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Jaisalmer Fort Jain temples
Parshvanath temple
Religion
Affiliation	Jainism
Sect	Śvētāmbara
Deity	Parshvanatha, Chandraprabha, Rishabhanatha, Sambhavanatha, Shitalanatha, Shantinath and Kunthunatha
Festivals	Mahavir Jayanti
Location
Location	Jaisalmer, Rajasthan
Geographic coordinates	26°54′44″N 70°54′44″E / 26.91222°N 70.91222°E / 26.91222; 70.91222
Architecture
Date established	12th century CE
Completed	16th century CE
Temple(s)	7
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official name: Hill Forts of Rajasthan
Criteria	Cultural: (ii)(iii)
Designated	2013 (session)
Reference no.	247rev

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Jaisalmer Fort Jain temples is a group of seven Śvetāmbara Jain temples inside Jaisalmer Fort in state of Rajasthan. The Jaisalmer Fort is UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of Hill Forts of Rajasthan and is famous for its ancient Jain temples. The temples are well known for their intricate carvings and attract many tourists and religious devotees.

History

Jaisalmer Fort has a complex of seven Jain temples built by yellow sandstone during 12-16th century. Chandraprabha temple was built in 1509 CE. Askaran Chopra of merta built a huge temple dedicated to Sambhavanatha housing more than 600 idols and Gyan Bhandar (grand library) with oldest hand written books scripted on Bhojpatra and Tadputra. There are about 1,000 old manuscripts written on palm leaf with painted wooden covers. These manuscripts dates back to 12th century. The library also contains paintings, astrological charts, and a copy of dronacharya's Oghaniryaktivritti. Chopra Panchaji built Ashtapadh temple inside the fort.

Sambhavanatha temple and Parshvanath temple houses inscription dated 1440 CE and 1416 CE installed during the reign of Rawal Dūdā.

Architecture

Jaisalmer Fort has a large complex of seven Jain temples. These Jain temples of Jaisalmer are considered architectural wonders. The group of Jain temple consist of Parsvanatha temple, Sambhavanatha temple, Shitalanatha temple, Shantinatha and Kunthunatha temple, Chandraprabha temple and Rishabhanatha temple.

The temple contains frescoes, mirrors and other forms of detailing, the temples boast exquisite designs, with the walls of the temples features intricate carvings of animals and human figures similar to Dilwara temples.

The Parshvanatha temple is the oldest and the most beautiful temple in the complex. The temple houses a black marble idol of Parshvanatha with a hood of a serpent with multiple heads over his head, similar to that of in Lodhurva Jain temple. The temple is rich in craftsmanship and exquisite carvings. The garbhagriha wall bears carvings of animals and human figures. The shikhar of the temple is crowned with amalaka. The temple features an ornate porch and the main shrine is surrounded by 52 small shrines.

Chandraprabha temple plan consists of the mandapa with iconic architecture. Rishabhanatha temple houses an idol of Rishabhanatha safeguarded with glass cabinets. The remaining two temples i.e. Shantinath and Kunthunath contain beautiful carvings. Ashtapadh temple features images of Vishnu, Kali and Lakshmi along with Jain deities.

Photo gallery

• Chandraprabha temple
• Interior
• Intricate carvings on wall
• Detail of carving
• Temple ceiling
• Pillars inside temple
• Carving of devkulika on roof

See also

• Dilwara temples
• Ranakpur Jain temple
• Lodhurva Jain temple

References

Citations

1. ^ UNESCO 2013.
2. Melton 2014, p. 125.
3. External affairs ministry.
4. Gill 2019.
5. ^ RTDC.
6. Jain 2005, p. 231.
7. ^ Ring, Watson & Schellinger 2012, p. 392.
8. Fodor's 2009, p. 302.
9. Abram 2003, p. 207.
10. Jain 2005, p. 232.
11. Śrivastava 1981, p. 140.
12. ASI.
13. Hunter 1886, p. 70.
14. Berger 2017, p. 72.
15. Jain 2017.
16. Sinha 2007, p. 93.
17. Kapoor 2002, p. 3681.
18. ^ Betts & McCulloch 2013, p. 137.

Bibliography

Books

• Abram, David (2003). The Rough Guide to India. Rough Guide Travel Guides (4th ed.). Rough Guides. ISBN 9781843530893.
• Berger, Arthur Asa (2017). The Golden Triangle: An Ethno-semiotic Tour of Present-day India. An enthno-semiotic tour of present-day India. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-4128-0787-6.
• Betts, Vanessa; McCulloch, Victoria (2013). India - The North: Forts, Palaces, the Himalaya Dream Trip. Footprint Dream Trip. Footprint Travel Guides. ISBN 9781907263743.
• Fodor's (2009). Fodor's Essential India: with Delhi, Rajasthan, Mumbai & Kerala. Full-color Travel Guide (4th ed.). Fodor's Travel. ISBN 9781640971233.
• Hunter, William Wilson (1886). The Imperial Gazetteer of India. The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). London: Trübner.
• Jain, Chanchalmal Lodha (2005). History of Oswals. New Delhi: Panchshil Publications. ISBN 9788192373027.
• Kapoor, Subodh (2002), The Indian Encyclopaedia: Indo-Pak War-Kamla Karri, The Indian Encyclopaedia: Biographical, Historical, Religious, Administrative, Ethnological, Commercial and Scientific, vol. 12, Delhi: Cosmo Publication, ISBN 978-81-7755-269-0
• Melton, J. Gordon (2014). Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years of Religious History. Vol. 4. California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-026-3.
• Ring, Trudy; Watson, Noelle; Schellinger, Paul (2012). Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 5. New York: Routledge. ISBN 9781136639791.
• Śrivastava, Vijai Shankar (1981). Cultural Contours of India. Vol. Dr. Satya Prakash Felicitation. Abhinav Publications. ISBN 9780391023581.
• Sinha, Juhi (2007). Beyond the Dunes: Journeys in Rajasthan. Haryana: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14306-306-3.

Web

• UNESCO (21 June 2013). "Hill Forts of Rajasthan". UNESCO. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
• ASI. "Jaisalmer fort". Archaeological Survey of India. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
• RTDC. "Jain temples in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan". Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
• External affairs ministry. "Jaisalmer Fort". Know India Programme. Ministry of External Affairs. Archived from the original on 14 January 2018.
• Gill, Simran (27 November 2019). "Heading To Jaisalmer? Here's How To Spend 24 Hours". Outlook. New Delhi. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
• Jain, Swati (19 January 2017). "Jain temples". The Times of India. Retrieved 23 July 2021.

External links

• Media related to Jaisalmer Fort Jain temples at Wikimedia Commons

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See also : Jain temples in North America
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