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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name Propane-1,3-diol | |||
| Other names
1,3-Dihydroxypropane Trimethylene glycol | |||
| Identifiers | |||
| CAS Number | |||
| 3D model (JSmol) | |||
| 3DMet | |||
| Abbreviations | PDO | ||
| Beilstein Reference | 969155 | ||
| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| DrugBank | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.271 
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| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |||
| MeSH | 1,3-propanediol | ||
| PubChem CID | |||
| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |||
InChI
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SMILES
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| Properties | |||
| Chemical formula | CH2(CH2OH)2 | ||
| Molar mass | 76.095 g·mol | ||
| Appearance | Colourless liquid | ||
| Density | 1.0597 g cm | ||
| Melting point | −27 °C; −17 °F; 246 K | ||
| Boiling point | 211 to 217 °C; 412 to 422 °F; 484 to 490 K | ||
| Solubility in water | Miscible | ||
| log P | −1.093 | ||
| Vapor pressure | 4.5 Pa | ||
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.440 | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH298) |
−485.9–−475.7 kJ mol | ||
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH298) |
−1848.1–−1837.9 kJ mol | ||
| Hazards | |||
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) |
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| Flash point | 79.444 °C (174.999 °F; 352.594 K) | ||
| Autoignition temperature |
400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) | ||
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | sciencelab.com | ||
| Related compounds | |||
| Related glycols | Ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
 N verify (what is ?)
Infobox references
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1,3-Propanediol is the organic compound with the formula CH2(CH2OH)2. This 3-carbon diol is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water.
Products
It is mainly used as a building block in the production of polymers such as polytrimethylene terephthalate.
1,3-Propanediol can be formulated into a variety of industrial products including composites, adhesives, laminates, coatings, moldings, aliphatic polyesters, and copolyesters. It is also a common solvent. It is used as an antifreeze and as a component in wood paint.
Production
1,3-Propanediol is mainly produced by the hydration of acrolein. An alternative route involves the hydroformylation of ethylene oxide to form 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde. The aldehyde is subsequently hydrogenated to give 1,3-propanediol. Biotechnological routes are also known.
Two other routes involve bioprocessing by certain micro-organisms:
- Conversion from glucose effected by a genetically modified strain of E. coli by DuPont Tate & Lyle BioProducts (See: bioseparation of 1,3-propanediol). An estimated 120,000 tons were produced in 2007". According to DuPont, the Bio-PDO process uses 40% less energy than conventional processes, Because of DuPont and Tate & Lyle's success in developing a renewable Bio-PDO process, the American Chemical Society awarded the Bio-PDO research teams the "2007 Heroes of Chemistry" award.
- Conversion from glycerol (a by-product of biodiesel production) using Clostridium diolis bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae.
Safety
1,3-Propanediol does not appear to pose a significant hazard via inhalation of either the vapor or a vapor/aerosol mixture. However, like with any chemical exposure should be controlled and maintained.
See also
References
- "1,3-propanediol - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
- ^ Carl J. Sullivan; Anja Kuenz; Klaus-Dieter Vorlop (2018). "Propanediols". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a22_163.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
- Werle, Peter; Morawietz, Marcus; Lundmark, Stefan; Sörensen, Kent; Karvinen, Esko; Lehtonen, Juha (2008-07-15), "Alcohols, Polyhydric", in Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA (ed.), Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, pp. a01_305.pub2, doi:10.1002/14356007.a01_305.pub2, ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2, retrieved 2022-03-31
- Carl F. Muska; Carina Alles (2005-05-11). "Biobased 1,3-Propanediol A New Platform Chemical For The 21st Century" (PDF). BREW Symposium.
- ^ "Growing Demand for Products Manufactured from DuPont's Bio-Based Propanediol". AZoM.com. 2007-06-12.
- H. Biebl; K. Menzel; A.-P. Zeng; W.-D. Deckwer (1999). "Microbial production of 1,3-propanediol". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 52 (3): 289–297. doi:10.1007/s002530051523. PMID 10531640. S2CID 20017229.
- Scott RS, Frame SR, Ross PE, Loveless SE, Kennedy GL (2005). "Inhalation toxicity of 1,3-propanediol in the rat". Inhal Toxicol. 17 (9): 487–93. doi:10.1080/08958370590964485. PMID 16020043. S2CID 25647781.