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Raoultella terrigena
Raoultella terrigena colonies after a 48-hour culture on sheep blood agar under aerobic conditions.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Enterobacterales
Family:	Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:	Raoultella
Species:	R. terrigena

Raoultella terrigena is a Gram-negative bacterial species of the genus Raoultella, previously classified in the genus Klebsiella. It has primarily been isolated from soil and water samples, but rarely from humans. Studies have estimated fewer than 1% of healthy people harbor this species. This species has rarely been shown to cause disease in humans despite expressing many of the virulence factors expressed by other Klebsiella species such as Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Phylogenic comparisons between the 16s rRNA and rpoB genes of this and other Klebsiella species have suggested classification into a newer genus, Raoultella, a reclassification that has been adopted.

R. terrigena is considered a factor in melamine toxicity. In culture, R. terrigena was shown to convert melamine to cyanuric acid directly. Rats colonized by R. terrigena showed greater melamine-induced kidney damage compared to those not colonized.

References

1. ^ Drancourt M, Bollet C, Carta A, Rousselier P (May 2001). "Phylogenetic analyses of Klebsiella species delineate Klebsiella and Raoultella gen. nov., with description of Raoultella ornithinolytica comb. nov., Raoultella terrigena comb. nov. and Raoultella planticola comb. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 51 (Pt 3): 925–932. doi:10.1099/00207713-51-3-925. PMID 11411716.
2. Izard D, Ferragut C, Gavini F, Kersters K, De Ley J, Leclerc H (1 April 1981). "Klebsiella terrigena, a new species from soil and water". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 31 (2): 116–127. doi:10.1099/00207713-31-2-116.
3. Neergaard L. "Study Examines Why Most Survived China's Melamine Scare". Food Manufacturing News. Food Manufacturing. Archived from the original on 5 July 2015. Retrieved 22 February 2013.
4. Lekhniuk N, Fesenko U, Pidhirnyi Y, Sękowska A, Korniychuk O, Konechnyi Y (May 2021). "Raoultella terrigena: Current state of knowledge, after two recently identified clinical cases in Eastern Europe". Clinical Case Reports. 9 (5): e04089. doi:10.1002/ccr3.4089. PMC 8123537. PMID 34026135.
5. Podschun R, Fischer A, Ullmann U (August 2000). "Characterization of Klebsiella terrigena strains from humans: haemagglutinins, serum resistance, siderophore synthesis, and serotypes". Epidemiology and Infection. 125 (1): 71–78. doi:10.1017/S0950268899004124. PMC 2869571. PMID 11057961.
6. Euzéby JP. "Results for "raoultella"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature – integrated into the DSMZ’s Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-date (PNU) database.
7. Zheng X, Zhao A, Xie G, Chi Y, Zhao L, Li H, et al. (February 2013). "Melamine-induced renal toxicity is mediated by the gut microbiota". Science Translational Medicine. 5 (172): 172ra22. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3005114. PMID 23408055. S2CID 23408614.

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