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Safe parking programs provide parking sites where people experiencing homelessness can legally park and stay in their cars overnight. Some safe parking programs provide support services and hire private security guards to make the facility more safe.

Compared with those living in tents and shelters, the so-called mobile homeless are more likely to have jobs or to be actively looking for work, a U.C.L.A. study found. Many lost their homes after being unable to afford rent or their mortgage. But living in a car comes with risks — of burglary, harassment and more. That has led to the creation of safe parking programs, designated places for people living in their vehicles to stay overnight.

Dozens of such lots, often outside of religious centers, have opened across the nation in the past five years, a testament to the severity of the homelessness crisis. California has more safe parking lots than any other state, with more than two dozen from Santa Rosa to San Diego.

California

Santa Barbara County

Santa Barbara’s New Beginnings organization has operated a Safe Parking Program since 2004 in cooperation with local churches, governmental and non-profit agencies, and businesses. This Safe Parking Shelter and Rapid Rehousing Program provides safe overnight parking to individuals and families living in their vehicle.

The program currently manages over 200 spaces in 27 parking lots throughout the cities of Santa Barbara, Goleta, and the neighboring unincorporated areas of the county, according to a report from Kristine Schwarz, New Beginnings's Executive Director. The program now also connects the chronically homeless to shelters and services.

San Diego County

In 2009, the nonprofit organization Dreams for Change established the first congregate-model Safe Parking Program in San Diego, CA. Founder Dr. Teresa Smith, PhD started Dreams for Change to address the rise in first-time homelessness occurring primarily as a result of the Great Recession. Dreams for Change’s Safe Parking programs offer on-site restrooms, charging stations, and case management services. Each individual or household also receives access to workforce training programs, resources to find employment, and support with developing a housing plan.

Dreams for Change has since worked with multiple cities and municipalities across the United States that are looking to replicate Safe Parking in their cities.

In October 2016, Dreams for Change signed the first lease agreement with Jewish Family Services to lease JFS’s main Kearny Mesa campus parking lot to operate a safe parking program at night. In addition to the outdoor safe parking program, Dreams for Change provided case management sessions inside rooms provided by JFS.

In the fall of 2017, in response to the Hepatitis A outbreak happening among the unsheltered people living on the streets, Mayor Kevin Faulconer (R) approached Dreams for Change to expand the Safe Parking Program to the first city-owned site, on Aero Drive in Murphy Canyon. That same year, Dreams for Change and Jewish Family Services entered a partnership with JFS being the fiscal agent of the City Funding and DFC being the sole operator.

In October 2018, Jewish Family Services of San Diego entered a new agreement with San Diego's Mayor Kevin Faulconer to be the city’s partner operator of Safe Parking sites, using the Dreams for Change model.  

Dreams for Change still manages multiple Safe Parking sites in San Diego County, including a safe parking location on Imperial Ave, where they began to pilot the first San Diego hybrid program to include RVs. In 2022, the Dreams For Change safe parking sites served 494 people in 286 vehicles.

Parking spaces in San Diego’s Safe Parking lots are assigned by referral only. Referrals can be direct, through the City of San Diego’s coordinated entry, or through the County’s Homeless Solutions and Equitable Communities outreach teams.

Los Angeles County

In 2017, the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) started a safe parking program that by 2019 had 12 lots with 130 spots, and provides services like portable toilets, food, and social workers, at a cost to the county of $35 per spot per night.

In 2019, when the latest poll showed that 16,500 people were living in their vehicle, the Authority attempted to scale up its program to 300 spots, with requirements that any new lot provide security guards, at least 25 spots, have an empty space between each car, and that each lot be at least 95% capacity every night, for less than $30 per spot per night. The Authority pays about $30 per bed per night for homeless shelters. Churches and community organizations stated that the funding is too low to allow them to cover the costs of the required services, and stated that while $30 per night houses one individual, entire families often live together in one vehicle. This was contrasted to San Diego's program which spends $10 per car per night, but does not employ security guards, and puts vehicles closer together in each lot.

Founded in 2017, Safe Parking LA is now the largest safe parking program in Los Angeles and is the only provider of safe lots exclusively focused on vehicular homelessness. Safe Parking LA operates in San Fernando Valley, Hollywood, Downtown Los Angeles, and West Los Angeles including a program on the Veterans Administration campus.

Other Safe Parking service providers under the LAHSA program umbrella are located across the city as well.

Mountain View

Mountain View operates the largest safe parking program in Santa Clara County in partnership with operator MOVE MV, which manages 7 different parking lots within the Safe Parking Program. MOVE MV began as a small pilot program in 2018. Two churches in Mountain View offered up three spaces in their lots for people living in their RVs and cars. Since then, the program has expanded to a network of nine sites that also includes Palo Alto, with about 130 safe parking spaces available for vehicle dwellers.

Sacramento

In March 2021, Sacramento opened its first two city-sanctioned safe grounds, which offer people experiencing homelessness a place to legally sleep outside in vehicles or tents. The safe parking and safe camping program is called SafeGround and is operated by First Step Communities in partnership with the City of Sacramento.

Other regions

Currently, the congregate model of safe parking (developed by Teresa Smith, PhD, founder of Dreams for Change) is being used in numerous city programs across the country, contributing to the expansion of safe parking options for those in need. Dozens of such sites have opened in the last five years, with new ones across the country opening every few months.

Beaverton, OR.

The organization Just Compassion operates a Safe Parking program that launched in 2019.

Denver, CO.

The Colorado Safe Parking Initiative’s first metro area safe parking pilot site opened in spring 2020, and there are now 13 SafeLots in 5 Metro Denver area counties.

Greensboro, NC.

Greensboro’s “Safe Parking Site,” opened in 2023, is the first free lot in the state for people living in their cars. It has a security guard and it’s directly behind the Interactive Resource Center where anyone can shower, do laundry and meet with caseworkers.

Green Bay, WI.

Wise Women Gathering Place offers a Safe Place Parking program that provides a place to park overnight for people living in their vehicles.

Duluth, MN.

Safe Bay is a secure overnight space for people living in their vehicles. The program was begun in 2023 and is open nightly from April to November. Safe Bay is a collaboration between Chum and Damiano Center, with support from HDC street outreach workers.

See also

References

  1. ^ Kiefer, Francine (2019-07-01). "Car but no home? Safe parking lots spread across West Coast". Christian Science Monitor. Safe parking programs are generally located on the West Coast where weather allows for year-round living in vehicles.
  2. "The People Who Live in Their Cars". Bloomberg.com. 2019-02-11. Retrieved 2024-11-08.
  3. Zeitlin, Matthew (2019-10-11). "Affordable housing is disappearing. So cities are designating parking lots to sleep in". Vox. Retrieved 2024-11-08.
  4. Giamarino, Christopher; Blumenberg, Evelyn; Brozen, Madeline (2024). "Who Lives in Vehicles and Why? Understanding Vehicular Homelessness in Los Angeles". Housing Policy Debate. 34: 25–38. doi:10.1080/10511482.2022.2117990.
  5. Karlamangla, Soumya (2023-10-19). "In California, Safe Parking Lots Offer a Haven for the 'Mobile Homeless'". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  6. Development, Community (2022-06-15). "New Beginnings Safe Parking Program | City of Santa Barbara". santabarbaraca.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-20.
  7. "Local Congressman to introduce bill for Safe Parking Programs". KCBX. 2024-01-26. Retrieved 2024-04-20.
  8. "Safe Parking Shelter and Rapid Rehousing Program | New Beginnings". 2015-10-05. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  9. "Leadership - Dreams For Change". www.dreamsforchange.org. 2023-12-11. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  10. "Safe Parking - Dreams For Change". www.dreamsforchange.org. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  11. Could cars be an alternative to homeless shelters? | Teresa Smith | TEDxSanDiego. Retrieved 2024-04-08 – via www.youtube.com.
  12. "Nonprofits Partner to Shelter San Diego's Homeless in Kearny Mesa". Times of San Diego. 2017-03-13. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  13. "Jewish Family Service and Dreams for Change: Doing Good Deeds Together". San Diego Free Press. 2017-03-15. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  14. Jennewein, Chris (2017-10-16). "City Expands Safe Parking Program for Homeless Living in Cars". Times of San Diego. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  15. "Mayor Faulconer Announces Safe Parking Program for Homeless Individuals & Families Living Out of Their Cars | City of San Diego Official Website". www.sandiego.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  16. "Nonprofit eyes first safe parking lot for homeless living in RVs". San Diego Union-Tribune. 2018-11-27. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  17. "2022 DFC Annual Report Digital" (PDF). Dreams for Change. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  18. "Safe Parking Program | City of San Diego Official Website". www.sandiego.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  19. ^ Sharp, Sonja (2019-06-10). "16,000 people in L.A. now live in cars, vans and RVs. But safe parking remains elusive". Los Angeles Times. Safe parking is not inherently expensive, proponents say. San Diego's nearly decade-old program, Dreams for Change, runs for about $10 per car, per night, said executive director Teresa Smith. "We run a very lean budget," Smith said. The program doesn't employ security guards, and its lots operate at a higher density than the ones in Los Angeles, which must leave an empty space between each car.
  20. "Home". Safe Parking LA. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  21. "5742 - Fy2023-2024 Safe Parking Sites" (PDF). www.lahsa.org. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  22. "Largest Safe Parking Program in Santa Clara County Expands Capacity in Mountain View". City of Mountain View. 2023-06-28. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
  23. "Safe Parking". MOVE Mountain View. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  24. Margaretten, Emily (2024-03-18). "Mountain View celebrates history of safe parking program at fundraising event". Mountain View Voice. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  25. Nichols, Chris. "Sacramento took nearly a year to create a new 'safe ground' homeless shelter. We look at why it takes so long". www.capradio.org. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  26. "SafeGround". FSC. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  27. Callimachi, Rukmini; Fremson, Ruth (2023-10-17). "I Live in My Car". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  28. "Safe Parking Program". Just Compassion. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  29. "Our Story". Just Compassion. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  30. "What We Do". Colorado Safe Parking Initiative. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  31. Pfeifer, Sierra (2024-02-28). "North Carolina's First 'Safe Parking Site' Creates Space for Homeless People in Cars". Chapelboro.com. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  32. "Safe Park". Brown County Homeless & Housing Coalition. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  33. Up, Stepping On. "Safe Bay opens April 17, volunteers needed". Stepping On Up. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
  34. Up, Stepping On. "Stepping On Up". Stepping On Up. Retrieved 2024-04-08.
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