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Parthiva Shivalinga Puja (Devanagari: पार्थिव शिवलिंग पुजा, Romanised: Pārthiva Śivaliṅga Pūjā) is a popular tradition of worshiping Lord Shiva in the Mithila region of the Indian Subcontinent. In this tradition, devotee worships Shivalingas made by mud. The mud Shivalingas are worshipped either individually at home or at public place by large groups of devotees.

Etymology

Parthiva Shivlinga Puja is a group of three Indic words Parthiva, Shivlinga and Puja. The literal meaning of Parthiva is earthly i.e., made from earthly material like soil, sand or mud. Similarly Shivalinga is the iconic representation of Lord Shiva and Puja literally means worship. Therefore, the literal meaning of Parthiva Shivlinga Puja is the worship of Shivlinga made by soil, sand or mud.

Description

The tradition of the Parthiva Shivalinga Puja originated in the Hindu text Shiva Purana. According to the text Shiva Purana, the Parthiva Shivalingas should be made from the soil of a holy river or pond. In the text Shiva Purana, when sages asked about the greatness of the Parthiva Shivalingas to Suta, then he explained the greatness of the worship of the Parthiva Shivalingas. Suta told that Parthiva Shivalinga is the best form of Lord Shiva among his eight cosmic bodies. He further said that Brahmins, Lord Vishnu, Prajapati and other sages had achieved the great things they had desired by worshipping the Parthiva Shivalingas. Similarly Devatas, Asuras, Gandharvas and many men had achieved greatness by worshipping it. In Kali Yuga, the Parthiva Shivalinga is the most auspicious form of Lord Shiva to worship. It is said that in Kali Yuga, the sage Mandapa started the worship of Parthiva Shivlinga. The sage Mandapa was the son of the sage Kushmanda. Since the tradition is originated from the text Shiva Purana, it could be followed by any Hindu adherents but it is less seen in other parts of the subcontinent. This tradition is still alive and popular among the Maithil communities in the Mithila region. In this region, Maithil Brahmins still follow the tradition of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja in their homes while worshiping Lord Shiva. They also organise grand ceremonies of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja at some big public grounds in the region on some auspicious day every year.

Similarly there is story in the Mahatmya of Kedaareshwara and Bhimashankara Jyotirlinga about the two avatars Nara and Naaraayana of Lord Vishnu who worshipped making Parthiva Shivalingas daily during their Tapasyas at Badarikaashrama.

In the Treta Yuga, Lord Rama worshipped Parthiva Shivalinga. In Ramayana, there is a reference of Lord Rama worshipping Parthiva Shivalinga on the bank of Indian Ocean at Rameshwaram. It is said that before attacking the King Ravana of Lanka, Lord Rama made a Parthiva Shivalinga with the sand on the ocean bank to worship Lord Shiva, so that he would be blessed by Lord Shiva for the victory on the King Ravana.

Recent notable observances in Mithila

In the recent years, the devotees of Mithila region have organised some major grand celebration of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja, which have been recorded as notable grand celebration in the region. These grand celebrations have created histories of the notable milestones for worshiping a very large numbers of the Parthiva Shivalingas by a very large numbers of devotees at some public places in the region. The first grand celebration of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja was organised at the famous Barabigha ground in the city of Janakpur in the year 2017. In this grand celebration, around 3 crores 65 lakhs of Parthiva Shivalingas were made and worshiped by the devotees there.

The second grand celebration of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja was organised at the Saurath Sabha Gachhi near the outskirts of the city of Madhubani in the year 2022. It said that around 3 crores 51 lakhs Parthiva Shivalingas were made and worshiped by the devotees there. In the campus of Saurath Sabha, there is also a Lord Shiva temple known as Madhaweshwar Nath Mahadev Mandir.

Similarly at the campus of Mukteshwar Sthan Mandir in the Devahar village of Madhubani district, a grand celebration of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja was organised on 5 November 2023, in which around 1 crore 25 lakhs of Parthiva Shivalingas were made and worshiped by devotees. Same year in the december month, the fourth grand celebration of the Parthiva Shivalingas Puja was organised at Uchchaith village near Benipatti sub divisional town, in which 4 crores 51 lakhs Parthiva Shivalingas were made and worshiped by a large numbers of devotees.

On the occasion of Akshay Navami on 10 November 2024, the fifth grand Parthiva Shivalingas Puja was organised at the campus of Dayal Baba Durga Mandir in Koriyahi village of the Sitamarhi district in Mithila region. In this grand celebration, around 2 crores 91 lakhs of Parthiva Shivalingas were made and worshiped by the devotees participated in the celebration. In the celebration, Brahmins from different 101 villages of the Madhubani, Darbhanga and Sitamarhi districts including the Mithila region of Nepal participated for making and worshipping the Parthiva Shivalingas there.

References

1. ^ "worship of Parthiv Shivling is still done in Mithila". Prabhat Khabar (in Hindi). 2023-02-18. Retrieved 2024-11-10.
2. "बिहार में ऐतिहासिक पूजा, मिट्टी और गंगाजल से एक दिन में तैयार किए सवा करोड़ पार्थिव शिवलिंग". Hindustan.
3. "OMG! इस शक्तिपीठ में एक साथ होगी सवा करोड़ पार्थिव महादेव की पूजा, 121 हवन कुंड और..." News18 हिंदी (in Hindi). 2023-05-15. Retrieved 2024-11-10.
4. ^ न्यूज, एबीपी (2021-08-02). "जानें किसने शुरू की सावन में पार्थिव शिवलिंग पूजा की परंपरा, इससे बढ़ती है उम्र और समृद्धि". www.abplive.com (in Hindi). Retrieved 2024-11-10.
5. www.wisdomlib.org (2017-04-04). "Parthiva, Pārthiva: 26 definitions". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2024-11-10.
6. www.wisdomlib.org (2018-08-26). "The worship of Śiva's Earthen phallic image (pārthiva-liṅga) [Chapter 19]". www.wisdomlib.org. Retrieved 2024-11-12.
7. "कुष्मांड ऋषि के पुत्र ने किया था सर्वप्रथम पार्थिव पूजन, इससे शिव होते हैं प्रसन्न". Dainik Bhaskar.
8. Payasi, Anand (2017-01-01). Kalyankari Shiv: A Spiritual Journey to Enlightenment: Kalyankari Shiv by Anand Payasi (in Hindi). Prabhat Prakashan. ISBN 978-93-84344-57-3.
9. "Sawan Somwar 2022: सावन में पार्थिव शिवलिंग पूजा है विशेष फलदाई, होती है सभी मनोकामनाएं जल्द पूरी". Amar Ujala (in Hindi). Retrieved 2024-11-11.
10. ^ "मैथिलानियों ने रचा इतिहास, पांच घंटे में बनाये डेढ़ करोड़ से अधिक शिवलिंग". Hindustan.
11. "सवा लाख महामृतुंजय जप का आयोजन:सवा करोड़ पार्थिव लिंग महादेव की पूजा, हजारों की संख्या में उमड़ी श्रद्धालुओं की भीड़". Dainik Bhaskar.
12. "मधुबनी : अंधराठाढी के मुक्तेश्वर स्थान में होगा सवा करोड़ पार्थिव शिवलिंग पूजा - Live Aaryaavart (लाईव आर्यावर्त)". www.liveaaryaavart.com. Retrieved 2024-11-11.
13. "अक्षय नवमी पर आज होगा सवा करोड़ पार्थिव पूजन, तैयारी पूरी". Hindustan.

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