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Onion yellow dwarf virus

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Species of virus
Onion yellow dwarf virus
Symptoms of onion yellow dwarf virus in onions (Allium cepa L.)
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Stelpaviricetes
Order: Patatavirales
Family: Potyviridae
Genus: Potyvirus
Species: Onion yellow dwarf virus

Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) is a plant virus in the genus Potyvirus that has been identified worldwide and mainly infects species of Allium such as onion, garlic, and leek. The virus causes mild to severe leaf malformation, and bulb reduction up to sixty percent has been observed in garlic.

Genome

The full genome of OYDV is around 10,538 nucleotides long and encodes a polyprotein of 3,403 amino acids. Its P3 gene is longer than those of other known Potyviruses.

OYDV is the first potyvirus found which has natural deletion mutants lacking the N-terminal region of helper-component proteinase (HC-Pro). The mutant isolates are common. Garlic plants grown commercially are generally co-infected with both the normal and attenuated isolates. RNA silencing suppressor activities in isolates, which lack the long stretch of the N-terminal amino acids (~ 100 residues) in their HC-Pro gene, are observed to be low.

Transmission

Isolates with complete HC-Pro sequences were non-persistently transmitted by aphids on their own, while the isolates with short HC-Pros (OYDV-S) were only aphid transmissible when they were co-infected with leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), another potyvirus that mostly infects Allium spp. LYSV HC-Pro was assumed to interlink both LYSV and OYDV-S with the aphid stylet. OYDV is not transmitted by dodder.

References

  1. Ward, L. I.; Perez-Egusquiza, Z.; Fletcher, J. D.; Clover, G. R. G. (2009). "A survey of viral diseases of Allium crops in New Zealand". Australasian Plant Pathology. 38 (5): 533. Bibcode:2009AuPP...38..533W. doi:10.1071/AP09039. S2CID 39328059.
  2. PARRANO, Leonardo; AFUNIAN, Mohammad; PAGLIACCIA, Deborah; DOUHAN, Greg; VIDALAKIS, Georgios (2012). "Characterization of viruses associated with garlic plants propagated from different reproductive tissues from Italy and other geographic regions". Phytopathologia Mediterranea. 51 (3): 549–565. ISSN 0031-9465. JSTOR 43872342.
  3. Abraham, A. D.; Kidanemariam, D. B.; Holton, T. A. (15 May 2019). "Molecular identification, incidence and phylogenetic analysis of seven viruses infecting garlic in Ethiopia". European Journal of Plant Pathology. 155 (1): 181–191. Bibcode:2019EJPP..155..181A. doi:10.1007/s10658-019-01760-9. PMC 7680954. PMID 33304030.
  4. Santosa, Adyatma Irawan; Ertunc, Filiz (19 June 2020). "Identification, molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of four viruses infecting Allium cepa in Ankara Province, Turkey". Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection. 127 (4): 561–569. doi:10.1007/s41348-020-00347-5. S2CID 225488130.
  5. Lot, Harve; Chovelon, Véronique; Souche, Sylvie; Delecolle, Brigitte (2007). "Effects of Onion Yellow Dwarf and Leek Yellow Stripe Viruses on Symptomatology and Yield Loss of Three French Garlic Cultivars". Plant Disease. 82 (12): 1381–1385. doi:10.1094/PDIS.1998.82.12.1381. ISSN 0191-2917. PMID 30845474.
  6. Chen, J.; Adams, M. J.; Zheng, H.-Y.; Chen, J.-P. (2003-05-01). "Sequence analysis demonstrates that Onion yellow dwarf virus isolates from China contain a P3 region much larger than other potyviruses". Archives of Virology. 148 (6): 1165–1173. doi:10.1007/s00705-003-0020-1. ISSN 0304-8608. PMID 12756621. S2CID 10079689.
  7. Takaki, F.; Sano, T.; Yamashita, K. (3 July 2006). "The complete nucleotide sequence of attenuated onion yellow dwarf virus: a natural potyvirus deletion mutant lacking the N-terminal 92 amino acids of HC-Pro". Archives of Virology. 151 (7): 1439–1445. doi:10.1007/s00705-005-0716-5. PMID 16463124. S2CID 35484265.
  8. Kim, Hangil; Aoki, Nana; Takahashi, Haruna; Yoshida, Naoto; Shimura, Hanako; Masuta, Chikara (14 May 2020). "Reduced RNA silencing suppressor activity of onion yellow dwarf virus HC-Pro with N-terminal deletion may be complemented in mixed infection with another potyvirus in garlic". Journal of General Plant Pathology. 86 (4): 300–309. Bibcode:2020JGPP...86..300K. doi:10.1007/s10327-020-00926-2. S2CID 218624707.
  9. Jayasinghe, Wikum H.; Kim, Hangil; Sasaki, June; Masuta, Chikara (7 March 2021). "Aphid transmissibility of onion yellow dwarf virus isolates with an N-terminal truncated HC-Pro is aided by leek yellow stripe virus". Journal of General Plant Pathology. 87 (3): 178–183. Bibcode:2021JGPP...87..178J. doi:10.1007/s10327-021-00986-y. S2CID 233782267.
  10. Bos, L. (1983). "Viruses and Virus Diseases of Allium Species". Acta Horticulturae (127): 11–30. doi:10.17660/ActaHortic.1983.127.1.
Taxon identifiers
Onion yellow dwarf virus


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