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Siculeni

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Commune in Harghita, Romania
Siculeni Madéfalva
Commune
Memorial of the SiculicidiumMemorial of the Siculicidium
Location in Harghita CountyLocation in Harghita County
Siculeni is located in RomaniaSiculeniSiculeniLocation in Romania
Coordinates: 46°25′N 25°45′E / 46.417°N 25.750°E / 46.417; 25.750
CountryRomania
CountyHarghita
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Csaba Szentes (UDMR)
Area39.39 km (15.21 sq mi)
Elevation699 m (2,293 ft)
Population2,511
 • Density64/km (170/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code537295
Area code+(40) 266
Vehicle reg.HR
Websitewww.madefalva.ro

Siculeni (Hungarian: Madéfalva, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The Siculicidium took place here.

The commune is composed of a single village, Siculeni. In 2004, four villages broke off to form Ciceu and Racu Communes.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the commune had a population of 2,711; of these, 94.46% were Hungarians and 5.49% Romanians. At the 2021 census, Siculeni had 2,511 inhabitants, of which 90.68% were Hungarians, 3.82% Romanians, and 1.15% Roma.

History

The mystical addition

The village was part of the Székely Land region of the historical Transylvania province.

Its Hungarian name was first recorded in 1567 in the form of Amadeffalwa (Amadé's village), and in 1602 the village was already mentioned in a shortened form as Madéfalva, which became the name of the village. Later, until 1899 the official name of the city was Csík-Mádéfalva. The Romanian form of its name was Madefalău; the authorities renamed it for the current official name after 1919.

The Siculicidium, or the Massacre at Madéfalva of January 7, 1764 took place here. Some 200 Székely were killed by Maria Theresa's Habsburg army as the local Székely Hungarians refused to join as recruits the newly organized borderguard regiments. Following the massacre, a great number of Székely people began to flee the region, crossing the Carpathian Mountains into Bukovina and Moldavia. The massacre's Latin name is Siculicidium, traditionally written as SICVLICIDIVM. A monument in memory of the massacre was erected on October 8, 1905.

The village administratively belonged to Csíkszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when it fell within the Csík County in the Kingdom of Hungary. In the aftermath of World War I and the Hungarian–Romanian War of 1918–1919, it passed under Romanian administration; after the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, like the rest of Transylvania, it became part of the Kingdom of Romania. During the interwar period, Siculeni fell within plasa Centrală in Ciuc County. In 1940, the Second Vienna Award granted Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the commune was held by Hungary until September 1944. The territory of Northern Transylvania remained under Soviet military administration until March 9, 1945, after which it became again part of Romania. Between 1952 and 1960, Siculeni fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, Romania administration was organized in 42 counties, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.

The commune used to comprise several villages, but since 2004 the village of Ciceu (Csicsó) forms an independent commune with the village of Ciaracio (Csaracsó). The village of Racu (Csíkrákos) along with the village of Satu Nou (Göröcsfalva) also forms an independent commune.

See also

References

  1. "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  2. "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. "Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
  4. János András Vistai, Tekintő – Erdélyi Helynévkönyv [Transylvanian Toponym Book] (PDF), p. 637
  • Monument of the Siculicidium Monument of the Siculicidium
  • Székely gate Székely gate
  • Church interior Church interior
  • The village on 18th century map The village on 18th century map
Harghita County, Romania
Cities Coat of arms of Harghita County
Towns
Communes
Localities which belonged to the First Székely Infantry Regiment from 1762 till 1851
1st Company
Dispunerea companiilor in judeţul Harghita
Dispunerea companiilor in judeţul Harghita
2nd Company
3rd Company
4th Company
5th Company
6th Company
7th Company
8th Company
9th Company
10th Company
11th Company
12th Company
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