This is a list of the client rulers of Ancient Rome, sectioned by the kingdom, giving the years the ruler was on the throne, and separating Kings and Queens.
Rome's foreign clients were called amici populi Romani (friends of the Roman people) and listed on the tabula amicorum (table of friends). They did not sign treaties or have formal obligations, but entered into alliance (societas) and friendship (amicitia) with Rome, generally in a dependent state.
Client Kings
Pharos
- Demetrius of Pharos c.222- 219 BC.
Colchis
- Aristarchus of Colchis 63-50 BC
Bosporan Kingdom
- Pharnaces 64 BC – 47 BC
- Mithridates I 47 BC – 44 BC
- Asander 47 BC, then 44 BC – 17 BC
- Scribonius 17 BC – 16 BC
- Dynamis with Asander 47 BC, then 44 BC – 17 BC, then with Polemon from 16 BC until her death in 14 BC
- Polemon I 16 BC – 8 BC
- Aspurgus 8 BC – 38 AD
- Rhescuporis I 14 – 42 AD
- Polemon II 38 – 41 AD
- Mithridates II 42 – 46 AD
- Cotys I 46 – 78
- Roman Province 63 – 68
- Rhescuporis II 78 – 93
- Sauromates I 93 – 123
- Cotys II 123 – 131
- Rhoemetalces 131 – 153
- Eupator 154 – 170
- Sauromates II 172 – 210
- Rhescuporis III 211 – 228
- Cotys III 228 – 234
- Sauromates III 229 – 232
- Rhescuporis IV 233 – 234
- Chedosbios 233 – 234 (?)
- Ininthimeus 234 – 239
- Rhescuporis V 240 – 276
- Pharsanzes 253 – 254
- Teiranes 276 – 278
- Sauromates IV 276
- Theothorses 279 – 309
- Rhadamsades 309 – 322
- Rhescuporis VI 314 – 341
Odrysian Kingdom/Sapaeans
- Cotys III (Sapaean) And Rhescuporis II c. 12-18 AD
- Rhoemetalces II c. 19-36 AD
- Rhoemetalces III c. 38-46 AD
Kingdom of Pontus
- Pharnaces II of Pontus 63-47 BC
- Darius of Pontus 37 BC
- Arsaces of Pontus 37-36 BC
- Polemon I of Pontus 36-8 BC
- Polemon II of Pontus 38-62 AD
Kingdom of Emesa
- Sampsiceramus I 63-48 BC
- Iamblichus (phylarch) 48-31BC
- Iamblichus II 20 BC- 14 AD
- Sampsiceramus II 14-42 AD
- Gaius Julius Azizus 42-54 AD
- Sohaemus of Emesa 54-73 AD
- Gaius Julius Alexion 73-78 AD
Kingdom of Judea
- Herod the Great 37-4 BC
- Herod Archelaus (in Judea) 4BC-6 AD
- Philip the Tetrarch (in Batanea) 4BC- 34 AD
- Herod Antipas (in Galilee) 4BC- 39 AD
- Herod Agrippa 37AD-44AD
- Herod Agrippa II 53–100AD
Kingdom of Mauretania
- Juba II 25 BC- 23 AD
- Ptolemy of Mauretania 20-40 AD
Kingdom of Numidia
- Hiempsal II 88-60 BC
Kingdom of Chalcis
- Herod of Chalcis 41-48 AD
- Herod Agrippa II 48-53 AD
- Aristobulus of Chalcis 53-92 AD
Kingdom of Armenia
- Artaxias II 33-20 BC
- Tigranes III 20-10 BC
- Tigranes IV 10-5 BC
- Ariobarzanes II of Atropatene 2 BC- 4 AD
- Artavasdes III of Armenia 4-6 AD
- Tigranes V of Armenia 6-12 AD
- Artaxias III 18-35 AD
- Arsaces I of Armenia 35 AD
- Orodes of Armenia 35 AD
- Mithridates of Armenia 35-37 AD
- Orodes of Armenia 37-42 AD
- Mithridates of Armenia 42-51 AD
- Tiridates I of Armenia 52–58 AD
- Tigranes VI of Armenia ???-???
- Axidares of Armenia 110-113 AD
- Parthamasiris of Armenia 113-114 AD
- Vologases III of Parthia 117-144 AD
- Sohaemus of Armenia 144-161 AD
- Bakur 161-164 AD
- Sohaemus of Armenia 164-186 AD
- Khosrov I of Armenia 198-217 AD
- Tiridates II of Armenia 217-252 AD
- Khosrov III the Small 330-339 AD
- Tiran of Armenia 339-350 AD
- Arshak II 350-368 AD
- Pap of Armenia 370-374 AD
- Varazdat 374-378 AD
- Arshak III and Vologases of Armenia 378-386
- Arshak III 387 AD
Kingdom of Sophene
- Tigranes the Younger 65 BC
- Sohaemus of Emesa 54-73 AD
Kingdom of Gordyene
Kingdom of Cilicia
- Tarcondimotus Philantonois 60s-31 BC
- Philopator I 31-30 BC
- Philopator II 20 BC-17 AD
- Archelaus of Cilicia 17-38 AD
- Antiochus IV of Commagene 38-c. 72 AD
- Gaius Julius Alexander 58-72 AD
Kingdom of Commagene
- Antiochus I of Commagene 70-31 BC
- Mithridates II of Commagene 31-20 BC
- Mithridates III of Commagene 20-12 BC
- Antiochus III of Commagene 12 BC- 17 AD
- Antiochus IV of Commagene 38-72 AD
Kingdom of Cappadocia
- Ariobarzanes III of Cappadocia 51-42 BC
- Ariarathes X of Cappadocia 42-36 BC
- Archelaus of Cappadocia 36 BC- 14 AD
Ethnarchy of Comana
- Archelaus I 63-55 BC
- Archelaus II 55-47 BC
- Lycomedes of Comana 47-31 BC
- Medeius of Comana 31 BC
- Cleon of Gordiucome 31-30 BC
- Dyteutus 30 BC- 34 AD
Kingdom of Galatia
- Deiotarus 62-40 BC
- Brogitarus 58-50 BC
- Amyntas of Galatia 36-25 BC
Parthian Empire
- Parthamaspates of Parthia 116-117 AD
British Tribes
Regni
- Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus 43-80 AD
Trinovantes
- Cunobeline 9-35 AD
Client Queens
This is a list of the client queens of ancient Rome, sectioned by the kingdom, and giving the years the queen was on the throne.
Bosporan Kingdom
Kingdom of Pontus
Odrysian Kingdom
Kingdom of Judea
- Salome I (in Jabneh) 4BC-10 AD
- Mariamne I
- Berenice (daughter of Herod Agrippa)
British Tribes
Brigantes
- Cartimandua 43-69 AD
See also
References
- Howard Hayes Scullard and Andrew William Lintott, "Amicitia", in The Oxford Classical Dictionary, 4th ed. (Oxford University Press, 2012).
- Hammond, p. 257.
- ^ Mitchiner, Michael (1978). The Ancient & Classical World, 600 B.C.-A.D. 650. Hawkins Publications. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-904173-16-1.
- McGonigle, Thomas C.; McGonigle, Thomas D.; Quigley, James F. (1988). A History of the Christian Tradition: From its Jewish Origins to the Reformation Volume 1 of A History of the Christian Tradition. Paulist Press.
- Peters, Francis E. (2005). The Monotheists: Jews, Christians, and Muslims in Conflict and Competition, Volume II: The Words and Will of God The Words And Will of God. Princeton University Press.
- Kasher, Aryeh; Witztum, Eliezer (2007). King Herod: a persecuted persecutor : a case study in psychohistory and psychobiography. Translation by Karen Gold. Walter de Gruyter.
- Roller, Duane W. (2003) The World of Juba II and Kleopatra Selene Routledge (UK)ISBN 0-415-30596-9 p. 74
- "Zarbienus - in ancient sources @ attalus.org". www.attalus.org. Retrieved 2024-08-24.
- Ancient Library, Archelaus no.3&4 Archived 2012-10-12 at the Wayback Machine