The Shikshashtakam (IAST: Śikṣāṣṭakam) is a 16th-century Gaudiya Vaishnava Hindu prayer of eight verses composed in the Sanskrit language. They are the only verses left personally written by Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486 – 1534) with the majority of his philosophy being codified by his primary disciples, known as the Six Goswamis of Vrindavan. The Shikshashtakam is quoted within the Chaitanya Charitamrita, Krishnadasa Kaviraja Goswami's biography of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, written in Bengali. The name of the prayer comes from the Sanskrit words Śikṣā, meaning 'instruction', and aṣṭaka, meaning 'consisting of eight parts', i.e., stanzas. The teachings contained within the eight verses are believed to contain the essence of all teachings on Bhakti yoga within the Gaudiya tradition.
Text
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The first eight verses of the following are the complete text of the Shikshashtakam, as written in Sanskrit by Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. They are found in Krishnadasa Kaviraja's Sri Chaitanya Charitamrita (Antya-līlā, chapter 20, verses 12, 16, 21, 29, 32, 36, 39 and 47). The final verse is a Bengali quotation from Sri Chaitanya Charitamrita, Antya-līlā 20.65 - it is not part of the actual Shikshashtakam, but is often appended to the end when it is recited, describing the result of reciting the Shikshashtakam faithfully.
Verse 1
ceto-darpaṇa-mārjanaṁ bhava-mahā-dāvāgni-nirvāpaṇaṁ
śreyaḥ-kairava-candrikā-vitaraṇaṁ vidyā-vadhū-jīvanam
ānandāmbudhi-vardhanaḿ prati-padaṁ pūrṇāmṛtāsvādanaṁ
sarvātma-snapanaṁ paraṁ vijayate śrī-kṛṣṇa-saṅkīrtanam
चेतो-दर्पण-मार्जनं भव-महा-दावाग्नि-निर्वापणं
श्रेयः-कैरव-चन्द्रिका-वितरणं विद्या-वधू-जीवनम्
आनन्दाम्बुधि-वर्धनं प्रति-पदं पूर्णामृतास्वादनं
सर्वात्म-स्नपनं परं विजयते श्री-कृष्ण-सङ्कीर्तनम्
Translation
Literal:
Glory to the Shri Krishna sankirtana (congregational chanting of the Lord's holy names), which cleanses the heart of all the dust accumulated for years and extinguishes the fire of conditional life, of repeated birth and death. That sankirtana movement is the prime benediction for humanity at large because it spreads the rays of the benediction moon. It is the life of all transcendental knowledge. It increases the ocean of transcendental bliss, and it enables us to fully taste the nectar for which we are always anxious.
Verse 2
nāmnām akāri bahudhā nija-sarva-śaktis
tatrārpitā niyamitaḥ smaraṇe na kālaḥ
etādṛśī tava kṛpā bhagavan mamāpi
durdaivam īdṛśam ihājani nānurāgaḥ
नाम्नामकारि बहुधा निज-सर्व-शक्तिस्
तत्रार्पिता नियमितः स्मरणे न कालः
एतादृशी तव कृपा भगवन्ममापि
दुर्दैवमीदृशमिहाजनि नानुरागः ॥२॥
Translation
Literal: In your (divine) names manifested various kinds of full potencies (shaktis) therein bestowed, with no rules according to time for remembering them, O Lord, you are so merciful, but it is my misfortune here that I have no anuraga (interest) in those names.
Verse 3
tṛṇād api sunīcena
taror api sahiṣṇunā
amāninā mānadena
kīrtanīyaḥ sadā hariḥ
तृणादऽपि सुनीचेन
तरोरऽपि सहिष्णुना
अमानिना मानदेन
कीर्तनीयः सदा हरिः ॥३॥
Translation
Literal:
One should chant the holy name of the Lord in a humble state of mind, feeling oneself lower than the straw in the street. One should be more tolerant than a tree, devoid of all sense of false prestige, and ready to offer all respect to others. In such a state of mind, one can chant the holy name of the Lord constantly.
Verse 4
na dhanaḿ na janaḿ na sundarīḿ
kavitāḿ vā jagadīśa kāmaye
mama janmani janmanīśvare
bhavatād bhaktir ahaitukī tvayi
न धनं न जनं न सुन्दरीं
कवितां वा जगदीश कामये
मम जन्मनि जन्मनीश्वरे
भवताद् भक्तिर् अहैतुकी त्वयि ॥४॥
Translation
Literal:
No wealth, no followers, no beauty or poetic praise desire I; in birth after birth let there be devotion unmotived unto thee o ishvara.
Alternatively:
O Lord of the Universe, I do not desire wealth, followers, beautiful women, nor the flowery language of the vedas; let me have only causeless devotion to you, birth after birth.
Verse 5
ayi nanda-tanūja kińkaraḿ
patitaḿ māḿ viṣame bhavāmbudhau
kṛpayā tava pāda-pańkaja-
sthita-dhūlī-sadṛśaḿ vicintaya
अयि नन्द-तनुज किङ्करं
पतितं मां विषमे भवाम्बुधौ
कृपया तव पाद-पङ्कज-
स्थित-धूली-सदृशं विचिन्तय ॥५॥
Translation
Literal:
O son of Nanda (Krishna), I am Your eternal servant, yet somehow I have fallen into the ocean of birth and death. Please consider me as a particle of dust at Your lotus feet.
Verse 6
nayanaṁ galadaśrudhārayā vadanaṁ gadagadaruddhayā girā. pulakairnicitaṁ vapuḥ kadā tava nāma-grahaṇē bhaviṣyati
नयनं गलदश्रुधारया वदनं गदगदरुद्धया गिरा। पुलकैर्निचितं वपुः कदा तव नाम-ग्रहणे भविष्यति॥६॥
Translation
Literal:
O Lord, when will my eyes be filled with tears of love flowing incessantly as I chant Your holy names? When will my voice choke up, and when will the hairs of my body stand on end at the recitation of Your name?
Verse 7
yugāyitaḿ nimeṣeṇa
cakṣuṣā prāvṛṣāyitam
śūnyāyitaḿ jagat sarvaḿ
govinda-viraheṇa me
युगायितं निमेषेण
चक्षुषा प्रावृषायितम्
शून्यायितं जगत्सर्वं
गोविन्द-विरहेण मे ॥७॥
Translation
Literal:
A moment seems like an eternity, tears flow from my eyes like torrents of rain, and the whole world feels empty in Your absence, O Govinda (Krishna).
Verse 8
āśliṣya vā pāda-ratāḿ pinaṣṭu mām
adarśanān marma-hatāḿ karotu vā
yathā tathā vā vidadhātu lampaṭo
mat-prāṇa-nāthas tu sa eva nāparaḥ
आश्लिष्य वा पाद-रतां पिनष्टु माम्
अदर्शनान्मर्म-हताम् करोतु वा
यथा तथा वा विदधातु लम्पटो
मत्प्राण-नाथस्तु स एव नापरः ॥८॥
Translation
Literal:
Let Krishna tightly embrace this maidservant who has fallen at His feet, or let Him trample me or break my heart by not appearing before me. He is a debauchee after all and can do whatever He likes, but He is still none other than the worshipable Lord of my heart.
Extra verse
This verse follows the 8 verses written by Chaitanya in Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta:
prabhura ‘śikṣāṣṭaka’-śloka yei paḍe, śune kṛṣṇe prema-bhakti tāra bāḍe dine-dine
Translation
If anyone recites or hears these eight verses of instruction by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, their ecstatic love and devotion (prema-bhakti) for Kṛṣṇa increases day by day.
See also
References
- Satsvarupa, Dasa Goswami (2005). "Gaura Purnima - Sri Siksastakam - Reflections". www.iskcon.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
- Gaudiya.com "Sri Chaitanya is not known to have written anything but a series of verses known as the Siksastaka, the eight verses of instruction. He requested a select few among his followers, who later came to be known as the Six Goswamis of Vrindavan, to systematically present in their writings the theology of bhakti he had taught."
- CC-Al 6.239 "One who thinks himself lower than grass, who is more tolerant than a tree, and who does not expect personal honor but is always prepared to give respect to others can very easily always chant the holy name of the Lord."
- http://vedabase.com/cc/antya/20/12/en
- "Ceto Darpana Marjanam".
- "Sri Caitanya Caritamrta Antya-lila Chapter 20 Verse 65". Archived from the original on 2010-06-21. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
- https://vedabase.io/en/library/cc/antya/20/65/
External links
- Sikshashtaka: Lord Chaitanya's Mission Archived 2008-08-18 at the Wayback Machine (vedabase.net)
- Shikshashtakam / शिक्षाष्टकं in English and Devanagari
- "Sri Siksastakam". www.iskcon.com. Archived from the original on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2010-06-12.