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Parapholis strigosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Pooideae
Genus:	Parapholis
Species:	P. strigosa
Binomial name
Parapholis strigosa (Dumort.) C.E.Hubb.

Parapholis strigosa, commonly known as slender barb grass, sea hard grass, and hard grass, is a species of grass. It is native to Europe and Libya and is an introduced species to parts of the Americas and Oceania.

Taxonomy

Prior to 1946, the species was classified as Lepturus strigosus.

Distribution and habitat

Native

It is a native species to the British Isles. The species is recurrent along the coasts of the archipelago and grows on salt-affected earth along salt marshes, creeks, uneven land, and empty land.

P. strigosa is also found on the northern and western coasts of Metropolitan France. It resides in the Karavasta Lagoon of Albania. In Greece, it is only found on the Ionian Islands. It is also native to the Netherlands, Sweden, Italy, Denmark, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Croatia, and Monaco.

Outside of Europe it is a native species to Libya.

Non-native

It is a non-native species to California, residing in the North Coast region, notably in Humboldt Bay. P. strigosa is present on the west coast of North America to British Columbia and is found in central and southern Chile. In Oceania, it resides in southern parts of Australia and was introduced to New Zealand in 1944.

References

1. ^ Australia, Atlas of Living. "Species: Parapholis strigosa (Slender Barb Grass)". bie.ala.org.au. Retrieved 2024-07-25.
2. ^ Stace, Clive (2010-04-01). New Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press. p. 1015. ISBN 978-1-139-48649-1.
3. ^ Cuccuini, Piero; Fiorini, Graziana (2020-01-01). "First contribution to the taxonomic and cytotaxonomic study of Parapholis and Hainardia (Poaceae) in Albania. | Flora Mediterranea | EBSCOhost". doi:10.7320/FlMedit30.005. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
4. ^ "Parapholis strigosa (Dumort.) C.E.Hubb. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2024-07-19.
5. "Distribution maps – Botanical Society of Britain & Ireland". Retrieved 2024-07-30.
6. "Hard-grass (English)".
7. "Parapholis strigosa (Dumort.) C.E. Hubb. | Flora of Greece – An annotated checklist". portal.cybertaxonomy.org. Retrieved 2024-08-10.
8. "Parapholis strigosa | Euro+Med-Plantbase". www.europlusmed.org. Retrieved 2024-08-17.
9. ^ "Parapholis strigosa". ucjeps.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-07-20.
10. "Parapholis strigosa". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 2024-07-22.

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• Pooideae