Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Protein SSX4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSX4 gene .
The product of this gene belongs to the family of highly homologous synovial sarcoma, X (SSX) breakpoint proteins. These proteins may function as transcriptional repressors . They are also capable of eliciting spontaneously humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy . SSX1 , SSX2 and SSX4 genes have been involved in the t(X;18) chromosomal translocation characteristically found in all synovial sarcomas . This translocation results in the fusion of the synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18 to one of the SSX genes on chromosome X . Chromosome Xp11 contains a segmental duplication resulting in two identical copies of synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 4, SSX4 and SSX4B, in tail-to-tail orientation. This gene, SSX4, represents the more telomeric copy. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.
References
^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000268009 – Ensembl , May 2017
^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000023165 – Ensembl , May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
"Mouse PubMed Reference:" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .
^ "Entrez Gene: SSX4 synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 4" .
Further reading
dos Santos NR, de Bruijn DR, van Kessel AG (2001). "Molecular mechanisms underlying human synovial sarcoma development". Genes Chromosomes Cancer . 30 (1): 1–14. doi :10.1002/1098-2264(2000)9999:9999<::AID-GCC1056>3.0.CO;2-G . PMID 11107170 . S2CID 24403558 .
Gure AO, Türeci O, Sahin U, et al. (1997). "SSX: a multigene family with several members transcribed in normal testis and human cancer". Int. J. Cancer . 72 (6): 965–71. doi :10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19970917)72:6<965::AID-IJC8>3.0.CO;2-N . PMID 9378559 . S2CID 21203036 .
Skytting B, Nilsson G, Brodin B, et al. (1999). "A novel fusion gene, SYT-SSX4, in synovial sarcoma" . J. Natl. Cancer Inst . 91 (11): 974–5. doi :10.1093/jnci/91.11.974 . PMID 10359553 .
Chen CH, Chen GJ, Lee HS, et al. (2001). "Expressions of cancer-testis antigens in human hepatocellular carcinomas". Cancer Lett . 164 (2): 189–95. doi :10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00379-2 . PMID 11179834 .
Brodin B, Haslam K, Yang K, et al. (2001). "Cloning and characterization of spliced fusion transcript variants of synovial sarcoma: SYT/SSX4, SYT/SSX4v, and SYT/SSX2v. Possible regulatory role of the fusion gene product in wild type SYT expression". Gene . 268 (1–2): 173–82. doi :10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00412-7 . PMID 11368913 .
Panagopoulos I, Mertens F, Isaksson M, et al. (2001). "Clinical impact of molecular and cytogenetic findings in synovial sarcoma". Genes Chromosomes Cancer . 31 (4): 362–72. doi :10.1002/gcc.1155 . PMID 11433527 . S2CID 41111894 .
de Bruijn DR, dos Santos NR, Kater-Baats E, et al. (2002). "The cancer-related protein SSX2 interacts with the human homologue of a Ras-like GTPase interactor, RAB3IP, and a novel nuclear protein, SSX2IP". Genes Chromosomes Cancer . 34 (3): 285–98. doi :10.1002/gcc.10073 . PMID 12007189 . S2CID 11734893 .
Yang K, Lui WO, Xie Y, et al. (2002). "Co-existence of SYT-SSX1 and SYT-SSX2 fusions in synovial sarcomas" . Oncogene . 21 (26): 4181–90. doi :10.1038/sj.onc.1205569 . PMID 12037676 .
Güre AO, Wei IJ, Old LJ, Chen YT (2002). "The SSX gene family: characterization of 9 complete genes" . Int. J. Cancer . 101 (5): 448–53. doi :10.1002/ijc.10634 . PMID 12216073 . S2CID 21174312 .
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A . 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M . doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932 .
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)" . Genome Res . 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi :10.1101/gr.2596504 . PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334 .
Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, et al. (2005). "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome" . Nature . 434 (7031): 325–37. Bibcode :2005Natur.434..325R . doi :10.1038/nature03440 . PMC 2665286 . PMID 15772651 .
Ayyoub M, Merlo A, Hesdorffer CS, et al. (2005). "CD4+ T cell responses to SSX-4 in melanoma patients" . J. Immunol . 174 (8): 5092–9. doi :10.4049/jimmunol.174.8.5092 . PMID 15814740 .
Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature . 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode :2005Natur.437.1173R . doi :10.1038/nature04209 . PMID 16189514 . S2CID 4427026 .
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