Nader Shah's Sindh expedition

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Part of Nader Shah's invasion of the Mughal Empire & Nader's Campaigns

Nader's expedition took him from the freezing heights of the Hindu Kush to the scorching heat of the Sindh valley over some of the most rugged terrain in Asia which was also host to a myriad of fortresses & strongholds.

Date	Early July 1739 – Late February 1740
Location	Hindu Kush & Sindh
Result	Afsharid victory
Territorial changes	The Persian Empire subjugates Sindh and solidifies its hold on the rest of the newly annexed lands from the Mughal Empire.

Belligerents

Persian Empire

Kalhora Dynasty

Commanders and leaders

Nader Shah

Mian Sarfraz Kalhoro (Khudayar Khan) (POW)

Strength

Unknown

v t e Naderian Wars
Fall of the Safavids [fa] Battle of Gulnabad Siege of Isfahan Khorasan Campaign Sangan Sabzevar Afghan Campaigns 1st Afghan Campaign Kafer Qal'eh Herat 1729 2nd Afghan Campaign Qandahar Safavid restoration Damghan Khwar pass Murche-Khort Isfahan Zarghan First Ottoman War West Persian Campaign Nahavand Malayer Tahmasp's Campaign Yerevan Mesopotamian Campaign Siege of Baghdad Samarra Kirkuk Caucasus Campaign Ganja Siege of Iravan Yeghevārd Indian Campaign Khyber Pass Battle of Karnal Sack of Delhi Sindh Expedition Battle of Chenab (1739) Central Asian Campaign Dagestan Campaign Battle of Andalal Persian Gulf Campaign Second Ottoman War Siege of Mosul Siege of Kars Battle of Kars Rebellions & Civil War Rebellion of Sheikh Ahmad Madani Bakhtiyari Rebellions Rebellion of 1733 Kartli Revolt of 1736 Derajat Rebellion Balkh Revolt of 1741 Kish mutiny Revolt of Sam Mirza Khoy Revolt of 1743-46 Kartli Revolt Fars Rebellion of 1744 Qajar revolt of 1744 Kerman Revolt of 1746 Sistan Uprising of 1746 Muscat Uprising of 1746-47 Garmsirat Revolts of 1746-47 Zafaranlu Uprising of 1747

Naderian Wars

Fall of the Safavids [fa]

Khorasan Campaign

Afghan Campaigns

Safavid restoration

First Ottoman War

Indian Campaign

Central Asian Campaign

Dagestan Campaign

Battle of Andalal

Persian Gulf Campaign

Second Ottoman War

Rebellions & Civil War

The Sindh expedition was one of Nader Shah's last campaigns during his war in northern India. After his victory over Muhammad Shah, the Mughal emperor, Nader had compelled him to cede all the lands to the west of the Indus River. His return to this region from Delhi was honoured by all the governors of the newly annexed territories save for Khudayar Khan, ruler of Sindh, who was conspicuously absent despite being given a summons like the rest of the governors.

Nader's descent onto Sindh

Nader set out across the Hindu Kush mountains on a 1,700 kilometre journey which came to a close within 2 months. The astonished Khodayar-khan was caught completely off balance and could not gather forces to resist, given the unexpected emergence of the Imperial army as well as the rapidity of its advance into his lands. Completely dismayed and demoralised he surrendered himself to Nader, whence he was chained and all his personal wealth including his treasury confiscated. After the intercedence of a sympathetic governor, Nader reinstated Khodayar-khan as the ruler of Sindh.

References

Axworthy, Michael (2009). The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from tribal warrior to conquering tyrant,p. 278. I. B. Tauris
Axworthy, Michael (2009). The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from tribal warrior to conquering tyrant,p. 278. I. B. Tauris

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