Neopolynoe chondrocladiae | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Annelida |
Clade: | Pleistoannelida |
Subclass: | Errantia |
Order: | Phyllodocida |
Family: | Polynoidae |
Genus: | Neopolynoe |
Species: | N. chondrocladiae |
Binomial name | |
Neopolynoe chondrocladiae (Fauvel, 1943) |
Neopolynoe chondrocladiae is a scale worm known from the north-east Atlantic Ocean at depths of about 700 to 2500 m.
Description
Neopolynoe chondrocladiae can have up to around 94 segments with 15 pairs of elytra that bear a marginal fringe of papillae. The lateral antennae are inserted ventrally to prostomium, directly beneath the median antenna. The notochaetae are distinctly thicker than the neurochaetae and possess only simple tips.
Biology
Neopolynoe chondrocladiae has an obligate symbiotic relationship with the sponges Chondrocladia robertballardi and Chondrocladia virgata. The nature of the symbiotic relationship has been debated, but a 2021 study using a multidisciplinary approach suggested that the relationship is mutualistic, proposing that Neopolynoe chondrocladiae may use bioluminescence as a lure for prey which is consumed by both the worm and its sponge hosts.
References
- Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2020). World Polychaeta database. Neopolynoe chondrocladiae (Fauvel, 1943). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1393295
- Fauvel, Pierre. (1943). Deux polychètes nouvelles. Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. (Série 2) 15(4): 200-202, in-text figure 1., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52906546
- Kirkegaard JB (2001) Deep-sea polychaetes from north-west Africa, including a description of a new species of Neopolynoe (Polynoidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81: 391–397. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315401004003.
- ^ Taboada S, Silva AS, Neal L, Cristobo J, Ríos P, Alvarez-Campos P, Hestetun JT, Koutsouveli V, Sherlock E, Riesgo A (2019) Insights into the symbiotic relationship between scale worms and carnivorous sponges (Cladorhizidae, Chondrocladia). Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers: 103191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2019.103191
- ^ Taboada, Sergi; Serra Silva, Ana; Díez-Vives, Cristina; Neal, Lenka; Cristobo, Javier; Ríos, Pilar; Hestetun, Jon Thomassen; Clark, Brett; Rossi, Maria Eleonora; Junoy, Juan; Navarro, Joan; Riesgo, Ana (2021). "Sleeping with the enemy: unravelling the symbiotic relationships between the scale worm Neopolynoe chondrocladiae (Annelida: Polynoidae) and its carnivorous sponge hosts". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 193 (1): 295–318. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa146. hdl:10261/253142.
Taxon identifiers | |
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Neopolynoe chondrocladiae |