North Caucasus Krai (Russian: Се́веро-Кавка́зский край, Severo-Kavkazskiy kray) was an administrative division (krai) within the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union. It was established on 17 October 1924. Its administrative center was Rostov-on-Don until 10 January 1934, Pyatigorsk until January 1936, then Ordzhonikidze (today Vladikavkaz) and, from 15 December 1936, Voroshilovsk (today Stavropol).
As of 1932, the population of the krai was estimated at 10,290,000 in an area of 351,800 km. 45.9% of the overall population was Russian, and 37.2% of the overall population was Ukrainian.
Widespread death by starvation occurred in the krai during the Soviet famine of 1932–33.
As of the 1937 All-Union Census, the krai had a population of 1,635,277 in a smaller area.
After undergoing numerous administrative changes, including the loss of the majority of its territory to the new Azov-Black Sea Krai on 10 January 1934, it was renamed Ordzhonikidze Krai (Орджоникидзевский край), after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, on 13 March 1937, and Stavropol Krai on 12 January 1943.
Since 19 January 2010, the region has been divided between the North Caucasian Federal District and the Southern Federal District.
Demographics
Nationalities
- Nationalities of the krai according to the Soviet census of 1926. Note that the Dagestan ASSR was not part of the krai in 1926.
| Nationality | Number | percentage (%) | males | females |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Russians | 3,841,063 | 46.2 | 1,811,824 | 2,029,239 |
| Ukrainians | 3,106,852 | 37.4 | 1,489,237 | 1,617,615 |
| Chechens | 296,282 | 3.56 | 151,934 | 144,348 |
| Armenians | 162,186 | 1.95 | 83,270 | 78,916 |
| Ossetians | 155,400 | 1.87 | 77,611 | 77,789 |
| Kabardians | 139,689 | 1.68 | 70,874 | 68,815 |
| Germans | 93,915 | 1.13 | 45,567 | 48,348 |
| Ingush | 72,043 | 0.88 | 36,091 | 35,952 |
| Circassians | 64,031 | 0.77 | 32,925 | 31,106 |
| Karachays | 55,068 | 0.66 | 27,717 | 27,351 |
| Belarusians | 51,317 | 0.62 | 32,925 | 31,106 |
| Jews | 42,476 | 0.51 | 20,486 | 21,990 |
| Balkars | 33,280 | 0.40 | 17,120 | 16,160 |
| Greeks | 32,178 | 0.38 | 16,039 | 16,139 |
| Tatars | 19,053 | 0.23 | 10,766 | 8,287 |
| Poles | 18,425 | 0.22 | 9,186 | 9,239 |
| Georgians | 15,011 | 0.18 | 8,621 | 6,390 |
| Abazins | 13,813 | 0.16 | 7,125 | 6,688 |
| Kalmyks | 11,712 | 0.14 | 6,003 | 5,709 |
| Moldovans | 9,546 | 0.11 | 4,828 | 4,718 |
| Others | 74,594 | 0.90 | 41,375 | 33,219 |
| Total Soviet Union citizens | 8,307,934 | 100.0 | 3,994,947 | 4,312,987 |
| Aliens | 55,557 | (0.66) | 31,599 | 23,958 |
- ^ Kabardians and Circassians counted separately
- Mountain, Crimean, and Georgian Jews counted separately from other Jews
- including Adjarians, Mingrelians, and Svans
- 562 Romanians were counted separately
See also
References
- USSR Population Distribution (1937)
- "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей".
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