Misplaced Pages

William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Baz Luhrmann
Screenplay by	Craig Pearce Baz Luhrmann
Based on	Romeo and Juliet 1597 play by William Shakespeare
Produced by	Baz Luhrmann Gabriella Martinelli Elsa Hermoso
Starring	Leonardo DiCaprio Claire Danes Brian Dennehy John Leguizamo Pete Postlethwaite Paul Sorvino Diane Venora
Cinematography	Donald M. McAlpine
Edited by	Jill Bilcock
Music by	Nellee Hooper Marius de Vries Craig Armstrong
Production company	Bazmark Productions
Distributed by	20th Century Fox
Release dates	27 October 1996 (1996-10-27) (Mann's Chinese Theatre) 1 November 1996 (1996-11-01) (U.S. & Canada) 26 December 1996 (1996-12-26) (Australia)
Running time	120 minutes
Countries	United States Mexico Australia Canada
Language	English
Budget	$14.5 million
Box office	$147.6 million

William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet (often shortened to Romeo + Juliet) is a 1996 romantic crime film directed, produced, and co-written by Baz Luhrmann. It is a modernized adaptation of William Shakespeare's tragedy of the same name, albeit still utilizing Shakespearean English. The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the title roles of two teenagers who fall in love, despite their being members of feuding families. Brian Dennehy, John Leguizamo, Miriam Margolyes, Harold Perrineau, Pete Postlethwaite, Paul Sorvino and Diane Venora also star in supporting roles. It is the third major film version of the play, following adaptations by George Cukor in 1936 and by Franco Zeffirelli in 1968.

The film was released on November 1, 1996, by 20th Century Fox. It was met with generally positive reviews from critics and grossed over $147 million against its $14.5 million budget. At the 47th Berlin International Film Festival in 1997, DiCaprio won the Silver Bear for Best Actor and Luhrmann won the Alfred Bauer Prize. At the 69th Academy Awards, Catherine Martin and Brigitte Broch were nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration. In 2005, the film was included on the BFI list of the "50 films you should watch by the age of 14".

The film was also re-released in Luhrmann's Red Curtain Trilogy DVD box set in 2002 together with Strictly Ballroom (1992) and Moulin Rouge! (2001).

Plot

In Verona Beach, the Capulets and Montagues are two rival business empires. The animosity of the older generation—Fulgencio and Gloria Capulet and Ted and Caroline Montague—is felt by their younger relatives. A shootout occurs between Montague Benvolio, Romeo's cousin, and Capulet Tybalt, Juliet's cousin, creating chaos in the city. The Chief of Police, Captain Prince, arrests Benvolio and Tybalt before reprimanding the families, warning them that if such an event occurs again, their lives "shall pay the forfeit of the peace".

Benvolio and Romeo learn of a Capulet party that evening, which they decide to gate-crash. Romeo agrees on hearing that Rosaline, with whom he is madly in love, is attending. They meet their friend, Mercutio, who has tickets to the party, and Romeo takes ecstasy as they proceed to the Capulet mansion. The effects of the drug and the party overwhelm Romeo, who goes to the restroom. There he sees and meets Juliet, and the two instantly fall in love, both unaware of who the other is. Tybalt spots Romeo and vows to kill him for trespassing into his family's home.

After Romeo leaves the party, he and Juliet each learn that they belong to feuding families, but Romeo returns to see her. He proposes. Juliet tells him that if he sends word by the following day, they will be betrothed. The next day, Romeo asks Father Laurence to marry them, and he agrees. Romeo passes the word on via Juliet's nurse, and they soon get married.

Tybalt encounters Mercutio and Romeo at the beach. Romeo attempts to make peace, but Tybalt assaults him. Mercutio intervenes and batters Tybalt, and is about to kill him when Romeo stops him. Tybalt takes the opportunity to fatally wound Mercutio, who curses both houses before dying. Enraged, Romeo chases after the fleeing Tybalt and shoots him dead, avenging Mercutio’s death.

Captain Prince banishes Romeo from the city, and he goes into hiding with Father Laurence. The nurse arrives and tells him that Juliet is waiting for him. Romeo climbs Juliet's balcony and they consummate their marriage, with Romeo departing the next morning. Meanwhile, Fulgencio decides Juliet will marry Dave Paris, the governor's son.

The next morning, Gloria informs Juliet that she is to marry Paris, and when Juliet refuses, Fulgencio physically assaults her and threatens to disown her. Juliet runs away and seeks out Father Laurence, imploring him to help her, while threatening to commit suicide. Father Laurence gives her a potion that will let her fake her own death, after which she will be placed within the Capulet vault to awaken 24 hours later. Father Laurence vows to inform Romeo of the plot via overnight letter, whereupon the latter will sneak into the vault and, once reunited with Juliet, the two will escape to Mantua, a remote trailer park in the desert where Romeo has been hiding out. Romeo does not see the delivered letter, however, and, believing Juliet to be dead, buys a vial of poison from an apothecary.

Romeo enters the church where Juliet lies and consumes the poison just as Juliet wakes up. Distraught over Romeo’s death, Juliet picks up his gun and shoots herself in the head, falling down beside his lifeless body. Romeo's body is being taken inside an ambulance with a crowd of spectators and reporters observing the incident from behind the police line, when the parents of both Romeo and Juliet arrive on the scene. Captain Prince approaches their fathers, and berates them both for the deaths of their children that their foolish brawl has caused.

Cast

Natalie Portman had been cast as Juliet but, during rehearsals, it was thought that she looked too young for the part, and the footage looked as though DiCaprio was "molesting" her. Luhrmann stated that Portman was too young at the time, and made DiCaprio look older than intended. He was 21 at the time of filming and Portman was only 14.

After Sarah Michelle Gellar turned down the role due to scheduling conflicts, DiCaprio proclaimed that Danes should be cast, as he felt she was genuine in her line delivery and did not try to impress him by acting flirtatious.

Christian Bale read for the role of Mercutio, but the production crew decided to go with an African-American actor for the role instead.

Differences between the film and the original play

While it retains the original Shakespearean dialogue, the film represents the Montagues and the Capulets as warring mafia empires (with legitimate business fronts) and the Capulets were "a Latin family, sort of," played by Latin-American and Italian actors. It is set in contemporary United States, where swords are replaced by guns (with model names such as "Dagger", "Sword", and "Rapier"), and with a FedEx-style overnight delivery service called "Post Haste".

Some characters' names are also changed: Paris, Lord and Lady Montague, and Lord and Lady Capulet are given first names (in the original, their first names are never mentioned); Friar Laurence becomes Father Laurence; and Prince Escalus is rewritten as the police chief of Verona Beach, being renamed Captain Prince.

The adaptation eliminates the character of Friar John, and some characters change families: in the original, Gregory and Sampson are Capulets, but in the film, they are Montagues; conversely, Abram, as Abra, is shifted from the Montague to the Capulet family.

Production

The film was an international co-production involving principals from the United States, Mexico, Australia, and Canada. After the success of his earlier film Strictly Ballroom (1992), Baz Luhrmann took some time deciding on his next project:

"Our philosophy has always been that we think up what we need in our life, choose something creative that will make that life fulfilling, and then follow that road. With Romeo and Juliet what I wanted to do was to look at the way in which Shakespeare might make a movie of one of his plays if he was a director. How would he make it? We don't know a lot about Shakespeare, but we do know he would make a 'movie' movie. He was a player. We know about the Elizabethan stage and that he was playing for 3000 drunken punters, from the street sweeper to the Queen of England – and his competition was bear-baiting and prostitution. So he was a relentless entertainer and a user of incredible devices and theatrical tricks to ultimately create something of meaning and convey a story. That was what we wanted to do."

Luhrmann obtained some funds from Fox to do a workshop and shoot some teaser footage in Sydney. Leonardo DiCaprio agreed to pay his own expenses to fly to Sydney and be part of it. Once Fox saw footage of the fight scene, they agreed to support it.

All of the development was done in Australia, with pre-production in Australia and Canada and post-production in Australia. While some parts of the film were shot in Miami, most of the film was shot in Mexico City and Boca del Rio, Veracruz. For instance, the Capulet mansion was set at Chapultepec Castle, while the ballroom was built on Stage One of Churubusco Studios; the church exterior was the Templo del Purísimo Corazón de María ("Immaculate Heart of Mary") in the Del Valle neighborhood.

Reception

Box office

The film premiered on November 1, 1996, in the United States and Canada, in 1,276 theaters, and grossed $11.1 million its opening weekend, ranking number one at the US box office. It went on to gross $46.3 million in the United States and Canada.

In Australia, the film opened on Boxing Day and was number one at the Australian box office with a gross of A$3.3 million (US$2.6 million) for the week. It remained number one for a second week and returned to the top in its fourth week. It was the ninth highest-grossing film in Australia for 1997 with a calendar year gross of A$12.9 million. Overall, it has grossed US$12.6 million in Australia and US$147,554,998 worldwide.

Critical response

Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported 74% of 69 critics gave a positive review, with an average rating of 6.8/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "Baz Luhrmann's visual aesthetic is as divisive as it is fresh and inventive." Metacritic gives the film a weighted average score of 60 out of 100 based on 20 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.

James Berardinelli gave the film three out of four stars and wrote, "Ultimately, no matter how many innovative and unconventional flourishes it applies, the success of any adaptation of a Shakespeare play is determined by two factors: the competence of the director and the ability of the main cast members. Luhrmann, Danes, and DiCaprio place this Romeo and Juliet in capable hands."

Conversely, Roger Ebert gave the film a mixed review of only two stars out of four, saying, "I've seen King Lear as a samurai drama and Macbeth as a Mafia story, and two different Romeo and Juliets about ethnic difficulties in Manhattan (West Side Story and China Girl), but I have never seen anything remotely approaching the mess that the new punk version of Romeo & Juliet makes of Shakespeare's tragedy."

Accolades

Romeo + Juliet competed for the Golden Bear at the 47th Berlin International Film Festival, winning the Alfred Bauer Prize for Luhrmann and the Silver Bear for Best Actor for DiCaprio. It received seven nominations at the 51st British Academy Film Awards and won in four categories, including Best Direction and Best Adapted Screenplay. The film received a single nomination for Best Art Direction at the 69th Academy Awards.

Other notable ceremonies where it received much recognition included audience oriented award shows, such as the Blockbuster Entertainment Awards, and the MTV Movie Awards.

American Film Institute recognition

• AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Passions – Nominated

Home media

The film was originally released on DVD on March 19, 2002, by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. A 10th anniversary special edition DVD containing extra features and commentary was released on February 6, 2007, and a Blu-ray edition was released on October 19, 2010.

Retrospective reviews

The film maintains a popular reputation among English teachers, as a means through which to introduce secondary school students to the play. Although not to every critic's taste, the film is now recognised as one of the most influential Shakespeare film adaptations ever made.

Miriam Margolyes, who played the nurse in the film, wrote about her experiences on the film in her 2021 memoir This Much Is True. On her co-star Leonardo DiCaprio, she wrote:

Leonardo has grown into an extremely fine actor but back then he was just a handsome boy who didn't always wash; he was quite smelly in that very male way some young men are. Sometimes he wore a dress. "Leonardo, I think you're gay," I said. He laughed and said, "No Miriam. I'm really not gay." But I was wrong. We filmed in Mexico City, paradise for someone like me who loves fossicking around flea markets and antiques shops, and, like me, Leonardo was into bling in a big way, too. We'd spend hours going through the markets together. I don't know that I've ever had such fun."

She further commented on the chemistry between the film's two leads:

I liked tremendously and admired his work, but luckily I was immune from his groin charms, unlike poor Claire Danes, then only 17. It was obvious to all of us that she really was in love with her Romeo, but Leonardo wasn't in love with her. She wasn't his type at all. He didn't know how to cope with her evident infatuation. He wasn't sensitive to her feelings, was dismissive of her and could be quite nasty in his keenness to get away, while Claire was utterly sincere and so open. It was painful to watch. Many years later, I was in a restaurant and she came up to me and said: "We worked together on a film once, I don't know if you remember me? My name is Claire Danes." It was the opposite of the arrogant behaviour of some stars and so typical of her.

Soundtrack

1. "#1 Crush" – Garbage
2. "Local God" – Everclear
3. "Angel" – Gavin Friday
4. "Pretty Piece of Flesh" – One Inch Punch
5. "Kissing You (Love Theme from Romeo & Juliet)" – Des'ree
6. "Whatever (I Had a Dream)" – Butthole Surfers
7. "Lovefool" – The Cardigans
8. "Young Hearts Run Free" – Kym Mazelle
9. "Everybody's Free (To Feel Good)" – Quindon Tarver
10. "To You I Bestow" – Mundy
11. "Talk Show Host" – Radiohead
12. "Little Star" – Stina Nordenstam
13. "You and Me Song" – The Wannadies

References

1. "William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet (12)". 20th Century Fox. British Board of Film Classification. December 2, 1996. Archived from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved October 10, 2013.
2. "Romeo + Juliet (1996)". shotonwhat.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2021. Retrieved June 6, 2019.
3. "WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE'S ROMEO & JULIET". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved December 9, 2021.
4. "William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved December 9, 2021.
5. ^ "Romeo + Juliet (1996)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on March 3, 2022. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
6. ^ "Berlinale: 1997 Prize Winners". berlinale.de. Archived from the original on December 23, 2019. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
7. ^ "1997 | Oscars.org | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences". www.oscars.org. October 5, 2014. Archived from the original on July 1, 2019. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
8. Packard, Kim. "Considering 'The BFI List of 50 Films You Should Watch by the Age of 14'". MUBI. Archived from the original on January 26, 2018. Retrieved January 24, 2018.
9. Lahr, John (September 9, 2013). "Where do Claire Danes' Volcanic Performances Come From?". New Yorker Magazine. p. 2. Archived from the original on August 19, 2014. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
10. Ryan, James (February 25, 1996). "UP AND COMING: Natalie Portman; Natalie Portman (Not Her Real Name)". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 16, 2009.
11. Ascher-Walsh, Rebecca (September 6, 1996). "Baz Luhrmann's Romeo and Juliet: On set with Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes". Entertainment Weekly.
12. Dowd, Maureen (May 22, 2022). "A Larger-Than-Life Look at a Larger-Than-Life Star". The New York Times. pp. ST10. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 21, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
13. Lahr, John. "Where do Claire Danes' Volcanic Performances Come From?". The New Yorker. Retrieved May 3, 2015.
14. "Why Christian Bale Declared Leonardo DiCaprio His Nemesis". May 21, 2022. Archived from the original on April 28, 2023. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
15. "John Leguizamo Breaks Down His Most Iconic Characters". YouTube. GQ. April 17, 2023. Archived from the original on June 27, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
16. Della Gatta, Carla (2023). Latinx Shakesperes: Staging US Intracultural Theater. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-472-05577-7. Archived from the original on March 21, 2023. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
17. Jacobs, Matthew (November 1, 2016). "The Everlasting Frenzy Of Baz Luhrmann's 'Romeo + Juliet,' 20 Years Later". HuffPost. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
18. Turan, Kenneth (November 1, 1996). "A Full-Tilt 'Romeo'". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
19. ^ O'Brien, Jon (November 1, 2016). "20 things you may not know about Baz Lurhmann's [sic] Romeo + Juliet". Metro. Archived from the original on July 23, 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2019.
20. ^ "Interview with Baz Luhrmann". Signet. December 19, 1996. Archived from the original on February 22, 2013. Retrieved November 19, 2012.
21. "Production Notes". Romeo + Juliet Official Website. Archived from the original on January 26, 1998. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
22. "Romeo + Juliet (1996) - Weekend Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on October 21, 2007. Retrieved October 14, 2007.
23. "International box office". Screen International. January 10, 1997. p. 49. $2,588,927; $1=A$1.26
24. "International box office". Screen International. January 17, 1997. p. 25.
25. "International box office". Screen International. January 31, 1997. p. 31.
26. "Top 50 Films Each Year - 1997". Screen Australia. Archived from the original on September 20, 2022. Retrieved September 19, 2022. Gross 1 January 1997 to 31 December 1997 $12,886,821
27. "William Shakespeare's Romeo & Juliet". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on February 8, 2010. Retrieved October 13, 2007.
28. "Romeo Juliet Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on June 13, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2020.
29. "CinemaScore". CinemaScore. Archived from the original on August 9, 2019. Retrieved September 21, 2021. Each film's score can be accessed from the website's search bar.
30. Berardinelli, James (1996). "Review: Romeo and Juliet (1996)". ReelReviews.net. Archived from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
31. Ebert, Roger. "Romeo + Juliet Movie Review & Film Summary (1996) | Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2017.
32. Hils, Miriam (February 24, 1997). "Berlin jury awards 'Flynt' Golden Bear as fest ends". Variety. Archived from the original on August 2, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
33. ""Monty" Big Winner At BAFTA Awards". IndieWire. April 21, 1998. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
34. Reid, Joe (March 25, 2022). "A Brief History of the Oscars' Love-Hate Relationship With Shakespeare". Vulture. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
35. Fitzpatrick, Eileen (February 1, 1997). "1996 Blockbuster Entertainment Awards Nominees Announced". Billboard. Vol. 109, no. 5. p. 61. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
36. "Film in 1998 | BAFTA Awards". awards.bafta.org. Archived from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
37. ^ Richmond, Ray (April 18, 1997). "Bard Tops MTV List". Variety. Archived from the original on December 5, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
38. Richmond, Ray (June 9, 1997). "Cruise & Danes top MTV nods". Variety. Archived from the original on August 2, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
39. "AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Passions Nominees" (PDF). AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 13, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2016.
40. Rivero, Enrique (March 7, 2002). "Director Luhrmann Is Busy On the DVD Front". hive4media.com. Archived from the original on June 4, 2002. Retrieved September 10, 2019.
41. "'Romeo + Juliet' Blu-ray Announced". High-Def Digest. August 23, 2010. Archived from the original on September 1, 2022. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
42. Fletcher, Harry (April 23, 2020), "The Best Shakespeare Film Adaptations of All Time", Evening Standard, archived from the original on April 24, 2021, retrieved July 9, 2021
43. "Miriam Margolyes: 'Writing my memoir was terrifying. It's quite revealing'". the Guardian. September 19, 2021. Archived from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
44. ^ "Miriam Margoyles recalls asking Leonardo DiCaprio if he was gay". Attitude.co.uk. September 10, 2021. Archived from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
45. "'I think you're gay' Leonardo DiCaprio asked if he was homosexual by Miriam Margolyes ▸ Last News". www.meaws.com (in Russian). September 8, 2021. Archived from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021.
46. "This Much Is True by Miriam Margolyes review – a wickedly honest memoir". the Guardian. September 22, 2021. Archived from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021.

Further reading

• Lehmann, Courtney. "Strictly Shakespeare? Dead Letters, Ghostly Fathers, and the Cultural Pathology of Authorship in Baz Luhrmann's 'William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet'." Shakespeare Quarterly. 52.2 (Summer 2001) pp. 189–221.
• Malone, Toby. Behind the Red Curtain of Verona Beach: Baz Luhrmann's 'William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet' Shakespeare Survey. 65 (1), 2012. pp 398–412.

External links

• Official website at the Wayback Machine (archived December 26, 1996)
• Romeo + Juliet at IMDb 
• Romeo + Juliet at the TCM Movie Database
• Romeo + Juliet at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
• Romeo + Juliet at Box Office Mojo
• Romeo + Juliet at Metacritic
• Romeo + Juliet at Rotten Tomatoes
• Romeo + Juliet Archived March 8, 2021, at the Wayback Machine at Oz Movies

• 1996 films
• 1996 crime drama films
• 1996 romantic drama films
• 1990s American films
• 1990s Australian films
• 1990s Canadian films
• 1990s English-language films
• 1990s Mexican films
• 1990s teen drama films
• 1990s teen romance films
• 20th Century Fox films
• American crime drama films
• American films based on plays
• American romantic drama films
• American teen drama films
• American teen romance films
• Australian crime drama films
• Australian films based on plays
• Australian teen drama films
• Australian romantic drama films
• BAFTA winners (films)
• Canadian crime drama films
• Canadian films based on plays
• Canadian teen drama films
• Canadian romantic drama films
• English-language Canadian films
• English-language Mexican films
• Estudios Churubusco films
• Films based on Romeo and Juliet
• Films directed by Baz Luhrmann
• Films scored by Craig Armstrong (composer)
• Films scored by Marius de Vries
• Films shot in California
• Films shot in Mexico City
• Films shot in Miami
• Films whose director won the Best Direction BAFTA Award
• Films whose writer won the Best Adapted Screenplay BAFTA Award
• Mafia films
• Mexican crime drama films
• Mexican films based on plays
• Mexican romantic drama films
• Modern adaptations of works by William Shakespeare
• Films about poisonings
• Films about suicide
• Romantic crime films
• Teen crime films
• Teen films based on works by William Shakespeare
• English-language crime drama films
• English-language romantic drama films