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Ophrypetalum

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(Redirected from Ophrypetalum odoratum) Genus of plant in the family Annonaceae

Ophrypetalum
Conservation status

Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Ophrypetalum
Diels
Species: O. odoratum
Binomial name
Ophrypetalum odoratum
Diels

Ophrypetalum is a genus of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Kenya and Tanzania. It contains a single species, Ophrypetalum odoratum. Ludwig Diels, the German botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the perfumed odor (odōrātus, in Latin) of its flowers. Bioactive molecules isolated from its roots and leaves have been reported to have antifungal activity in tests with Candida albicans.

Description

It is a bush reaching 4 to 5 meters in height. Its branches have lenticels. Its leaves are 2–12 by 1.2-5.5 centimeters and come to a shallow point at their tips. The leaves are green on their upper surface and dull, pale green on their lower surfaces. Its petioles are 5 millimeters long. Each flower is on a hairy pedicel 0.2-2.2 centimeters long. Its flowers have 3 oval-shaped sepals that are 6–9 by 6-9 millimeters. The sepals are smooth on both surfaces and concave . Its 6 petals are arranged in two rows of 3. The outer petals are yellow or brown, with a 3.5-5.5 millimeter long claw at their base and a 3.5-5.5 by 8-10 millimeter blade. The outer petals have delicate hairs on their outer surface and are smooth inside. The inner petals are similarly colored, have a 4–6 by 2.5-3 millimeter claw at their base, and a 4 by 8.5 millimeter blade. The inner petals are very lightly hairy on their outer surface and smooth inside with the exception of a distinctive ridge of brown fleshy bristles at their base. It has numerous stamens that are 0.6-0.8 millimeters long. Its fruit are 5–6.8 by 1.8-2.2 centimeters and have 3 longitudinal ribs. Its seeds are 2.5 by 1.4 centimeters with testa that form wings on either side.

Pollen is shed as permanent tetrads.

References

  1. Cosiaux, A.; Couvreur, T.L.P.; Erkens, R.H.J. (2019). "Ophrypetalum odoratum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T62588A133041921. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T62588A133041921.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. "Ophrypetalum odoratum Diels". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
  3. Stearn, William (2004). Botanical Latin. Portland, Ore. Newton Abbot: Timber Press David & Charles. ISBN 9780881926279.
  4. Malebo, Hamisi M.; Kihampa, Charles; Mgina, Clarence A.; Sung’hwa, Fortunatus; Waibel, Reiner; Jonker, Stephan A.; Nkunya, Mayunga H. H. (2014). "Antifungal Enantiomeric Styrylpyrones from Sanrafaelia ruffonammari and Ophrypetalum odoratum". Natural Products and Bioprospecting. 4 (2): 129–133. doi:10.1007/s13659-014-0014-6. ISSN 2192-2195. PMC 4004844. PMID 24859289.
  5. Mildbraed, J. (1936). "Neue und seltene Arten aus Ostafrika (Tanganyika-Territ. Mandat) leg. H. J. Schlieben, XI" [New and rare species from East Africa (Tanganyika Territ. Mandate) leg. H. J. Schlieben, XI]. Notizblatt des Königlichen botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin (in Latin and German). 13 (117): 260–303. doi:10.2307/3994972. JSTOR 3994972.
  6. Verdcourt, B. (1971). "OPHRYPETALUM Diels [family ANNONACEAE]". Global Plants. ITHAKA. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
  7. Walker, James W. (1976). "Evolutionary Significance of the Exine in the Pollen of Primative Angiosperms". In Ferguson, I.K.; Muller, J. (eds.). The Evolutionary Significance of the Exine. published for the Linnean Society of London by Academic Press. pp. 251–290. ISBN 0122536509.
Taxon identifiers
Ophrypetalum
Ophrypetalum odoratum
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