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Sebeș
Municipality
Sebeș Lutheran churchSebeș City HallThe Zapolya building
Coat of arms
Location in Alba County
SebeșLocation in Romania
Coordinates: 45°57′36″N 23°34′12″E / 45.96000°N 23.57000°E / 45.96000; 23.57000
Country	Romania
County	Alba
Government
• Mayor (2020–2024)	Dorin Gheorghe Nistor (PNL)
Area	115.45 km (44.58 sq mi)
Elevation	262 m (860 ft)
Population	26,490
• Density	230/km (590/sq mi)
Time zone	EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code	515800
Area code	(+40) 02 58
Vehicle reg.	AB
Website	www.primariasebes.ro

Sebeș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈsebeʃ]; German: Mühlbach; Hungarian: Szászsebes; Transylvanian Saxon: Melnbach) is a city in Alba County, central Romania, southwestern Transylvania.

Geography

The city lies in the Mureș River valley and straddles the river Sebeș. It is at the crossroads of two main highways in Romania: the A1 motorway coming from Sibiu and going towards Deva and the A10 motorway going towards Alba Iulia and Cluj-Napoca. Their national road counterparts passing through the city are the DN1 (E81) and the DN7 (E68), both of which also come from Sibiu.

Sebeș is situated 15 km (9.3 mi) south of the county capital, Alba Iulia. It has three villages under its administration:

• Petrești (Petersdorf; Péterfalva) – 3.5 km (2.2 mi) south
• Lancrăm (Langendorf; Lámkerék) – 2 km (1.2 mi) north
• Răhău (Reichau; Rehó) – 6 km (3.7 mi) east.

Climate

Sebeș has a humid continental climate (Cfb in the Köppen climate classification).

History

It is believed that there has been an earlier rural settlement in this area, with Romanian and Pecheneg population, situated east of today's city. The city itself was built by German settlers — later referred as Transylvanian Saxons, but actually originating from the region of Rhine and Moselle — on the territory of the Hungarian Kingdom in the second half of the 12th century and became an important city in medieval Transylvania. Its city walls were reinforced after the Tatar (Mongol) invasions from 1241 to 1242, but the city was occupied in 1438 by the Ottoman Empire. Transylvania's voivode John I Zápolya died in Sebeș in 1540. The Transylvanian Diet met in Sebeș in 1546, 1556, 1598, and 1600. The location of the meetings, the Zápolya House, is now a museum. In the oldest documents that attest the existence of Sebeș, the city is named "Malebach"(1245), "Millenbach"(1309), names that derive from the German "Malemboch", which means "the river that carries a lot of rocks", which corresponds to the geography of the city.

Johannes Tröster's work "Das alt und neue Teutsche Dacia" published in 1666 in Nuremberg sets the date of the city's founding in 1150. The great Mongol invasion destroyed the city in 1242, after which the inhabitants rebuilt it. The old two-towered Romanesque basilica was rebuilt in early Gothic style. The current tower was built on the foundations of the two original towers. The fourteenth century brought with it a period of development of the city, it being listed in 1376 as the third commercial importance among the Saxon cities. A royal deed from 1387 enshrines the right of Sebeș to build fortress walls, although their construction had probably begun before the middle of the 14th century. It thus becomes, despite its small size, the first city in Transylvania to be completely surrounded by masonry fortifications.

After the union with Romania in December 1918, the first mayor of the city was Lionel Blaga, the brother of the Romanian poet and philosopher Lucian Blaga, who was born in the nearby village of Lancrăm.

Politics and administration

The town's current local council has the following multi-party political composition, based on the results of the ballots cast at the 2020 Romanian local elections:

Economy

Today Sebeș is a city with a dynamic economy, having received in the last decade important foreign investments: wood processing and leather goods manufacturing are the chief domains of the local industry. As of March 2015, the unemployment rate was under 2%, the lowest of any city in Romania at the time.

In April 2016, Daimler AG's subsidiary Star Assembly started producing Mercedes-Benz nine-speed automatic transmissions in Sebeș.

Population

At the 2021 census, Sebeș had a population of 26,490. According to the 1850 census, the population of the city at that time was 8,701 inhabitants in total, with a substantial minority of ethnic Germans. At the 2011 census, Sebeș had 24,165 inhabitants, of which:

• Romanians: 22,551, representing 93.3% (in 1850: 69.4%)
• Romani: 1,168, representing 4.8% (in 1850: 2.7%)
• Germans (Transylvanian Saxons): 261, representing 1.1% (in 1850: 27.0%)
• Hungarians: 131, representing 0.5% (in 1850: 0.47%)
• Others: 52, representing 0.3%

From a confessional point of view, the majority of the inhabitants were Orthodox (80.1%), with a minority of Pentecostals (3.05%). For 11.58% of the population, the confessional affiliation was not known.

Natives

• Franz Binder (1824–1875), Africa explorer.
• Iosif Blaga (1864–1937), literary theorist, aesthetician, priest, politician, and educator.
• Lucian Blaga (1895–1961), philosopher, poet, playwright, poetry translator, and novelist.
• Emil Bömches (1879–1969), sports shooter.
• Anton Crișan (1942–2012), ice hockey player.
• Carl Filtsch (1830–1845), pianist and composer.
• Dan Găldean (born 1974), football player.
• Johann Friedrich Geltch [ro] (1815–1851), Lutheran pastor and writer.
• Sava Henția (1848–1904), painter, decorator and illustrator.
• Friedrich Krasser [ro] (1818–1893), physician and writer.
• Harald Krasser [ro] (1906–1981), writer and translator.
• Georg Friedrich Marienburg [ro] (1820–1881), pastor, local historian, and linguist.
• Vasile Moga (1774–1845), bishop of the Metropolitanate of Karlovci.
• Radu Neguț (born 1981), football player.
• Gheorghe Rășinaru (1915–1994), football player.
• Viktor Roth [ro] (1874–1936), historian and pastor, honorary member of the Romanian Academy.
• Viorel Sima (born 1950), football player.
• Radu Stanca (1920–1962), writer.
• Theobald Streitfeld (1902–1985), local historian.
• Tataee (born 1976), record producer, rapper, and music manager.
• Anneliese Thudt [ro] (1927–2018), dialect researcher and lexicographer.

See also

• Transylvanian Saxons

References

1. "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
2. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
3. "Consiliul Local Sebeș - componență". www.primariasebes.ro (in Romanian). Sebeș city hall. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
4. "Orașul cu cea mai mică rată a șomajului din România". Digi24 (in Romanian). October 1, 2014. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
5. "Daimler starts production of nine-speed automatic transmissions in Romania". evertiq.com. April 7, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
6. "Comunicat de presă privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor – 2011" (PDF). Alba County Regional Statistics Directorate. 2012-02-02. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-04-18. Retrieved 2012-02-14.

External links

• Photos, new and old ones reflecting the Saxon influence and some landscape - BILDER
• All about the city of Sebes.

v t e Alba County, Romania
Cities	Alba Iulia (county seat) Aiud Blaj Sebeș
Towns	Abrud Baia de Arieș Câmpeni Cugir Ocna Mureș Teiuș Zlatna
Communes	Albac Almașu Mare Arieșeni Avram Iancu Berghin Bistra Blandiana Bucerdea Grânoasă Bucium Câlnic Cenade Cergău Ceru-Băcăinți Cetatea de Baltă Ciugud Ciuruleasa Crăciunelu de Jos Cricău Cut Daia Română Doștat Fărău Galda de Jos Gârbova Gârda de Sus Hopârta Horea Ighiu Întregalde Jidvei Livezile Lopadea Nouă Lunca Mureșului Lupșa Meteș Mihalț Mirăslău Mogoș Noșlac Ocoliș Ohaba Pianu Poiana Vadului Ponor Poșaga Rădești Râmeț Rimetea Roșia de Secaș Roșia Montană Sălciua Săliștea Sâncel Sântimbru Săsciori Scărișoara Șibot Sohodol Șona Șpring Stremț Șugag Unirea Vadu Moților Valea Lungă Vidra Vințu de Jos

• Sebeș
• Populated places in Alba County
• Localities in Transylvania
• Cities in Romania