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Sanya 三亚市
Prefecture-level city
City of Sanya
Phoenix IslandSanya BayA tram in Old CityTianya HaijiaoGuanyin of NanshanHaitang Bay
Location of Sanya City jurisdiction in Hainan
SanyaLocation of the city centre in Hainan
Coordinates (Sanya municipal government): 18°15′12″N 109°30′13″E / 18.25333°N 109.50361°E / 18.25333; 109.50361
Country	China
Province	Hainan
Government
• CPC Municipal Secretary	Jiang Sixian
Area
• Prefecture-level city	1,919.58 km (741.15 sq mi)
• Urban	1,919.58 km (741.15 sq mi)
• Metro	1,315.3 km (507.8 sq mi)
Population
• Prefecture-level city	1,031,396
• Density	540/km (1,400/sq mi)
• Urban	1,031,396
• Urban density	540/km (1,400/sq mi)
• Metro	801,020
• Metro density	610/km (1,600/sq mi)
GDP
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 83.5 billion US$ 12.9 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 79,100 US$ 12,261
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	572100
Area code	0898
ISO 3166 code	CN-HI-02
Licence plate prefixes	琼B
Website	sanya.gov.cn

Sanya
"Sanya" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Simplified Chinese	三亚
Traditional Chinese	三亞
Postal	Samah
Literal meaning	Third below the second
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Sānyà Wade–Giles San-ya IPA Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Sāam-aa Jyutping Saam-aa IPA Southern Min Hainanese Romanization Tâ-ⁿa

Sanya is the southernmost city on Hainan Island, and one of the four prefecture-level cities of Hainan Province in South China.

According to the 2020 census, the total population of Sanya was 1,031,396 inhabitants, living in an area of 1,919.58 km (741.15 sq mi). Nevertheless, its built-up (or metro) area encompassing Haitang and Jiyang Districts was home to 801,020 inhabitants as of 2020.

The city is renowned for its tropical climate and has emerged as a popular tourist destination, also serving as the training site of the Chinese national beach volleyball team. Sanya is home to small concentrations of Utsul people. Sanya is also the location of Yulin Naval Base, a major military facility on the South China Sea which is home to the People's Liberation Army Navy ballistic nuclear missile fleet.

History

Known in ancient times as Yazhou, postal romanization: Aichow (崖州), literally "cliff state or prefecture", Sanya's history dates to the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE). Due to its remoteness from the political centers during the Qin dynasty, Sanya was sometimes called Tianya Haijiao (天涯海角), meaning "the end of the sky and ocean" or "the end of the earth". As a result, the city served as a place of exile for officials who found themselves out of favor with the country's rulers.

During the Tang dynasty, a Buddhist monk accidentally landed here, using the site as a staging post on his missionary journey to Japan.

20th century

In 1912, Yazhou became Yaxian (Yai-hsien) (崖县; postal: Aihsien).

In 1958, administration of Yaxian relocated from Yacheng to Sanya and Yaxian merged with Baoting, Lingshui, Niulou, and Xinglong, Wanning, to become a large county. In 1959 and 1961, these areas were separated to establish Baoting and Lingshui while Yaxian County remained in its current prefecture. Approved by the State Council of China, Yaxian was upgraded to Sanya City on 26 September 1987 and Sanya City was officially established on 30 December 1987.

In 2007, the Beijing Olympic Organizing Committee announced that the city of Sanya would become the first leg of the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay in China.

Geography

Sanya lies at the southern tip of Hainan Island on Sanya Bay. Located at 18° 15' N latitude, Sanya is–after Sansha (also administered by Hainan Province)–the second-southernmost prefecture-level city nationally. Though the administrative area (Sanya City) has a rough topography, the city itself is generally flat, lying on a parcel of land between low-level mountains to the north and the South China Sea.

The city is one of the many coastal cities in China most at risk due to rapidly rising sea levels.

Climate

The area has a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen Aw), featuring hot weather all year around. Monsoonal influences are strong, with a relatively lengthy wet season and a pronounced dry season. The coolest month is January, with an average high temperature of 26.9 °C (80.4 °F), while the hottest, unlike much of the rest of China, is June, with an average high temperature of 32.5 °C (90.5 °F); the mean annual high temperature is 30.2 °C (86.4 °F). Water temperatures remain above 22 °C (72 °F) year-round.

Since meteorological records began, the average annual temperature in Sanya has warmed in fluctuations. Taking 2023 as an example, the average annual temperature in Sanya is 27.0 °C (80.6 °F), 0.5 °C higher than the average from 1991 to 2020, with the average temperature of the coldest month (January) being 22.2 °C (72.0 °F) and the hottest month (June) being 29.9 °C (85.8 °F).

Subdivisions

Before 30 July 2014, there was direct jurisdiction over four county-level districts and two township-level subdistricts (乡级管理区; xiāngjí guǎnlǐqū), six towns (镇; zhèn) and four state-run farms in Sanya City. Now there are four districts in Sanya.

Map
Jiyang Tianya Haitang Yazhou
District	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010 census)	Area (km)	Density (/km)
Jiyang	吉阳区	Jíyáng Qū	257,061	372	691.02
Tianya	天涯区	Tiānyá Qū	269,935	944	285.94
Haitang	海棠区	Hǎitáng Qū	76,562	255	300.24
Yazhou	崖州区	Yázhōu Qū	160,000	347	460.10

Tourism

In recent years Sanya has become a popular tourist destination. Numerous international five star hotel chains are now established in the area. In 2009, the luxury Mandarin Oriental, Sanya hotel opened in the Dadong Hai area, the first Mandarin Oriental property on Hainan Island. There are now over 100 hotels, ranging from international brands to locally managed resorts.

Russian and English signs can be seen throughout the city. In response to claims of over-charging of tourists (whether foreign or Chinese) at restaurants in the city, Hainan government officials and Sanya city officials have vowed to crack down on the practice. The Sanya Industrial and Commercial Bureau has implemented a real-time information system of the city's seafood restaurants during the May Day holiday for public supervision in order to stop any future price gouging by restaurants.

Sanya also hosts the Guanyin of Nanshan, that is located within the Nanshan Temple (Sanya).

Nature reserves of Yalong Bay Tropical Paradise Forest Park (亚龙湾热带 天堂森林公园) and Sanya Coral Reef National Nature Reserve (三亚珊瑚礁国家级自然保护区) are located nearby Yalong Bay, and Yalong Bay National Tourism Holiday Resort was created. In recent years, as the waters of Sanya Bay and others below mentioned are becoming clearer and healthier, several species of dolphins, including endangered Chinese white dolphins, appear along the coasts from time to time. However, they have not been considered as targeted tourism attractions.

Transportation

The city is served by Sanya Phoenix International Airport. Taxis are available throughout the city.

Buses from other parts of Hainan serve Sanya's bus terminal. The No. 8 bus connects the airport to Dadonghai Beach. From there tourists can take the 24 or 25 bus to Yalong Bay or the 28 bus to Haitang Bay. There is also a free bus from Luhuitou Square to the Duty-Free Shopping Center at Haitang Bay, the largest such center in China.

Hainan East Ring Intercity Rail

The Hainan East Ring Intercity Rail links Sanya and Haikou and runs along the east coast of Hainan Island. There are 15 stations in between, either in operation or still under construction. Trains are designed to travel at 250 km/h (160 mph). Travel time from Sanya to Haikou is approximately 1 hour and 22 minutes. The Hainan Western Ring High-Speed Railway, running along the west coast of the province also links Sanya to Haikou.

Tram

Sanya's tram service began trial operation on 7 January 2019. Trams are composed of five carriages with a maximum seating capacity of 362 people. In built up and urbanised areas, the maximum speed of the tram is 50 km/h. The current tram route begins at Sanya Railway Station and finishes at Jiangang Road Station, which is currently the southernmost railway station in China. Full operation of the first line started on 10 October 2020.

Economics & Social services

Hospitals

There are a total of 54 hospitals in Sanya as of March 2019, both public hospitals funded by the state and private hospitals. There are also numerous clinics for doing annual health-checks, which are usually brands of national chains in China, such as Ciming Healthcheck.

Hainan 301 Hospital, a branch hospital of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, is located in the Haitang Bay area of Sanya. The hospital possesses a substantial number of state-of-the-art equipment for medical and research purposes which include a Da Vinci surgical system, different MIR system (including 1.5T MRI 3.0T MRI), Helical CT facilities (including 128-Slices CT), medical linear accelerator and electronic microscopes which are worth more than 450 million yuan. The hospital has 500 patient beds, and a total of 74 clinical, medical and nursing departments.

Sanya Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (三亚市中医院) is located on Fenghuang Road. It is a grade-A tertiary hospital offering medical care, education, research, healthcare services and International Chinese Medicine exchange and cooperation.

Medical tourism

The Sanya area of Hainan offers a free trade port offering opportunities for overseas service providers to enter the local market, and it is actively developing its commercial health services industry to promote medical tourism. A pilot project was approved by the People's Republic of China State Council in 2013 called the Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Zone, also known by 2024 as Boao Hope City, as the only medical tourism special zone in China. Specialist medical services as well as specially licensed drugs are available in the zone. The importation of medical technologies and equipment, or drugs approved for marketing outside of China but not yet approved in China, may be used in the pilot zone with special approval of state authorities. The zone is likewise available for trials and testing. Lecheng received approximately 300,000 medical tourists in 2023, and also served some 28,000 persons who reside in the zone.

Education

Colleges and universities

Sanya University (三亚学院) Located at Xueyuan Rd., Yingbin Ave. Sanya Hainan 572022. Sanya University is an independent undergraduate university. The university has fourteen schools: Social Development, Law, Finance and Economics, Management, Tourism Management, Humanities and Communication, Arts, Foreign Languages, Engineering, Physical Education, General Education & Foundation Courses, International Tourism, International Education and Music, and other, and offers 56 undergraduate majors.

Qiongzhou University (琼州大学) is located at 1 Yucai Road. The only public university located in Sanya, Qiongzhou is actively pursuing more foreign enrollments, hoping to attract Chinese tourism and language students to the city. Courses offered to international students are: elementary Chinese, intermediate Chinese, advanced Chinese (listening, speaking, reading and writing), English, Russian (listening, speaking, reading and writing), Chinese calligraphy and painting, Chinese martial arts, Chinese history, studies of Li and Miao Cultures, tourism and recreational management, and music performance.

Primary and secondary schools

The city government states on its website that "Being the second-largest city in Hainan, the education in Sanya is relatively better than the average level in Hainan Province" but that the kindergartens are not as good as those in major Chinese cities and that the primary and secondary schools are still below the Chinese national average.

According to the city government, Primary schools No.7 and No.9 are the best in the city and that Bayi Primary School "is also of good quality". The city government identifies the best lower secondary (junior high school) and upper secondary (senior high school) institutions as Sanya Shiyan Middle School and Sanya No.1 High School, respectively.

The International School of Sanya (formerly Canadian International School of Sanya) is the first school to offer two programs: Canadian and Mandarin, in Hainan. The school has announced its relocation to the BanShanBanDao -Serenity Coast (半山半岛) residential area in August 2014, where the new campus will offer pre-K. day students and boarding facilities for students.

Events

The city has hosted:

• Boao Forum for Asia Annual high level forums for world leaders focused on the Asian region and its stakeholders.
• 2014 WTTC Global Summit Keynote speakers: Kofi Annan, Jeffrey Katzenberg, Dame DeAnne Julius, Yao Ming
• 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race Leg 4 Start to Auckland
• 2011 BRICS summit
• Elite Model Look in 2008 and 2009
• Miss World contest in 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2010, 2015, 2017 and 2018
• Mister World contest in 2007
• World's Strongest Man contest in 2006 and 2013
• 2012 Sanya International Beach Musical Festival
• 2013 ITF Women's Circuit – Sanya
• 2014–15 Volvo Ocean Race In-port race and Leg 4 Start to Auckland
• FIA Formula E Sanya ePrix from 2019
• 2020 Asian Beach Games

Sister cities

Country	City	Date
United States	Alhambra, California	1994.10.05
Philippines	Lapu-Lapu	1997.07.19
France	Cannes	1997.11.17
South Korea	Seogwipo	2008.04.04
Mexico	Cancún	2010.08.10
Russia	Khabarovsk	2011.11.28
United Kingdom	Blackpool	2016.09.06
Malaysia	George Town, Penang	2017
Croatia	Dubrovnik	2013

Gallery

• Sanya Sunset
• Setting Sun at Sanya Beach
• East part of Sanya
• Sanya River
• Beach Scene
• Sunset at Sanya Bay
• A hotel in Sanya
• Sanya Bay Beach
• A street corner

Notes

1. Chinese: 三亚; also spelled Samah

References

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2. (in Chinese) Compilation by LianXin website. Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China Archived 2012-04-06 at the Wayback Machine
3. "Sanya history". Sanya Municipal Network Information Center. 2009. Archived from the original on 10 March 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2013.
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6. https://www.livescience.com/what-places-disappear-rising-sea-levels
7. Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007). Updated Asian Map of the Köppen climate classification system. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633-1644.
8. 三亚城市介绍 (in Chinese (China)). Weather China. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 27 May 2011.
9. ^ "Weather archive in Sanya Phoenix (Airport), METAR". Archived from the original on 7 February 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
10. "Experience Template" CMA台站气候标准值(1991-2020). Archived from the original on 4 April 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
11. 1981年-2010年（三亚）月平均气温和降水 (in Simplified Chinese). National Meteorological Center of CMA. Archived from the original on 21 November 2022. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
12. 三亚 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Archived from the original on 13 April 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
13. d.o.o, Yu Media Group. "Sanya, China - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas. Archived from the original on 9 July 2019. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
14. Fauna (2 February 2012). "Sanya Restaurants Ripping Off Customers, Fleecing Tourists". chinasmack.com/. Archived from the original on 13 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
15. Yiming, Huang; Dan, He. "Hainan vows to stop price gouging". China Daily. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
16. 2016. 海南海洋生态保护良好，成为大型珍稀海洋动物的“乐园”. hnfjz.com. Archived from the original on 5 March 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
17. 三亚凤凰岛海域出现海豚成群嬉戏美景. people.com.cn Hainan. 22 June 2016. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
18. "Sanya City Trams Have Started Their Trial Runs-Hellosanya". www.hellosanya.com. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2020.
19. "haikoutour.gov: Hainan 301 Hospital". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
20. "Sanya Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital". Archived from the original on 10 July 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
21. "Boao Hope City: trailblazing medical tourism in Hainan through preferential policies". daxueconsulting.com. 8 November 2024.
22. "Hainan's Free Trade Port: Medical Tourism and the Development of Boao Lecheng Pilot Zone". hktdc.com. 8 November 2024.
23. "China to axe drug, device import tariffs in Hainan pilot zone to aid medical tourism". scmp.com. 8 November 2024.
24. "Home". sanyau.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
25. "Home". qzu.edu.cn. Archived from the original on 17 February 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2022.
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27. "Comprehensive News — Coming Soon". Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
28. "Haitang Bay Gloria Sanya appointed as sponsor hotel for 2012 Sanya Int'l Beach Musical Festival". whatsonsanya.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
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30. "Sanya City 2020 Asian Beach Games". www.insidethegames.biz. 12 December 2018. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
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32. "Sister Cities". City of Dubrovnik. Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 15 August 2024.

External links

• Guanyin of the South Sea of Sanya article — with pictures, author confuses "Buddha" and "Guanyin".
• Whatsonsanya.com: News, travel, business and cultural guide to Sanya and Hainan Province

v t e County-level divisions of Hainan
Haikou (capital)
Prefecture-level cities	Haikou Longhua Meilan Qiongshan Xiuying Sanya Jiyang Tianya Haitang Yazhou Sansha Xisha District Zhongsha* Nansha District Danzhou v t e Danzhou Chengqu Area* Nada town Heqing town Nanfeng town Dacheng town Yaxing town Lanyang town Guangcun town Dongcheng town Binhai Area* Sandou Subdistrict Mutang town Haitou town Eman town Wangwu town Baimajing town Zhonghe town Paipu town Xingzhou town * Not a formal administrative subdivision
Provincial administered	County-level cities Wuzhishan city Qionghai city Wenchang city Wanning city Dongfang city Counties Ding'an County Tunchang County Chengmai County Lingao County Autonomous counties Baisha County Changjiang County Ledong County Lingshui County Baoting County Qiongzhong County
Township-level divisions of Hainan Politics of Hainan

v t e Prefecture-level divisions of China
Notes: *Provincial capitals, ★Sub-provincial cities, ☆Sub-provincial autonomous prefecture *Sub prefectural-level divisions, ✧"Comparatively larger city [zh]" (较大的市) as approved by the State Council
Provinces Anhui *Hefei Wuhu Bengbu Huainan Ma'anshan Huaibei Tongling Anqing Huangshan Chuzhou Fuyang Suzhou Lu'an Bozhou Chizhou Xuancheng Fujian *Fuzhou ★Xiamen Putian Sanming Quanzhou Zhangzhou Nanping Longyan Ningde Gansu *Lanzhou Jiayuguan Jinchang Baiyin Tianshui Wuwei Zhangye Pingliang Jiuquan Qingyang Dingxi Longnan Linxia (Hui) Gannan (Tibetan) Guangdong *★Guangzhou ★Shenzhen Shaoguan Zhuhai Shantou Foshan Jiangmen Zhanjiang Maoming Zhaoqing Huizhou Meizhou Yangjiang Shanwei Heyuan Qingyuan Dongguan Zhongshan Jieyang Yunfu Guizhou *Guiyang Liupanshui Zunyi Anshun Bijie Tongren Qianxinan (Buyei and Miao) Qiannan (Buyei and Miao) Qiandongnan (Miao and Dong) Hainan *Haikou Sanya Danzhou Sansha *Wuzhishan *Qionghai *Wenchang *Wanning *Dongfang *Ding'an County *Tunchang County *Chengmai County *Lingao County *Baisha County (Li) *Changjiang County (Li) *Ledong County (Li) *Lingshui County (Li) *Baoting County (Li and Miao) *Qiongzhong County (Li and Miao) Hebei *Shijiazhuang ✧Tangshan Qinhuangdao Handan Xingtai Baoding Zhangjiakou "Kalgan" Chengde Cangzhou Langfang Hengshui Henan *Zhengzhou Kaifeng Luoyang Pingdingshan Anyang Hebi Xinxiang Jiaozuo Puyang Xuchang Luohe Sanmenxia Nanyang Shangqiu Xinyang Zhoukou Zhumadian *Jiyuan Hubei *★Wuhan Huangshi Shiyan Yichang Xiangyang Ezhou Jingmen Xiaogan Jingzhou Huanggang Xianning Suizhou Enshi (Tujia and Miao) *Xiantao *Qianjiang *Tianmen *Shennongjia Forestry District Heilongjiang *★Harbin Qiqihar Jixi Hegang Shuangyashan Daqing Yichun Jiamusi Qitaihe Mudanjiang Heihe Suihua Daxing'anling Prefecture Hunan *Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan Hengyang Shaoyang Yueyang Changde Zhangjiajie Yiyang Chenzhou Yongzhou Huaihua Loudi Xiangxi (Tujia and Miao) Jilin *★Changchun Jilin Siping Liaoyuan Tonghua Baishan Songyuan Baicheng Yanbian (Korean) Jiangsu *★Nanjing Wuxi Xuzhou Changzhou ✧Suzhou Nantong Lianyungang Huai'an Yancheng Yangzhou Zhenjiang Taizhou Suqian Jiangxi *Nanchang Jingdezhen Pingxiang Jiujiang Xinyu Yingtan Ganzhou Ji'an Yichun Fuzhou Shangrao Liaoning *★Shenyang ★Dalian Anshan Fushun Benxi Dandong Jinzhou Yingkou Fuxin Liaoyang Panjin Tieling Chaoyang Huludao Qinghai *Xining Haidong Haibei (Tibetan) Huangnan (Tibetan) Hainan (Tibetan) Golog "Guolog" (Tibetan) Yushu (Tibetan) Haixi "Qaidam" (Mongol and Tibetan) Sichuan *★Chengdu Zigong Panzhihua Luzhou Deyang Mianyang Guangyuan Suining Neijiang Leshan Nanchong Meishan Yibin Guang'an Dazhou Bazhong Ziyang Ya'an Ngawa "Aba" (Tibetan and Qiang) Garzê "Ganzi" (Tibetan) Liangshan (Yi) Shaanxi *★Xi'an Tongchuan Baoji Xianyang Weinan Yan'an Hanzhong Yulin Ankang Shangluo Shandong *★Jinan ★Qingdao Zibo Zaozhuang Dongying Yantai Weifang Jining Tai'an Weihai Rizhao Linyi Dezhou Liaocheng Binzhou Heze Shanxi *Taiyuan Datong Yangquan Changzhi Jincheng Shuozhou Jinzhong Yuncheng Xinzhou Linfen Lüliang Taiwan *Taibei Gaoxiong Xinbei Taizhong Tainan Taoyuan Yunnan *Kunming Qujing Yuxi Baoshan Zhaotong Lijiang Pu'er Lincang Chuxiong (Yi) Honghe (Hani and Yi) Wenshan (Zhuang and Miao) Xishuangbanna (Dai) Dali (Bai) Dehong (Dai and Jingpo) Nujiang (Lisu) Dêqên (Tibetan) Zhejiang *★Hangzhou ★Ningbo ✧Wenzhou Jiaxing Huzhou Shaoxing Jinhua Quzhou Zhoushan Taizhou Lishui Autonomous regions Guangxi *Nanning Liuzhou Guilin Wuzhou Beihai Fangchenggang Qinzhou Guigang Yulin Baise Hezhou Hechi Laibin Chongzuo Ningxia *Yinchuan Shizuishan Wuzhong Guyuan Zhongwei Inner Mongolia *Hohhot ✧Baotou Wuhai Chifeng "Ulankhad" Tongliao Ordos Hulunbuir Bayannur "Bayannao'er" Ulanqab Hinggan League Xilingol League Alxa League "Ālāshàn League" Xinjiang *Ürümqi Karamay Turpan Hami Changji (Hui) Bortala (Mongol) Bayingolin (Mongol) Kizilsu (Kyrgyz) ( ☆Ili (Kazakh) Tacheng Prefecture Altay Prefecture ) Aksu Prefecture Kashgar "Kashi" Prefecture Hotan Prefecture *Shihezi *Aral *Tumxuk *Wujiaqu *Beitun *Tiemenguan *Shuanghe *Kokdala *Kunyu *Huyanghe *Xinxing Tibet *Lhasa Shigatse "Xigazê" Chamdo "Qamdo" Nyingchi "Linzhi" Shannan Nagqu Ngari Prefecture
Direct-administered municipalities Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Chongqing Special administrative regions Hong Kong Macau
See also: List of prefectures in China, List of cities in China

• Sanya
• Cities in Hainan
• Prefecture-level divisions of Hainan