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Productida Temporal range: Silurian–Early Triassic PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Productid brachiopod ventral valve interior; Roadian, Guadalupian (Middle Permian); Glass Mountains, Texas.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Brachiopoda
Class:	†Strophomenata
Order:	†Productida Sarytcheva & Sokolskaya, 1959
Suborders
†Chonetidina †Lyttoniidina †Productidina †Strophalosiidina

Productida is an extinct order of brachiopods in the extinct class Strophomenata. Members of Productida first appeared during the Silurian. They represented the most abundant group of brachiopods during the Permian period, accounting for 45-70% of all species. The vast majority of species went extinct during the Permian-Triassic extinction event, though a handful survived into the Early Triassic. Many productids are covered in hollow tubular spines, which are characteristic of the group. A number of functions for the spines have been proposed, including as a defensive mechanism against predators.

Taxonomy

Following the Treatise

• Suborder Chonetidina
  • Superfamily Chonetoidea
    • Family Strophochonetidae
    • Family Chonostrophiidae
    • Family Anopliidae
    • Family Eodevonariidae
    • Family Chonetidae
    • Family Rugosochonetidae
    • Family Daviesiellidae
• Suborder Productidina
  • Superfamily Productoidea
    • Family Productellidae
    • Family Productidae
  • Superfamily Echinoconchoidea
    • Family Echinoconchidae
    • Family Sentosiidae
  • Superfamily Linoproductoidea
    • Family Linoproductidae
    • Family Monticuliferidae
    • Family Shrenkiellidae
• Suborder Strophalosiidina
  • Superfamily Strophalosioidea
    • Family Strophalosiidae
    • Family Chonopectidae
    • Family Araksalosiidae
  • Superfamily Aulostegoidea
    • Family Aulostegidae
    • Family Cooperinidae
    • Family Scacchinellidae
  • Superfamily Richthofenioidea
    • Family Richthofeniidae
    • Family Hercosiidae
    • Family Cyclacanthariidae
    • Family Gemmellaroiidae
• Suborder Lyttoniidina
  • Superfamily Lyttonioidea
    • Family Lyttoniidae
    • Family Rigbyellidae
  • Superfamily Permianelloidea
    • Family Permianellidae

References

1. Clarkson, E. N. K. (2013-07-23). Invertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-68516-7.
2. Zhang, Yang; He, WeiHong (November 2008). "Evolutionary patterns of Productida (Brachiopoda) morphology during the Permian in South China". Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences. 51 (11): 1589–1600. Bibcode:2008ScChD..51.1589Z. doi:10.1007/s11430-008-0131-3. ISSN 1006-9313. S2CID 129786860.
3. Johnsen, Simen Alexander Linge; Ahmed, Madeeha; Leighton, Lindsey R. (April 2013). "The effect of spines of a Devonian productide brachiopod on durophagous predation". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 375: 30–37. Bibcode:2013PPP...375...30J. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.02.009.
4. Williams, Alwyn; Brunton, C.H.C.; Carlson, S.J.; et al. (1997–2007). Kaesler, Roger L.; Selden, Paul (eds.). Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Boulder, Colorado; Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America; University of Kansas.

External links

• Data related to Productida at Wikispecies
• Media related to Productida at Wikimedia Commons
• "Productida". Paleobiology Database.

v t e Brachiopod orders
Linguliformea Lingulata †Acrotretida Lingulida †Siphonotretida †Paterinata Paterinida Craniiformea Craniata Craniida †Craniopsida †Trimerellida Rhynchonelliformea †Chileata Chileida Dictyonellida †Kutorginata Kutorginida †Obolellata Naukatida Obolellida Rhynchonellata †Athyridida †Atrypida †Orthida †Pentamerida †Protorthida Rhynchonellida †Spiriferida †Spiriferinida Terebratulida Thecideida †Strophomenata Billingsellida Orthotetida Productida Strophomenida

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