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A castellum in Latin is usually:

• a small Roman fortlet or tower, a diminutive of castrum ('military camp'), often used as a watchtower or signal station like on Hadrian's Wall. It is distinct from a burgus, which is a later Latin term that was used particularly in the Germanic provinces.
• a distribution, header and settling tank in a Roman aqueduct or castellum aquae.

It is the source of the English word "castle".

References

1. Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary
2. C. Julius Caesar, Gallic War; 2,30

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