Misplaced Pages

Shōwa正和
March 1312 – February 1317
Tsuina mask depicting an oni, dated to 1313.
Location	Japan
Monarch(s)	Emperor Hanazono
Chronology Ōchō Bunpō

Part of a series on the
History of Japan
Periods Paleolithic 35,000–14,000 BC Jōmon 14,000–1000 BC Yayoi 1000 BC – 300 AD Kofun 300–538 AD Asuka 538–710 Nara 710–794 Heian Former Nine Years' War Later Three-Year War Genpei War 794–1185 Kamakura Jōkyū War Mongol invasions Genkō War Kenmu Restoration 1185–1333 Muromachi Nanboku-chō period Sengoku period 1336–1573 Azuchi–Momoyama Nanban trade Imjin War Battle of Sekigahara 1573–1603 Edo (Tokugawa) Tokugawa shogunate Invasion of Ryukyu Siege of Osaka Sakoku Perry Expedition Convention of Kanagawa Bakumatsu Meiji Restoration Boshin War 1603–1868 Meiji Ryūkyū Disposition Invasion of Taiwan (1874) Satsuma Rebellion First Sino-Japanese War Treaty of Shimonoseki Triple Intervention Invasion of Taiwan (1895) Colonization of Taiwan Boxer Rebellion Russo-Japanese War Treaty of Portsmouth Japan–Korea Treaty Colonization of Korea 1868–1912 Taishō World War I Intervention in Siberia Great Kantō earthquake 1912–1926 Shōwa Militarism Financial crisis Nanking incident Mukden Incident Invasion of Manchuria May 15 incident February 26 incident Anti-Comintern Pact Tripartite Pact Second Sino-Japanese War World War II Attack on Pearl Harbor Pacific War Atomic bombings Soviet–Japanese War Surrender of Japan Occupation of Japan Postwar Japan Anpo protests Economic miracle Asset price bubble 1926–1989 Heisei Lost Decades Great Hanshin earthquake Cool Japan Tōhoku earthquake Imperial transition 1989–2019 Reiwa COVID-19 pandemic Abe assassination Noto earthquake 2019–present
Topics Capital punishment Currency Earthquakes Economy Era names Education Empire Foreign relations Geography Historiography Religion Buddhism Christianity Islam Judaism Shinto Military Naval Politics Post-war Science and technology Sports World Heritage Sites
Glossary History Timeline
v t e

Shōwa (正和) or Medieval Showa was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, lit. "year number") after Ōchō and before Bunpō. This period spanned the years from March 1312 through February 1317. The reigning emperor was Hanazono-tennō (花園天皇).

Etymology

The era name is derived from the Old Book of Tang, a Classical Chinese work composed in AD 941–945. The first character is shō (正), meaning "proper, straight, true", while 和 (wa) means "peace," and may also pun on Wa (倭), an ancient name for Japan. The era name is pronounced like the Shōwa era of 1926–1989, but that era name is written with the character 昭 ("illustrious") for shō.

Change of era

• 1311 Shōwa gannen (正和元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Ōchō 2.

Events of the Shōwa era

Initially, former-Emperor Fushimi administered the court up through the time he took the tonsure as a Buddhist monk.

• 1313 (Shōwa 2, 10th month): Retired Emperor Fushimi shaved his head and became a Buddhist monk; and the power to administer the court of reigning Emperor Hanazono shifted to his adopted son, former-Emperor Go-Fushimi.
• 1314 (Shōwa 3, 11th month): Hōjō Sadaaki ended his role at Rokuhara Tandai in Kyoto; and he returned to Kamakura.
• 1315 (Shōwa 4, 7th month): Hōjō Hirotoki dies in Kamakura; and initially, Hōjō Sadaaki and Hōjō Mototoki share power.
• 1315 (Shōwa 4, 10th month): Hōjō Tokiatsu assumes the role of Rokuhara Tandai in the capital city.
• 1316 (Shōwa 5, 7th month): Hōjō Tokiatsu, who is the son of Hōjō Sadaaki, takes on the role of Shikken; and Hōjō Mototoki retires to a Buddhist monastery where he shaves his head.

Notes

1. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Shōwa" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 888, p. 888, at Google Books; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, see Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File Archived 2012-05-24 at archive.today.
2. Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 278-280; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. pp. 239-243.
3. "The Stupid Way: Zazen Notes II - right posture". April 5, 2008.
4. Guo, Rongxing (May 16, 2018). Human-Earth System Dynamics: Implications to Civilizations. Springer. ISBN 9789811305474 – via Google Books.
5. "Collections Online | British Museum". www.britishmuseum.org.
6. "War Responsibility and Historical Memory: Hirohito's Apparition". The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus.
7. Varley, p. 241.
8. Titsingh, p. 279.
9. ^ Titsingh, p. 280.

References

• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection

This article about a Japanese era name is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

• Japanese eras
• 1310s in Japan
• 14th-century neologisms
• Japanese era stubs