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An irregular matrix, or ragged matrix, is a matrix that has a different number of elements in each row. Ragged matrices are not used in linear algebra, since standard matrix transformations cannot be performed on them, but they are useful in computing as arrays which are called jagged arrays. Irregular matrices are typically stored using Iliffe vectors.

For example, the following is an irregular matrix:

{\begin{bmatrix}1&31&12&-3\\7&2\\1&2&2\end{bmatrix}}

References

Paul E. Black, Ragged matrix, from Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures, Paul E. Black, ed., NIST, 2004.

v t e Matrix classes
Explicitly constrained entries	Alternant Anti-diagonal Anti-Hermitian Anti-symmetric Arrowhead Band Bidiagonal Bisymmetric Block-diagonal Block Block tridiagonal Boolean Cauchy Centrosymmetric Conference Complex Hadamard Copositive Diagonally dominant Diagonal Discrete Fourier Transform Elementary Equivalent Frobenius Generalized permutation Hadamard Hankel Hermitian Hessenberg Hollow Integer Logical Matrix unit Metzler Moore Nonnegative Pentadiagonal Permutation Persymmetric Polynomial Quaternionic Signature Skew-Hermitian Skew-symmetric Skyline Sparse Sylvester Symmetric Toeplitz Triangular Tridiagonal Vandermonde Walsh Z
Constant	Exchange Hilbert Identity Lehmer Of ones Pascal Pauli Redheffer Shift Zero
Conditions on eigenvalues or eigenvectors	Companion Convergent Defective Definite Diagonalizable Hurwitz-stable Positive-definite Stieltjes
Satisfying conditions on products or inverses	Congruent Idempotent or Projection Invertible Involutory Nilpotent Normal Orthogonal Unimodular Unipotent Unitary Totally unimodular Weighing
With specific applications	Adjugate Alternating sign Augmented Bézout Carleman Cartan Circulant Cofactor Commutation Confusion Coxeter Distance Duplication and elimination Euclidean distance Fundamental (linear differential equation) Generator Gram Hessian Householder Jacobian Moment Payoff Pick Random Rotation Routh-Hurwitz Seifert Shear Similarity Symplectic Totally positive Transformation
Used in statistics	Centering Correlation Covariance Design Doubly stochastic Fisher information Hat Precision Stochastic Transition
Used in graph theory	Adjacency Biadjacency Degree Edmonds Incidence Laplacian Seidel adjacency Tutte
Used in science and engineering	Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa Density Fundamental (computer vision) Fuzzy associative Gamma Gell-Mann Hamiltonian Irregular Overlap S State transition Substitution Z (chemistry)
Related terms	Jordan normal form Linear independence Matrix exponential Matrix representation of conic sections Perfect matrix Pseudoinverse Row echelon form Wronskian
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