in al-Nasafi
- Ibn Hibban
- Ibn Furak
- Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
- Abu Ishaq al-Isfara'ini
- Abu al-Walid al-Baji
- Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
- Adud al-Din al-Iji
- 'Ala al-Din al-Baji
- Al-Bayhaqi
- Al-Baqillani
- Al-Qushayri
- Al-Shahrastani
- Al-Juwayni
- Ahmad al-Rifa'i
- Al-Ghazali
- Al-Baydawi
- Al-Maziri
- Ali Qushji
- Ali al-Qari
- Al-Sharif al-Jurjani
- Diya' al-Din al-Makki
- Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
- Sayf al-Din al-Amidi
- Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
- Taqi al-Din al-Subki
- Ibrahim al-Desuqi
- Taj al-Din al-Subki
- Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
- Zakariyya al-Ansari
- Ibn Aqil
- Ibn al-Jawzi
- Ibn Khaldun
- Ibn Tumart
- Ibn Arafa
- Ibn Ashir
- 'Illish
- Ibn Abi Zayd
- Qadi Ayyad
- Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
- Shams al-Din al-Samarqandi
- Najm al-Din 'Umar al-Nasafi
- Sa'd al-Din al-Taftazani
- Najm al-Din al-Qazwini al-Katibi
- Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
- Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati
- Abu Ali al-Hassan al-Yusi
- Abdel Qadir al-Jilani
- Abd al-Rahman al-Thaalbi
- Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi
- Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi
- Al-Maqqari al-Tilmisani
- Al-Sha'rani
- Al-Bahūtī
- Al-Maydani
- Ad-Desouki
- Ahmad Sirhindi
- Ahmad al-Dardir
- Ibrahim al-Bajuri
- Abdullah ibn Alawi al-Haddad
- Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
- Ahmad Rida Khan
- Rahmatullah Kairanawi
- Muhammad Zahid al-Kawthari
- Muhammad Mayyara
- Murtada al-Zabidi
- Muhammad Abu Zahra
- Yusuf al-Nabhani
- Muhammad Metwally al-Sha'rawy
- Ahmed Deedat
- Abdullah al-Harari
- Muhammad Said Ramadan al-Bouti
- Muhammad Alawi al-Maliki
- Noah Qudah
- Ali Gomaa
Mu'tazilis
Main article: MuʿtazilaOthers
- Abu Muslim
- Al-Dinawari
- Al-Farabi
- Sayyid Ali Hamadani
- Al-Kindi
- Ibn Hazm
- Ibn Sina
- Ibn Taymiya
- Ibn al-Qayyim
See also early Muslim philosophy, Islamic philosophy
Early Sunni theologians and philosophers
- Abu Hanifa
- Al-Shafi‘i
- Malik ibn Anas
- Ahmad ibn Hanbal
- Dawud al-Zahiri
- Tahawi
- Junayd of Baghdad
- Harith al-Muhasibi
Imams of hadith
Medieval theologians and philosophers
- Al-Biruni
- Al-Battani (Albatenius)
- Al-Buzjani
- Al-Farabi (Alpharabius)
- Al-Farghani
- Al-Ghazali (Algazel)
- Al-Idrisi
- Al-Zarnuji
- Al-Khwarizmi (Algoritmi)
- Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
- Al-Masu'di
- Al-Mawardi
- Ahmad Yasawi
- Ibn al-Baitar
- Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)
- Ibn al-Nafis
- Ibn Khaldun
- Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
- Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
- Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi
- Kemalpaşazade
- Molla Fenari
- Omar Khayyám
- Sayyid Ali Hamadani
- Moinuddin Hadi Naqshband(Preacher and traveller)
Modern theologians
- Sa'id Foudah
- A F M Khalid Hossain
- Abdul Baqi Miftah
- Abdolkarim Soroush
- Abdur Rahman Bangladeshi
- Abdul Halim Bukhari
- Abdul Matin Chowdhury
- Abdul Qadeer Khan
- Ahmed Rida Khan
- Allama Khalid Mahmood
- Ashraf Ali Thanwi
- Akhtar Raza Khan
- Ali Shariati
- Alija Izetbegović
- Anwar Shah Kashmiri
- Bilal Philips
- Ebrahim Desai
- Fazlur Rahman
- Hussain Ahmed Madani
- Idries Shah
- Inayat Khan
- Ismail Al-Faruqi
- Israr Ahmed
- Junaid Babunagari
- Khaled Abou Al-Fadl
- Leila Ahmed
- Mahmudul Hasan
- Mamunul Haque
- Mahmud Hasan Deobandi
- Mawlana Muhammad Ilyas
- Muhammad Abdul Wahhab
- Mohammed Amine Smaili
- Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib
- Muhammad Ilyas al-Kandhlawi
- Muhammad Rafi Usmani
- Muhammad Shafi Deobandi
- Muhammad Taqi Usmani
- Muhammad Zakariyya al-Kandhlawi
- Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri
- Muzaffer Ozak
- Nurul Islam Olipuri
- Nasiruddin Albani
- Necmettin Erbakan (Millî Görüş)
- Nur Hossain Kasemi
- Nur Uddin Gohorpuri
- Shah Ahmad Shafi
- Shabbir Ahmad Usmani
- Said Nursi
- Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi
- Shams-ul-haq Azeemabadi
- Sherman Jackson
- Seyyed Hossein Nasr
- Siraj Wahaj
- Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
- Syed Nazeer Husain
- Tariq Jameel
- Yusuf Motala
- Ziauddin Sardar
See also modern Islamic philosophy, Islamization of knowledge
Shi'a imams
Athnā‘ashariyyah-The Twelve Imams
- Ali ibn Abi Talib
- Hasan ibn Ali
- Husayn ibn Ali
- Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin
- Muhammad al-Baqir
- Jafar Sadiq
- Musa al-Kazim
- Ali al-Rida (Ali Raza)
- Muhammad al-Taqi
- Ali al-Hadi (Ali Naqi)
- Hasan al-Askari
- Muhammad al-Mahdi
Zaidiyyah imams
Isma'ili imams
- Ali ibn Abu Talib (Nizari Isma'ili and Qarmatian-Sevener only; Asās/Wāsīh in Musta'li Isma'ili)
- Hasan ibn Ali (Qarmatian-Sevener and Musta'li Isma'ili only; Pir in Nizari)
- Husayn ibn Ali
- Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin
- Muhammad al-Baqir
- Jafar Sadiq
- Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar
- Maymūn Al-Qaddāḥ (Musta'li and Nizari Isma'ili only)
Others
- Al-Shaykh Al-Mufid
- Sharif al-Murtaza
- Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
- Al-Hilli
- Zurarah ibn A'yan
- Hisham ibn Hakam
- Agha Zia Addin Araghi
- Ja'far Sobhani
Historiographers, political scientists, and sociologists
- Al-Masudi
- Ibn al-Tiqtaqa
- Ibn Hisham
- Ibn Ishaq
- Ibn Kathir
- Ibn Khaldoun
- Ibn Khallikan
- Mahdi ElMandjra
- Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
- Sayyid Qutb
- Tabari
- Usamah ibn Munqidh
See also
- Kalam
- Aqidah
- List of people by belief
- List of Ash'aris and Maturidis
- List of Muslims
- Western Muslim scholars