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Progress D-436

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Soviet turbofan engine
D-436
D-436-148 turbofan engine for An-148
Type Turbofan
National origin Soviet Union/Ukraine
Manufacturer Ivchenko-Progress, UMPO and NPC Saljut
First run 1985
Major applications Antonov An-148
Tupolev Tu-334
Beriev Be-200
Developed from Lotarev D-36

The Progress D-436 is a triple-spool high-bypass turbofan engine developed by the Ukrainian company Ivchenko-Progress during the Soviet era, and manufactured by Motor Sich in Ukraine. It was initially developed to meet the requirements for late versions of the Yakovlev Yak-42 and the Antonov An-72 in the 1980s. The engine first ran in 1985 and was subsequently certified in 1987. Several variants have been developed and are currently in service with a variety of aircraft.

Design and development

The D-436 engine was developed as a follow on to the Lotarev D-36. The engine took several of its design features from that engine and another Progress engine, the Progress D-18. The D-436 incorporated an updated, higher RPM fan, a lower emissions combustor, and new compressor sections. Several variants of the engine incorporate a FADEC.

The Motor-Sich plant in Zaporozhie, where the assembly line for D-436 engines was located, was destroyed by Russian forces in late May 2022 following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Variants

A Progress D-436 installed on an Antonov An-158
D-436K
The "K" variant was the initial model of the engine. It had a bypass ratio of 6.2 and a pressure ratio of 21.0. Proposed for use in the defunct Antonov An-71.
D-436M
The "M" variant was proposed for use on the Yak-42M.
D-436T1
The "T1" variant is used on the Tu-334 and has been offered for use on the in-development Tu-414. See detailed specifications below. The variant was also proposed for use on the now-defunct An-174.
D-436T1-134
The "T1-134" variant was proposed as a replacement for the engines on the Tu-134.
D-436T2
The "T2" variant is uprated to 80 kN (18,000 lbf) of thrust and is used on the Tu-334-100D and the Tu-334-200D.
D-436TP
The "TP" variant is a specific "maritime" corrosion-resistant version developed for use in the Be-200 amphibious aircraft. This variant produces 7,500 kgf (16,534 lbf) each.
D-436T3
The "T3" variant added a booster section behind the new wide-chord fan and had a maximum thrust around 93 kN (21,000 lbf). The T3 variant was also considered for the Il-214, but the aircraft's thrust requirements exceeded the max engine thrust of 98 kN (22,000 lbf).
D-436-148
The "-148" variant was developed specifically for the An-148. This version is derated to 67 kN (15,000 lbf) of thrust for longer engine life.
D-436TX
The "TX" variant uses the same core at the "T3", but includes an updated turbine and a geared fan. It is in the 117–135 kN (26,000–30,000 lbf) class.

Derivatives

AI-436T12
This derivative engine was designed for use on the Irkut/Ilyushin MC-21. It was projected to produce 117 kN (26,000 lbf) of thrust. Irkut has since replaced the AI-436T12 with the 137.89 kN (31,000 lbf) Aviadvigatel PD-14.

Applications

Specifications (D-436-T1)

Data from Elodie Roux, page 159

General characteristics

  • Type: Three-spool high-bypass turbofan
  • Length: 3.03 m (9 ft 11 in)
  • Diameter: 1.373 m (4 ft 6.1 in)
  • Dry weight: 1,450 kg (3,200 lb)

Components

  • Compressor: Axial flow, 1-stage fan, 6-stage IP, 7-stage HP
  • Turbine: 1-stage HP, 1-stage IP, 3-stage LP

Performance

  • Maximum thrust: Takeoff: 7,650 kgf (16,865 lbf; 75.02 kN); Cruise: 1,500 kgf (3,307 lbf; 14.71 kN) at Mach 0.75 speed, 11,000 m (36,000 ft) altitude
  • Overall pressure ratio: 25.2
  • Bypass ratio: 4.95
  • Air mass flow: 606.3 lb/s (275.0 kg/s)
  • Turbine inlet temperature: 1,550 K (2,790 °R; 1,280 °C; 2,330 °F)
  • Specific fuel consumption: Takeoff: 10.6 g/(kN⋅s) (0.37 lb/(lbf⋅h)); Cruise: 17.3 g/(kN⋅s) (0.61 lb/(lbf⋅h))

See also

Related development

Comparable engines

Related lists

References

  1. "Ukraine bans deliveries of D-436 civil aircraft engines to Russia". Tass, February 19, 2018. Retrieved July 29, 2022.
  2. "Ivchenko-Progress D-436 (Ukraine), Aero-engines - Turbofan". Jane's Aero-Engines. 31 March 2009. Archived from the original on 14 August 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2009.
  3. "Be-200 Indigenous Engine Delays Drive Be-12 Life Extension". AINonline, April 20, 2019. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
  4. "Russia Says It Destroyed Ukrainian Military Engine Plant". Newsweek, May 26, 2022. 26 May 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2022.
  5. Fricker, John (4 December 1995). "Russian AWACS programs face funding problems". Aviation Week and Space Technology. Vol. 143, no. 23. pp. 89–90, 92. ISSN 0005-2175.
  6. "ZMKB Progress". Flight International. 8 October 1996. ISSN 0015-3710.
  7. "Tu-324/414 (2003)". Flight International. 28 October – 3 November 2003. p. 57. ISSN 0015-3710.
  8. "Tupolev (1999)". Flight International. 1–7 September 1999. p. 73. ISSN 0015-3710.
  9. ^ "ZMKB Progress (2004)". Flight International. 23–29 November 2004. p. 61. ISSN 0015-3710.
  10. "India needs more power for Il-214". Flight International. 29 April 2002. ISSN 0015-3710.
  11. "An-148 final assembly gets under way at Kiev". Flight International. 15 March 2004. ISSN 0015-3710.
  12. "An-148 design tweaked as date for first flight approaches". Paris Air Show Report 2003. Flight International. 23 June 2003. ISSN 0015-3710.
  13. ENGINES (2008). DEFENSE and SECURITY (Russia). No. 100, September 10, 2008
  14. "MC-21 test aircraft flies with PD-14 engines after swap from PW-1400Gs". FlightGlobal, October 7, 2022. Retrieved June 10, 2023.
  15. Élodie Roux (2007). Turbofan and turbojet engines: Database handbook. Elodie Roux. pp. 159–160. ISBN 9782952938013. OCLC 804131087.

External links

Ivchenko-Progress aircraft engines
Piston engines
Turboshafts/turboprops and auxiliary power units (APU)
Turbofans and propfans
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