Misplaced Pages

Stellispongiida

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Order of sponges

Stellispongiida
Temporal range: Permian–Miocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Peronidella sp. (family Stellispongiidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Israel
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Porifera
Class: Calcarea
Order: †Stellispongiida
Finks & Rigby, 2004
Subgroups

see text.

Stellispongiida is an order of calcareous sponges, most or all of which are extinct. Stellispongiids are one of several unrelated sponge groups described as "inozoans", a name referring to sponges with a hypermineralized calcitic skeleton independent from their spicules. Stellispongiids have a solid skeleton (without chambers) encasing calcite spicules arranged in trabeculae (column-like structures). "Inozoans" and the similar "sphinctozoans" were historically grouped together in the polyphyletic order Pharetronida.

Stellispongiids survived from the Permian to the Cenozoic, at least up to the Miocene Epoch. They comprised the majority of "inozoan" diversity in the Cretaceous Period, though their distribution was mostly restricted to Europe. The Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (2004) places the living sponge family Lelapiidae within Stellispongiida, though Systema Porifera (2002) places Lelapiidae within the order Leucosolenida.

Subgroups

References

  1. ^ Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part E, Revised. Porifera, Volume 3: Classes Demospongea, Hexactinellida, Heteractinida & Calcarea, xxxi + 872 p., 506 fig., 1 table, 2004, available here. ISBN 0-8137-3131-3.
  2. ^ Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part E, Revised. Porifera, Volumes 4 & 5: Hypercalcified Porifera, Paleozoic Stromatoporoidea & Archaeocyatha, liii + 1223 p., 665 figs., 2015, available here. ISBN 978-0-9903621-2-8.
  3. Borojevic, Radovan; Boury-Esnault, Nicole; Manuel, Michaël; Vacelet, Jean (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Order Leucosolenida Hartman, 1958", Systema Porifera, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1157–1184, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_120, ISBN 978-0-306-47260-2, retrieved 2023-04-27
  4. Manuel, Michael; Borchiellini, Carole; Alivon, Eliane; Le Parco, Yannick; Vacelet, Jean; Boury-Esnault, Nicole (2003-06-01). Kjer, Karl (ed.). "Phylogeny and Evolution of Calcareous Sponges: Monophyly of Calcinea and Calcaronea, High Level of Morphological Homoplasy, and the Primitive Nature of Axial Symmetry". Systematic Biology. 52 (3): 311–333. doi:10.1080/10635150390196966. ISSN 1076-836X.
Taxon identifiers
Stellispongiida
Categories: