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Microwatt is an open source soft processor core originally written in VHDL by Anton Blanchard at IBM, announced at the OpenPOWER Summit NA 2019 and published on GitHub in August 2019. It adheres to the Power ISA 3.0 instruction set and can be run on FPGA boards, booting Linux, MicroPython and Zephyr.

Design

Microwatt is a tiny 64-bit bi-endian scalar integer processor core, implementing a subset of the Power ISA 3.0 instruction set. It has 32× 64-bit general purpose registers and 32x 64-bit floating-point registers. It uses Wishbone for the memory interface.

The initial development was done in a couple of months, included the entire integer processing functionality of the instruction set; the bare minimum to make it compliant, with no memory management unit (MMU) and no floating-point unit.

Later additions to the implementation includes JTAG debugger interface, divider instructions, 16 KB instruction and 32 KB data caches, a non-hypervisor-capable MMU, pipelining and floating-point support.

It's designed using VHDL 2008 and the GHDL simulation environment.

Chiselwatt

A sibling project called Chiselwatt is another open processor core implementing the Power ISA 3.0 instruction set, written in the Scala-based Chisel instead of VHDL.

Implementations

• Microwatt itself
• Libre-SOC – A libre system on a chip under development that uses Microwatt as a reference design.
• Kestrel – A soft BMC in Raptor Engineering POWER9 based workstations.

History

It is the first processor written from scratch using the open Power ISA 3.0, and is released by the OpenPOWER Foundation as a reference design.

The project started as a demo, proof of concept and a reference implementation for the release of the opensource initiative regarding Power ISA 3.0. The goal for Blanchard was to see if he could make it, and as a software developer, taking on a very low level hardware project was a challenge.

Microwatt is set to be fabricated in 130 nm by Efabless "Open MPW Shuttle Program" in 2021. As of February 2024, there has been no update on the progress of fabrication on Efabless's Microwatt project page.

See also

• OpenPOWER Foundation
• IBM Power microprocessors

References

1. Williams, Chris (2019-08-29). "Get your royalty-free soft-core OpenPOWER processor core blueprints here. Extra, extra – read all about it". The Register.
2. ^ OpenPOWER Summit NA 2019: Day 2 Keynote Demonstration: Anton Blanchard, IBM & Joe DeLaere, Xilinx
3. ^ "POWER OpenISA and Microwatt introduction" - Anton Blanchard (LCA 2020)
4. ^ "Microwatt Microarchitecture" - Paul Mackerras (LCA 2020)
5. Microwatt and the POWER ISA support in Renode
6. Linux on Microwatt
7. OpenPOWER opens further
8. Day 2 keynote and OpenPOWER blows the doors off: Royalty-free, open soft-core (RISC-V sweating gallons)
9. Microwatt Floats
10. Chiselwatt's page on Github
11. Final Draft of the Power ISA EULA Released
12. Libre-SOC
13. "Raptor Announces Kestrel Open-Source, Open HDL/Firmware Soft BMC".
14. Kestrel SoftBMC Project
15. Big Blue open sources POWER chip instruction set
16. "Open MPW metadata for Microwatt". Archived from the original on 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2021-03-30.
17. "Efabless". Efabless. Retrieved 2024-02-16.

External links

• microwatt on GitHub

• Open microprocessors
• OpenPower IP cores
• Soft microprocessors
• IBM microprocessors
• Power microprocessors