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Pirkko Eskola

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Finnish physicist

Pirkko Eskola is a Finnish physicist. She discovered the chemical elements Rutherfordium and Dubnium whilst working at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Research

Eskola was a student of Matti Nurmia [fi] at the University of Helsinki. She worked on heavy ion physics. In 1961 Eskola demonstrated that the half-life of Nobelium was 25 seconds. Eskola joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 1968 and stayed until 1972. She worked with Albert Ghiorso, James Andrew Harris and her husband, Kari Eskola [fi]. In 1969 she was part of the team that discovered Rutherfordium by bombarding californium-249 with Carbon-12. In 1970 she discovered Dubnium using the Heavy Ion Linear Accelerator, bombarding a target of californium-249 with nitrogen nuclei. There was debate between Russia and America over who first discovered of Rutherfordium. Eskola studied the alpha decay of Nobelium 255 and 257. She went on to work on beta-unstable Alpha particle emitting nuclei. Using Alpha-particle spectroscopy she studied lawrencium isotopes 255 - 260 and Mendelevium isotopes 248 - 252.

Her husband, Kari Eskola, was a professor of physics at the University of Helsinki. She went on to have a career in science education. She was an editor of the Finnish Physical Society journal Physica Fennica. Eskola was a member of the American Physical Society Committee for Women in Physics.

References

  1. Leino, Matti (1983). Studies of alpha-active nuclei using a recoil spectrometer. University of Helsinki. ISBN 9789514531439.
  2. Albert, Ghiorso; C, Hoffman Darleane; T, Seaborg Glenn (2000-01-21). The Transuranium People: The Inside Story. World Scientific. ISBN 9781783262441.
  3. "CERN‐Serpukhov Collaboration Yields Data on Particle Yields". Physics Today. 22 (7): 71. July 1969. Bibcode:1969PhT....22g..71.. doi:10.1063/1.3035682. ISSN 0031-9228.
  4. ^ "Tributes to Albert Ghiorso | Berkeley Lab". News Center. 2011-01-12. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  5. "Lawrence Radiation Laboratory's team that reported the positive identification of two isotopes of element 104, Rutherfordium. Left to right: Matti Nurmia, Jim Harris, Kari and Pirkko Eskola, and Albert Ghiorso. XBB6903-01735 [Photographer: Donald Cooksey] - Lawrence Radiation Laboratory's team that reported the positive identification of two isotopes of element 104, Rutherfordium. Left to right: Matti Nurmia, Jim Harris, Kari and Pirkko Eskola, and Albert Ghiorso. XBB6903-01735 [Photographer: Donald Cooksey] | U.S. National Archives, Pirkko eskola". U.S. National Archives. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  6. Edelstein, Norman M. (2013-09-11). Actinides in Perspective: Proceedings of the Actinides—1981 Conference, Pacific Grove, California, USA, 10-15 September 1981. Elsevier. ISBN 9781483190518.
  7. (System), University of California (1969). University Bulletin: A Weekly Bulletin for the Staff of the University of California. Office of Official Publications, University of California.
  8. Ghiorso, Albert; Nurmia, Matti; Eskola, Kari; Harris, James; Eskola, Pirkko (1970-06-29). "New Element Hahnium, Atomic Number 105". Physical Review Letters. 24 (26): 1498–1503. Bibcode:1970PhRvL..24.1498G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.24.1498.
  9. GHIORSO, A.; NURMIA, M.; HARRIS, J.; ESKOLA, K.; ESKOLA, P. (February 1971). "Defence of the Berkeley Work on Alpha-emitting Isotopes of Element 104". Nature. 229 (5287): 603–607. Bibcode:1971Natur.229..603G. doi:10.1038/229603a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 16059385. S2CID 32793305.
  10. Eskola, Pirkko; Eskola, Kari; Nurmia, Matti; Ghiorso, Albert (1970-09-01). "Alpha Decay of $^{255}\mathrm{No}$ and $^{257}\mathrm{No}$". Physical Review C. 2 (3): 1058–1062. Bibcode:1970PhRvC...2.1058E. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.2.1058.
  11. Sanders, J. (2013-03-09). Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants 5. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781468426823.
  12. Ghiorso, Albert; Nurmia, Matti; Eskola, Kari; Eskola, Pirkko (1971-11-01). "Two New Alpha-Particle Emitting Isotopes of Element 105, $^{261}\mathrm{Ha}$ and $^{262}\mathrm{Ha}$". Physical Review C. 4 (5): 1850–1855. Bibcode:1971PhRvC...4.1850G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.4.1850.
  13. Eskola, Kari (1971). "Studies of Lawrencium Isotopes with Mass Numbers 255 Through 260". Physical Review C. 4 (2): 632–642. Bibcode:1971PhRvC...4..632E. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.4.632.
  14. Eskola, Pirkko (1973). "Studies of Mendelevium Isotopes with Mass Numbers 248 Through 252" (PDF). Physical Review C. 7 (1): 280–289. Bibcode:1973PhRvC...7..280E. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.7.280.
  15. "Today at Berkeley Lab: Al Ghiorso's 90th Birthday Symposium -- A Roster of Stellar Speakers". www2.lbl.gov. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  16. "ELEKTRA - projektisuunnitelma". elektra.helsinki.fi. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  17. "A Web Publishing Project at VTT Information Service". www.ercim.eu. Retrieved 2018-08-08.
  18. Physica Fennica: Collected Reprints. 1973.
  19. Physics, American Physical Society Committee on Women in (1972). Women in physics: a roster. Published for the American Physical Society by the American Institute of Physics.
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