Salmson air-cooled aero-engines

(Redirected from Salmson 9 (air-cooled engine))

Salmson 9

Salmson 9Ad
Type	Radial engine
Manufacturer	Société des Moteurs Salmson
First run	1917

Between 1920 and 1951 the Société des Moteurs Salmson in France developed and built a series of widely used air-cooled aircraft engines.

Design and development

After their successful water-cooled radial engines, developed from 1908 to 1918, Salmson changed their focus to air-cooling to reduce weight and increase specific power (power per unit weight). The majority of the engines produced by Salmson were of radial type with a few other arrangements such as the Salmson T6.E. In common with other engines produced by this manufacturer, the air-cooled radial engines featured the unorthodox Canton-Unné internal arrangement that dispensed with a master rod in favour of a cage of epicyclic gears driving the crankpin. Production ended in 1951 with the liquidation of the manufacturing company.

British Salmson

The 3,7 and 9 cylinder Salmsons were license-built in Great Britain, during the 1920s and 1930s, by the British Salmson engine company as the British Salmson AD.3, British Salmson AC.7, British Salmson AC.9, and British Salmson AD.9.

Salmson post-WWI engines

In common with several other French aero-engine manufacturers Salmson named their engines with the number of cylinders then a series letter in capitals followed by variant letters in lower-case. Engines not included in the 1932 table which follows are listed here:

3AD: 9 kW (12 hp) at 1800 rpm rated
5Ac: 90 kW (120 hp)
5Ap-01: 60 kW (80 hp)
5Aq-01: 65 kW (87 hp)
6Ad
6Af
6TE: 130 kW (170 hp) inline engine
6TE.S: 130 kW (170 hp) inline engine
7Ac: 70 kW (94 hp)
7Aq: 100 kW (130 hp)
7M
7Om
8As: Argus As 10 inline engine
9Ac: 30 kW (40 hp)
9AB: 150 kW (200 hp) at 1500 rpm rated
9ABa: 210 kW (280 hp)
9ABc: 170 kW (230 hp)
9Az: 220 kW (300 hp) at 1500 rpm rated
9A2c: 180 kW (240 hp)
9M: 89 kW (120 hp)
9Nd: 130 kW (175 hp)
9Ne: 130 kW (170 hp)
9Ng: 150 kW (200 hp)
9Nh: 150 kW (200 hp)
9P: 70 kW (94 hp)
9Y
11B
12C: 190 kW (250 hp) W-12 engine
18Z: 450 kW (600 hp)
Salmson-Szydlowski SH18: 18 cylinder air-cooled 2-stroke radial

Salmson air-cooled engines available in 1932 are listed here

Name	Type	Bore	Stroke	Capacity	Power	Weight
7AC	7-cyl radial	100 mm (3.94 in)	130 mm (5.12 in)	7.150 L (436.3 cu in)	78 kW (105 hp) at 1,800 rpm	130 kg (290 lb)
9AB	9-cyl radial	125 mm (4.92 in)	170 mm (6.69 in)	18.765 L (1,145.1 cu in)	190 kW (250 hp) at 1,700 rpm	265 kg (584 lb)
9AC	9-cyl radial	100 mm (3.94 in)	130 mm (5.12 in)	9.189 L (560.7 cu in)	97 kW (130 hp) at 1,800 rpm	170 kg (370 lb)
9AD	9-cyl radial	70 mm (2.76 in)	86 mm (3.39 in)	2.979 L (181.8 cu in)	34 kW (45 hp) at 2,000 rpm	68 kg (150 lb)
9ADb	9-cyl radial	70 mm (2.76 in)	86 mm (3.39 in)	2.979 L (181.8 cu in)	41 kW (55 hp) at 2,200 rpm	74 kg (163 lb)
9ADr	9-cyl radial	70 mm (2.76 in)	86 mm (3.39 in)	2.979 L (181.8 cu in)	48 kW (65 hp) at 2,700 rpm	79 kg (174 lb)
9NA	9-cyl radial	140 mm (5.51 in)	160 mm (6.30 in)	22.140 L (1,351.1 cu in)	250 kW (330 hp) at 1,800 rpm	292 kg (644 lb)
9NAs	9-cyl radial	140 mm (5.51 in)	160 mm (6.30 in)	22.140 L (1,351.1 cu in)	340 kW (450 hp) at 1,800rpm	315 kg (694 lb)
9NC	9-cyl radial	100 mm (3.94 in)	140 mm (5.51 in)	9.900 L (604.1 cu in)	110 kW (150 hp) at 1,800 rpm	155 kg (342 lb)
9NCt	9-cyl radial	100 mm (3.94 in)	140 mm (5.51 in)	9.900 L (604.1 cu in)	130 kW (170 hp) at 1,800 rpm	165 kg (364 lb)
18AB	18-cyl 2-row radial	125 mm (4.92 in)	180 mm (7.09 in)	39.761 L (2,426.4 cu in)	410 kW (550 hp) at 1,700 rpm	450 kg (990 lb)
18ABs	18-cyl 2-row radial	125 mm (4.92 in)	180 mm (7.09 in)	39.761 L (2,426.4 cu in)	480 kW (650 hp) at 1,700 rpm	465 kg (1,025 lb)

Applications

Nine cylinder engines

9AB

9AC

9AD

9AG

Morane-Saulnier MS.406

9AZ

Farman F.90

9NC

9ND

9NE

Lioré-et-Olivier LeO C.301

9NH

SNCASE SE-3110

9NM

SNCASE Alouette I

Seven cylinder engines

7AC

Five cylinder engines

5Ap

Jodel D.123

5Aq

5AC

Specifications (9 Ab)

Data from Tsygulev

General characteristics

Type: Nine-cylinder single-row supercharged air-cooled radial engine
Bore: 125 mm (4.92 in)
Stroke: 170 mm (6.69 in)
Displacement: 18.765 L (1,145 in³)
Length: 1,000 mm (39.37 in)
Diameter: 1,180 mm (46.46 in)
Dry weight: 265 kg (584 lb)

Components

Valvetrain: Two overhead valves per cylinder
Supercharger: Single-speed centrifugal type supercharger
Fuel system: Zenith 42D carburetor
Cooling system: Air-cooled

Performance

Power output: 191 kW (256 hp) at 1,780 rpm for takeoff
Specific power: 10.18 kW/L (0.22 hp/in³)
Compression ratio: 5:1
Specific fuel consumption: 328 g/(kW•h) (0.54 lb/(hp•h))
Oil consumption: 19 g/(kW•h) (0.49 oz/(hp•h))
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.72 kW/kg (0.44 hp/lb)

Notes

Gunston 1986, p. 158.
"Fai Record File". Archived from the original on 2014-04-13. Retrieved 2014-04-12.
^ Salmson 1927 advert
"Les Moteurs d'aviation Salmson". L'Aérophile: 33–34. 1–15 January 1924.
Hartmann, Gerard. "LA SOCIETE DES MOTEURS SALMSON" (PDF). hydroretro.net (in French). p. 13. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
Tsygulev (1939). Aviacionnye motory voennykh vozdushnykh sil inostrannykh gosudarstv (Авиационные моторы военных воздушных сил иностранных государств) (in Russian). Moscow: Gosudarstvennoe voennoe izdatelstvo Narkomata Oborony Soyuza SSR. Archived from the original on 2009-03-24.

References

Gunston, Bill (1986). World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens. p. 152.
Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6.
Cuny, Jean. "Latécoère - Les Avions et Hydravions".Paris. Docavia/Editions Lariviere. 1992. ISBN 2-907051-01-6