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Sumru

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Sumru
GenderFemale
Origin
Word/nameArabic
MeaningThe highest part of something; peak; summit
Region of originMiddle East
Other names
Related namesSamru, Sombre, Sommer, Sumroo, Sumr, and Egemen (in Azerbaijani)

Sumru is an Arabic-origin word which refers to the highest part of something; peak or summit.

Historical use

A leading Arab-origin Christian figure in the 18th and 19th century India was named Sumru. Her husband, Walter Reinhard, who was a German adventurer, was also known as Sumru along with other similar names such as Samru, Sombre, Sommer and Sumroo.

Modern use

Sumru is a given name used for females in Turkey. The version of Sumru in Azerbaijani language is the name of Egemen. The word is also used as a family name in Pakistan.

People with the name include:

Given name

Surname

Variants

The word, sumr, in the colloquial Levantine Arabic is the plural form of the color term, asmar, which means "brown". An Egyptian Shafii scholar, Al Suyuti, used the word with the meaning of "black", another color term: Nuzhat al-Umr fī al-Tafdīl Bayna al-Bīd wa al-Sumr (1931; "The Recreation of Life on Preferentialism between the White and the Black in Complexion" in English). However, in Egyptian Arabic, sumr (ﺳـُﻤﺮ) is the plural form of masculine asmar and feminine samra, and refers to dark skin and brunette. In this sense, the word refers to personal attributes and appearance. In a similar vein, the word is the plural form of masculine asmar and feminine samra in Classical Yemeni Arabic which refers to again personal characteristics, but with a different meaning, "yellowish person". Another Arab scholar Al Dimashqī used the word sumra or dark brown to describe the peoples of Arabia.

Sumr was also employed in Old Norse as an adjective which means "any". It is a variant of the Proto-Germanic suma- which is the original form of the current English determiner and adverb some. In the latter function it refers to "to a certain degree or extent" and in the former function "certain unknown or unspecified". This variant, Sumr (سمر in Urdu), is used as a male given name in Urdu. In addition, it was a Jewish feminine given name in the Middle Ages with the meaning of dark brown.

In object-oriented analysis and design, SUMR which is pronounced "summer" is the abbreviation of Simple Use case Markup-Restructured. It refers to a simple plain text markup language which produces documents that are easily converted into XML, HTML and other formats. The same abbreviation also stands for Satellite User Mapping Register.

References

  1. ^ "Sumru". Turkish Language Association. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  2. Hovhannes I. Pilikian (10 February 2012). "Powerful Turkish Cinematic Condemnation". Keghart. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  3. Begum Sumru The Church of Basilica Retrieved 19 October 2013
  4. Ranajit Guha; Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak (1988). Selected Subaltern Studies. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 137. ISBN 9780195052893.
  5. "About the German Adventurer Walter Reinhard". REG. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  6. "Sumru". Guzel Isimler. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  7. "What is the meaning of the name, Sumru?". Dictionary of names (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  8. ^ "Chronology: Pakistan". The Middle East Journal. 50 (2). Spring 1996. JSTOR 4328928.
  9. Leslie J. McLoughlin (1999). Colloquial Arabic (Levantine). London: Routledge. p. 108. ISBN 978-0415000734.
  10. Talib Ghaffari (7 January 2011). "Writings of Imam Jalaluddin al-Suyuti". Maktabah Mujaddidiyah. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  11. ^ "Contents" (PDF). Egyptian Arabic Dictionary. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  12. Derya Adalar Subaşı (Spring 2012). "Renkler ulamı üzerine Türkçe ve Arapça sözlük tabanına yönelik gözlemler (Observations on Turkish and Arabic dictionaries in terms of color terms)" (PDF). Turkish Studies. 7/2: 963–977. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  13. Moshe Piamenta (1 May 1990). A Dictionary of Post-Classical Yemeni Arabic. BRILL. p. 232. ISBN 978-90-04-09294-5. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  14. "Abyaḍ and the Black Arabs Some Clarifications" (PDF). Wesley Muhammad. 2012. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  15. "Theory of everything (TOE)". An Etymological Dictionary of Astronomy and Astrophysics. English-French-Persian. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  16. Jonathan Slocum; Todd B. Krause. "Old Norse Online". The University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  17. "some (adj.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  18. "some (sʌm)". Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  19. "Sumr". iJunoon. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  20. "Baby names". Joy2Day. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  21. Juliana de Luna (2001). "Jewish Women's Names in an Arab Context: Names from the Geniza of Cairo". SCA College of Arms. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  22. ^ Jim Arlow; Ila Neustadt (27 June 2005). UML 2 and the Unified Process: Practical Object-Oriented Analysis and Design. Pearson Education. p. 746. ISBN 978-0-13-270263-8.
  23. "SUMR". The Free Dictionary. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
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