Misplaced Pages

Rhipicephalus annulatus
Scanning electron micrograph of a partially engorged female from Ghana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Arachnida
Subclass:	Acari
Superorder:	Parasitiformes
Order:	Ixodida
Family:	Ixodidae
Subfamily:	Rhipicephalinae
Genus:	Rhipicephalus
Species:	R. annulatus
Binomial name
Rhipicephalus annulatus (Say, 1821)
Synonyms
Boophilus annulatus Stiles & Hassall, 1901 Boophilus annulatus affinis Minning, 1934 Boophilus annulatus calcaratus Lahille, 1905 Boophilus balcanicus Minning, 1936 Boophilus bovis Curtice, 1891 Boophilus calcaratus Lahille, 1905 Boophilus calcaratus balcanicus Minning, 1934 Boophilus calcaratus calcaratus Minning, 1934 Boophilus calcaratus hispanicus Minning, 1935 Boophilus calcaratus palestinensis Minning, 1934 Boophilus calcaratus persicus Minning, 1936 Boophilus decoloratus calcaratus Alessandrini, 1917 Boophilus margaropus annulatus Giroud et al., 1963 Boophilus palestinensis Kishida, 1939 Boophilus persicus Kishida, 1939 Boophilus schulzei Minning, 1934 Boophilus (Boophilus) calcaratus balcanicus Minning, 1934 Boophilus (Boophilus) congolensis Minning, 1934 Haemaphysalis rosea Koch, 1844 Ixodes annulatus Say, 1821 Ixodes bovis Riley, 1869 Ixodes calcaratus Birula, 1894 Ixodes dugesi Mégnin, 1880 (misapplied name) Ixodes identatus Gamgee, 1897 Ixodes indentatus Gamgee, 1869 Margaropus annulatus Neumann, 1907 Margaropus annulatus annulatus Neumann, 1911 Margaropus annulatus calcaratus Newstead, Dutton & Todd, 1907 Margaropus annulatus dugesi Castellani & Chalmers, 1919 Margaropus bovis Manson, 1907 Margaropus calcaratus Castellani & Chalmers, 1910 Margaropus dugesi Castellani & Chalmers, 1910 Ornithodoros annulatus Grimaldi, 1934 (misapplied name) Rhipicephalus annulatus Neumann, 1897 Rhipicephalus annulatus calcarata Neumann, 1904 Rhipicephalus annulatus calcaratus Neumann, 1904 Rhipicephalus annulatus dugesi Neumann, 1901 Rhipicephalus bovis Galli-Valerio, 1901 Rhipicephalus calcaratus Birula, 1895 Rhipicephalus decoloratus calcaratus Velu, 1922 Rhipicephalus dugesi Neumann, 1896 Rhipicephalus rosea Salmon & Stiles, 1901 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus Neumann, 1904

Rhipicephalus annulatus, the cattle tick, is a hard-bodied tick of the genus Rhipicephalus. It is also known as North American cattle tick, North American Texas fever tick, and Texas fever tick.

Distribution

It shows a cosmopolitan distribution in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is found in Eritrea, Albania, Algeria, Benin, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Colombia, Congo, Cote D'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Greece, Guam, Guinea, India, Israel, Jordan, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Mexico, Morocco, Nigeria, Portugal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Togo, Tunisia, and Turkey.

Description

The adult has a hexagonally shaped scutum. The male has adanal shields and accessory shields. The anal groove is not distinguishable or absent entirely in the female, and minute in the male.

Parasitism

It is an obligate ectoparasite of domestic mammals such as cattle, horse, sheep, dog. It is a potential vector of many babesiosis pathogens like Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis, and Anaplasma marginale. Its ability to be a vector of babesiosis pathogens was discovered by Theobald Smith and Frederick L. Kilbourne.

Lifecycle

It shows a one-host lifecycle, where all larva, nymphs and adults live in one host. After eggs hatch, larva crawl up vegetation and may be blown away by wind. After they stick on to a host, larvae are found on softer parts of the host's body. They become nymphs and then adults after successive molts on the body of the host. After attaining sexual maturity and copulating, the female detaches from the host and lays eggs on vegetation. The female dies after ovipositing.

Control

Babesiasis is one of the major cattle devastating diseases throughout the world. It reduce the meat production, and dairy products as well. Quarantine is the major method of controlling ticks. Sanitation and frequent check for ticks also taken place. Preparations of Nigella sativa are a good method to control ticks.

References

1. "Species Details : Haemaphysalis minuta Kohls, 1950". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
2. "Species Details : Rhipicephalus annulatus Say, 1821". Catalogue of Life. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
3. ^ Spickler, Anna Rovid (June 2022). "Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus" (PDF). Institute for International Corporation In Animal Biologics. Retrieved 20 March 2024 – via The Center for Food Security & Public Health, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine.
4. "Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus". University of Bristo. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
5. Mullen, Gary Richard; Durden, Lance A. (2019). Medical and veterinary entomology (3rd ed.). London: Academic press, an imprint of Elsevier. pp. 2–3. ISBN 978-0-12-814043-7.
6. Aboelhadid, S. M.; Mahran, H. A.; El-Hariri, H. M.; Shokier, K. M. (2016). "Rhipicephalus annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae) Control by Nigella sativa, Thyme and Spinosad Preparations". Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases. 10 (2): 148–158. PMC 4906754. PMID 27308273.

v t e Acari (ticks and mites)
Acariformes	Oribatida Brachypylina Enarthronota Holosomata Mixonomata Palaeosomata Parhyposomata Sarcoptiformes Endeostigmata Psoroptidia Trombidiformes Prostigmata Sphaerolichida
Parasitiformes	Holothyrida Allothyridae Holothyridae Neothyridae Ixodida (ticks) Argasidae Ixodidae Nuttalliellidae Mesostigmata Monogynaspida Sejina Trigynaspida Opilioacariformes Opilioacaridae

External links

• Rhipicephalus annulatus Overview - Texas Fever Tick
• BOOPHILUS CATTLE TICKS: biology, prevention and control. Boophilus microplus, Rhipicephalus microplus
• Histoarchitecture of the Ovary of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus during Pre- and Postengorgement Period
• Identification and characterization of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus candidate protective antigens for the control of cattle tick infestations
• Identification of four novel Rhipicephalus annulatus upregulated salivary gland proteins as candidate vaccines.
• Distribution of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae) infestations detected in the United States along the Texas/Mexico border.

This article about a mite or tick is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

• Ticks
• Cosmopolitan arachnids
• Arachnids described in 1821
• Ixodidae
• Acari stubs