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Scopula ternata
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Geometridae
Genus:	Scopula
Species:	S. ternata
Binomial name
Scopula ternata Schrank, 1802
Synonyms
Phalaena ternata Schrank, 1802 Scopula aequicerata Träff, 1965 Acidalia commutaria Boisduval, 1840 Idaea commutata Freyer, 1832 Acidalia fumata Stephens, 1831 Acidalia gypsaria Boisduval, 1840 Acidalia nitidaria Boisduval, 1840 Cabera saltuata Speyer, 1839 Larentia simplaria Freyer, 1852

Scopula ternata, the smoky wave, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It was described by Franz von Paula Schrank in 1802. It is mainly found in northern and parts of central Europe and in isolated populations in southern and south-eastern Europe. Its western range is eastern France, eastern Belgium and Scotland, with an isolated population in the Pyrenees. In the north its range extends to the polar regions and in the south it is found up to the Alps. Its eastern range extends through central and northern Russia up to the Ural, through Siberia up to the Yenisei River.

The wingspan is 24–29 millimetres (0.94–1.14 in) for males and 21–25 millimetres (0.83–0.98 in) for females. The base color is pale brown to pale yellowish with grey dusting. Usually the males are more intensely dusted than the females. The cross-lines are developed with little contrast. The inner transverse line is often almost completely extinguished. The middle band and outer transverse line, on the other hand, are usually present, the outer transverse line is usually the most strongly developed. Rarely is also the wavy line pronounced, the marginal line can be indicated in the female by interrupted stripes. Discal spots are missing on the front and rear wings. See also Prout.

The egg is approximately cylindrical with flattened ends. The outside has 17 to 18 longitudinal ribs, which intersect with finer cross ribs. It is initially light yellow and later stained red.

The caterpillar is relatively long and slender, and has a lateral skin fold. It is reddish-grey and has a double, dark but interrupted dorsal line. It is slightly wider in the segment incisions. Furthermore, a wide sideline is very striking.

The moth flies from May to July in the warmer regions and from June to August in Northern Europe.

The larva preferably feeds on Vaccinium myrtillus, Vaccinium uliginosum, Calluna vulgaris, Lathyrus niger, Salix repens and Erica. Less frequently, they have been recorded on Lonicera tatarica, Stellaria, Polygonum aviculare, Fragaria vesca, Lactuca sativa and Taraxacum officinale.

References

1. Sihvonen, Pasi (April 1, 2005). "Phylogeny and classification of the Scopulini moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Sterrhinae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 143 (4): 473–530. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00153.x.
2. Hausmann, A., 2004 - The Geometrid Moths of Europe, vol. 2 (Sterrhinae). Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 500 pp. & 22 colour pls.
3. Prout, L. B. (1912–16). Geometridae. In A. Seitz (ed.) The Macrolepidoptera of the World. The Palaearctic Geometridae, 4. 479 pp. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart.pdf This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

External links

• Smoky wave on UKMoths
• Fauna Europaea
• Lepiforum e.V.
• Savela, Markku. "Scopula ternata (Schrank, 1802)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved June 9, 2019.

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• Scopula
• Moths described in 1802
• Moths of Europe
• Moths of Asia
• Taxa named by Franz von Paula Schrank
• Scopula stubs