RNAIII is a stable 514 nt regulatory RNA transcribed by the P3 promoter of the Staphylococcus aureus quorum-sensing agr system ). It is the major effector of the agr regulon, which controls the expression of many S. aureus genes encoding exoproteins and cell wall associated proteins plus others encoding regulatory proteins The RNAIII transcript also encodes the 26 amino acid δ-haemolysin (Staphylococcus aureus delta toxin) peptide (Hld). RNAIII contains many stem loops, most of which match the Shine-Dalgarno sequence involved in translation initiation of the regulated genes. Some of these interactions are inhibitory, others stimulatory; among the former is the regulatory protein Rot. In vitro, RNAIII is expressed post exponentially, inhibiting translation of the surface proteins, notably protein A, while stimulating that of the exoproteins, many of which are tissue-degrading enzymes or cytolysins. Among the latter is the important virulence factor, α-hemolysin (or alpha toxin) (Hla), whose translation RNAIII activates by preventing the formation of an inhibitory foldback loop in the hla mRNA leader.
References
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Further reading
- Chevalier C, Boisset S, Romilly C, Masquida B, Fechter P, Geissmann T, Vandenesch F, Romby P (March 2010). "Staphylococcus aureus RNAIII binds to two distant regions of coa mRNA to arrest translation and promote mRNA degradation". PLOS Pathogens. 6 (3): e1000809. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000809. PMC 2837412. PMID 20300607.
- Coelho LR, Souza RR, Ferreira FA, Guimarães MA, Ferreira-Carvalho BT, Figueiredo AM (November 2008). "agr RNAIII divergently regulates glucose-induced biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus". Microbiology. 154 (Pt 11). Reading, England: 3480–3490. doi:10.1099/mic.0.2007/016014-0. PMID 18957601.
- Queck SY, Jameson-Lee M, Villaruz AE, Bach TH, Khan BA, Sturdevant DE, Ricklefs SM, Li M, Otto M (October 2008). "RNAIII-independent target gene control by the agr quorum-sensing system: insight into the evolution of virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus". Molecular Cell. 32 (1): 150–8. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2008.08.005. PMC 2575650. PMID 18851841.
- Huntzinger E, Boisset S, Saveanu C, Benito Y, Geissmann T, Namane A, Lina G, Etienne J, Ehresmann B, Ehresmann C, Jacquier A, Vandenesch F, Romby P (February 2005). "Staphylococcus aureus RNAIII and the endoribonuclease III coordinately regulate spa gene expression". The EMBO Journal. 24 (4): 824–35. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600572. PMC 549626. PMID 15678100.
- Chabelskaya S, Bordeau V, Felden B (April 2014). "Dual RNA regulatory control of a Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor". Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (8): 4847–58. doi:10.1093/nar/gku119. PMC 4005698. PMID 24510101.
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