Kálmán Kalocsay

(Redirected from Peter Peneter) Hungarian Esperantist poet, translator and editor

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The native form of this personal name is Kalocsay Kálmán. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.

Kálmán Kalocsay

Born	(1891-10-06)October 6, 1891 Abaújszántó
Died	February 23, 1976(1976-02-23) (aged 84) Budapest
Education	University of Budapest (—1916, medicine)
Occupation(s)	Infectious disease specialist Poet Translator Esperantist
Signature

Kálmán Kalocsay (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkaːlmaːn ˈkɒlot͡ʃɒi]; 6 October 1891 in Abaújszántó – 27 February 1976) was a Hungarian Esperantist poet, translator, and editor who significantly influenced Esperanto culture, both in its literature and in the language itself, through his original poetry and his translations of literary works from his native Hungarian and other languages of Europe. His name is sometimes Esperantized as Kolomano Kaloĉajo, and some of his work was published under various pseudonyms, including C.E.R. Bumy, Kopar, Alex Kay, K. Stelov, Malice Pik and Peter Peneter.

Kalocsay studied medicine and later became a surgeon and the chief infectious disease specialist at a major Budapest hospital. He learned both Esperanto and its breakaway dialect Ido in his adolescence, but became more inclined towards Esperanto after he had seen its greater literary potential. In 1921 his first original collection of poems, Mondo kaj Koro (“World and heart”) was published. A further decade passed before the appearance of his collection Streĉita Kordo (“A taut string”), which many Esperantists consider one of the finest collections of original Esperanto poetry, and Rimportretoj (“Portraits in rhyme”), witty poems in rondel style about various people then prominent in the Esperanto movement. In 1932, under the pseudonym Peter Peneter, he published Sekretaj Sonetoj (“Secret sonnets”), a book of erotic verse.

In addition to being a prolific author of Esperanto works, Kalocsay guided the Esperanto literary world through a magazine and publishing house called Literaturo Mondo (“Literary world”). A group of writers who coalesced around this magazine during the 1920s and 1930s were known as the "Budapest school" (Budapeŝto skolo).

Works of Kalocsay about literary and linguistic theory include the expansive Plena Gramatiko de Esperanto (“Complete grammar of Esperanto”) and Parnasa Gvidlibro (“Handbook of Parnassus”), a work on Esperanto poetics co-authored with Gaston Waringhien, and an academic style guide for Esperanto, Lingvo – Stilo – Formo (“Language, style and form”). Kalocsay also co-compiled the two-volume Enciklopedio de Esperanto (“Encyclopædia of Esperanto”).

Much was written about Kalocsay by his literary executor Ada Csiszár, after whose death the estate passed to the Esperanto Museum of the Austrian National Library.

Works

Original poetry

Dek elektitaj poemoj (Ten selected poems from Strecita Kordo-ból), 1976
Dissemitaj floroj (Scattered flower seeds). Budapest, 2005
Izolo (Isolation), 1977
La dekdu noktoj de satano (The Twelve Nights of Satan), 1990
Mondo kaj Koro (World and Heart), 1921
Rimportretoj (Rhyme Portraits), 1934
Streĉita Kordo (A Taut String), 1931, 1978
Sekretaj Sonetoj (Secret Sonnets), 1932, 1989
Versojn oni ne aĉetas (Verses one does not buy), 1992

Translations into Esperanto

Arthistorio I. (Art history notes, following the lectures of Antal Hekler, Part I: The art of ancient peoples) – Prose, 1934
Du kokcineloj (Géza Gárdonyi: Two Ladybugs) – Prose, 1923
Eterna Bukedo (Eternal bouquet) – Poetry anthology, 1931
Ezopa saĝo (Aesopian wisdom), 1956, 1978
Hungara Antologio (Hungarian anthology), 1933, 1983
Infero (Dante Alighieri: Inferno), 1933, 1979
Johano la Brava (Petőfi Sándor: János vitéz), 1923, 1948, 1984, graphic novel 2001
Kantanta kamparo (Éneklő mező - népdalok), 1922
Kantoj kaj Romancoj (Heinrich Heine: Dalok és románcok), together with Gaston Waringhien, 1969
La Floroj de l'Malbono (Charles Baudelaire: Les Fleurs du mal) (joint translation), 1957
La Tempesto (William Shakespeare: The Tempest), 1970
La Taglibro (Goethe: The Diary), 1984
La Tragedio de l'Homo (Madách: Az ember tragédiája), 1924 (revised: 1965), CD version: 1999
Libero kaj Amo (Petőfi Sándor: Szabadság, szerelem), 1970
Morgaŭ matene (Frigyes Karinthy: Holnap reggel) – Prose, 1923
Ni kantu! (Énekeljünk), 1928, 2000
Reĝo Lear (Shakespeare: King Lear), 1966
Romaj Elegioj, La Taglibro (Goethe: Roman Elegy, The Diary), 1932
Rozinjo (Gyula Török: Rozika) – Play, 1938, 1977
Somermeznokta Sonĝo (Shakespeare: A Midsummer Night's Dream), 1967
Tutmonda Sonoro (Sounding World, an anthology translated from 30 languages in two volumes), 1981
Vivo de Arnaldo (Benito Mussolini: Vita di Arnaldo) – Prose, 1934

Edited by Kalocsay

Dekdu Poetoj (Twelve Poets), 1934
Naŭ poetoj (Nine poets), 1938, 1989
Enciklopedio de Esperanto / red. L. Kökény [hu], V. Bleier [hu] ; la lingvo-fakon K. Kalocsay ; iniciatinto-cefredaktoro I. Sirjaev. Budapest : Literatura Mondo, 1933.

Linguistics and prose works

8000 frazeologiaj esprimoj (8000 phraseological expressions, together with Ada Csiszár), 2003
Dek prelegoj (Ten lectures), 1985
Diino Hertha (Goddess Hertha), 1992
Domfabriko (House Factory, 6000 phrases in Hungarian-Esperanto, together with Ada Csiszár), 1975
Eszperantó nyelvtan (Esperanto grammar), 1948
Kiel verki kaj traduki (How to write and translate), 1979
La gramatika karaktero de esperantaj radikoj (Grammatical characteristics of Esperanto word roots), 1938, 1980
Lingvo Stilo Formo (Language Style Form) – Study, 1931, 1963, 1970
Parnasa Gvidlibro, (Guide to Parnassus, jointly with Gaston Waringhien), 1932, 1968, 1984
Plena gramatiko, (Complete grammar), 1935, 1938, 1958-1964
Rendszeres eszperantó nyelvtan (Regular Esperanto Grammar), 1966, 1968, 2004
Selektitaj leteroj (Selected letters) Budapest, 2006
Sendemandaj respondoj (Questionless answers), Sezonoj, 1992
Vojaĝo inter la tempoj, (Journey between times) – linguistics, Stafeto 1966;

Translations into other languages

Ezopa saĝo (Aesopian wisdom); into Chinese, 1980
En nacia vesto (In national dress); into 19 languages, Budapest, 2004
Johano la Brava (John the Brave); Chinese–Esperanto parallel text, 1997

External links

Works by Kálmán Kalocsay at Project Gutenberg
Kalman Kalocsay - a brief biography at the Wayback Machine (archived October 27, 2009)
Kalman Kalocsay's poetry in English at Poems Found in Translation
Guerrero, Javier (2012). "Kalocsay, masonisto de la Parnaso" (PDF). La Ondo de Esperanto (in Esperanto). 3 (209): 16.

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