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Robert Douglass Jr. (1809 – October 26, 1887) was an African-American artist and leading activist from Philadelphia.

Biography

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1809, Robert Douglass Jr. was the son of the abolitionist and community leaders Robert Douglass Sr., from the Caribbean island of St Kitts, and Grace Bustill Douglass, daughter of Cyrus Bustill. His sister was artist and abolitionist Sarah Mapps Douglass; he also had four other siblings.

Douglass Jr. took a leading role in the National Colored Conventions and served as a secretary at the 1855 Convention.

He trained at Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, which rarely admitted black students, and also trained at the Royal Academy of Arts while he was visiting London. A student of Thomas Sully, he went on to mentor his own cousin and fellow artist, David Bustill Bowser.

Douglass taught at the Institute for Colored Youth. An article from 1890 recognised him as a "portrait painter of some merit". He also painted landscapes and is considered Philadelphia's first African-American photographer. Notable works include portraits of abolitionists including William Lloyd Garrison and James Forten in 1834. His commercial business consisted of sign painting and interior decoration. Little of his work survives.

Douglass emigrated to Haiti in 1824, with the support of the Haitian Emigration Society of Philadelphia, an organization created by Richard Allen and Forten. Douglass also migrated to Jamaica in the late 1840s but later returned to Philadelphia.

See also

• African-American upper class

References

1. "Robert Douglass, Jr.," in "Mobility, Migration, and the 1855 Philadelphia National Convention," in "Colored Conventions: Bringing Nineteenth-Century Black Organizing to Life." Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Library, retrieved online February 23, 2019.
2. Winch, Julie, A Gentleman of Color: The Life of James Forten, Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 116.
3. "Robert Douglass, Jr.," in "Mobility, Migration, and the 1855 Philadelphia National Convention," in "Colored Conventions: Bringing Nineteenth-Century Black Organizing to Life," University of Delaware Library.
4. ^ Philadelphia, Library Company of (1996). An African American Miscellany: Selections from a Quarter Century of Collecting, 1970–1995: An Exhibition February 5 Through September 27, 1996. The Library Company of Phil. ISBN 9780914076919.
5. Tanner, Henry Ossawa; Marley, Anna O. (2012). Henry Ossawa Tanner: Modern Spirit. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520270749.
6. Gonzalez, Aston (2014). "The Art of Racial Politics: The Work of Robert Douglass Jr., 1833–46". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 138 (1): 5–37. doi:10.5215/pennmaghistbio.138.1.0005. JSTOR 10.5215/pennmaghistbio.138.1.0005.
7. ^ "Robert Douglass Jr". coloredconventions.org. Archived from the original on August 26, 2017. Retrieved July 20, 2017.

External links

• "Robert M. Douglass, Jr." (memorial). Salt Lake City, Utah: Find A Grave.

• 1809 births
• 1887 deaths
• African-American abolitionists
• African-American artists
• Artists from Philadelphia
• Robeson-Bustill family
• African-American college graduates before 1865
• American emigrants to Haiti