The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is a multiscalar drought index based on climatic data. It was developed by Vicente-Serrano et al. (2010) at the Institute Pirenaico de Ecologia in Zaragoza, Spain. It can be used for determining the onset, duration and magnitude of drought conditions with respect to normal conditions in a variety of natural and managed systems such as crops, ecosystems, rivers, water resources, etc.
The SPEI accounts not only for precipitation deficit but also for the role of the increased atmospheric evaporative demand on drought severity. Evaporative demand is particularly dominant during periods of precipitation deficit. The SPEI calculation requires long-term and high-quality precipitation and atmospheric evaporative demand datasets. These can be obtained from ground stations or gridded data based on reanalysis as well as satellite and multi-source datasets.
Datasets
Globally, the SPEIbase and Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) drought index datasets are available at a relatively coarse spatial resolution. The SPEIbase is available at 0.5° resolution calculated from the Climatic Research Unit precipitation and potential evapotranspiration datasets. The GPCC drought index provides SPEI datasets at a 1.0° spatial resolution for limited timescales (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 48 months).
Inputs to SPEI datasets can include high-resolution potential evapotranspiration (PET) from the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) and hourly Potential Evapotranspiration (hPET). GLEAM is a set of algorithms designed to calculate actual evaporation, PET, evaporative stress, and root-zone soil moisture.
Classification
| Value | classification |
|---|---|
| 2.0 or more | Extremely Wet |
| 1.5 to 1.99 | Very Wet |
| 1.0 to 1.49 | Moderate Wet |
| -0.99 to 0.99 | Normal |
| -1.0 to -1.49 | Moderate Dry |
| -1.5 to -1.99 | Very Dry |
| -2.0 or less | Extremely Dry |
See also
References
- Svoboda, Mark D.; Fuchs, Brian A. (2017-09-25), "Handbook of Drought Indicators and Indices*", Drought and Water Crises, Second edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2018. | 1st edition published in 2005.: CRC Press, pp. 155–208, doi:10.1201/b22009-11, ISBN 978-1-315-26555-1, retrieved 2023-05-18
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link) - Vicente-Serrano S.M.; Santiago Beguería; Juan I. López-Moreno (2010). "A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index". Journal of Climate. 23 (7): 1696–1718. Bibcode:2010JCli...23.1696V. doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2909.1. S2CID 3826822.
- Stagge, J. H.; Tallaksen, L. M.; Xu, C. Y.; Van Lanen, H. A. (2014). "Standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI): Sensitivity to potential evapotranspiration model and parameters". Hydrology in a changing world. IAHS-AISH Proceedings and Reports. Vol. 363. pp. 367–373. ISBN 9781907161414.
- Tirivarombo, S.; Osupile, D.; Eliasson, P. (2018). "Drought monitoring and analysis: standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and standardised precipitation index (SPI)". Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C. 106: 1–10. Bibcode:2018PCE...106....1T. doi:10.1016/j.pce.2018.07.001. S2CID 134507763.
- ^ Gebrechorkos, Solomon H.; Peng, Jian; Dyer, Ellen; Miralles, Diego G.; Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.; Funk, Chris; Beck, Hylke E.; Asfaw, Dagmawi T.; Singer, Michael B.; Dadson, Simon J. (2023). "Global high-resolution drought indices for 1981–2022". Earth System Science Data. 15 (12): 5449–5466. Bibcode:2023ESSD...15.5449G. doi:10.5194/essd-15-5449-2023. hdl:10754/693396. ISSN 1866-3516.
Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
- Hayes, Michael J. (2006-10-13), "Drought Indices", Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., doi:10.1002/0471743984.vse8593, ISBN 0471743984, retrieved 2023-05-18
External links
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