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THEMIS
Identifiers
Aliases	THEMIS, C6orf190, C6orf207, GASP, SPOT, TSEPA, bA325O24.3, bA325O24.4, thymocyte selection associated, THEMIS (protein), IPR039671
External IDs	OMIM: 613607; MGI: 2443552; HomoloGene: 72287; GeneCards: THEMIS; OMA:THEMIS - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human) Band 6q22.33 Start 127,708,072 bp End 127,918,631 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse) Band 10|10 A4 Start 28,544,356 bp End 28,759,814 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in lymph node granulocyte testicle appendix blood primary visual cortex epithelium of colon superior frontal gyrus prefrontal cortex tonsil Top expressed in thymus blood lymph node mesenteric lymph nodes oocyte subcutaneous adipose tissue primary oocyte secondary oocyte spleen zygote More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding Cellular component cytoplasm COP9 signalosome nucleus cell-cell junction Biological process multicellular organism development T cell receptor signaling pathway adaptive immune response negative T cell selection positive T cell selection immune system process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 387357 210757 Ensembl ENSG00000275122 ENSG00000172673 ENSMUSG00000049109 UniProt Q8N1K5 Q8BGW0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001010923 NM_001164685 NM_001164687 NM_001318531 NM_001394520 NM_001394521 NM_001394522 NM_178666 NM_001305663 NM_001374699 RefSeq (protein) NP_001010923 NP_001158157 NP_001158159 NP_001305460 NP_001292592 NP_848781 NP_001361628 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 127.71 – 127.92 Mb Chr 10: 28.54 – 28.76 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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THEMIS is a protein encoded by the eponymous THEMIS gene.

Function

This protein plays a regulatory role in both positive and negative T cell selection during late thymocyte development. The protein functions through T-cell antigen receptor signaling, and is necessary for proper lineage commitment and maturation of T-cells. Changes in THEMIS gene expression due to the rs138300818 variant promote the development of early-onset type 1 diabetes.

Etymology

THEMIS is an acronym for thymocyte-expressed molecule involved in selection. Themis is also the name of a Titan in Greek mythology who weighed the fates of humans, an apt choice since the protein is important in deciding the fate of the T cell during development.

References

1. ^ ENSG00000172673 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000275122, ENSG00000172673 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000049109 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Fu G, Vallée S, Rybakin V, McGuire MV, Ampudia J, Brockmeyer C, et al. (August 2009). "Themis controls thymocyte selection through regulation of T cell antigen receptor-mediated signaling". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 848–856. doi:10.1038/ni.1766. PMC 2757056. PMID 19597499.
6. Lesourne R, Uehara S, Lee J, Song KD, Li L, Pinkhasov J, et al. (August 2009). "Themis, a T cell-specific protein important for late thymocyte development". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 840–847. doi:10.1038/ni.1768. PMC 2848698. PMID 19597498.
7. Johnson AL, Aravind L, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A, Choi SY, Crockford TL, et al. (August 2009). "Themis is a member of a new metazoan gene family and is required for the completion of thymocyte positive selection". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 831–839. doi:10.1038/ni.1769. PMC 2908989. PMID 19597497.
8. "Entrez Gene: thymocyte selection associated".
9. Sandholm N, Rubio García A, Pekalski ML, Inshaw JR, Cutler AJ, Todd JA (August 2022). "Thymocyte regulatory variant alters transcription factor binding and protects from type 1 diabetes in infants". Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 14137. Bibcode:2022NatSR..1214137S. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-18296-4. PMC 9391468. PMID 35986039.
10. Zielinska E (2009-11-01). "Six degrees of science". The Scientist. Archived from the original on 2009-11-06. Retrieved 2009-11-03.

Further reading

• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, et al. (January 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMC 1356129. PMID 16344560.
• Harrington JJ, Sherf B, Rundlett S, Jackson PD, Perry R, Cain S, et al. (May 2001). "Creation of genome-wide protein expression libraries using random activation of gene expression". Nature Biotechnology. 19 (5): 440–445. doi:10.1038/88107. PMID 11329013. S2CID 25064683.
• Allen PM (August 2009). "Themis imposes new law and order on positive selection". Nature Immunology. 10 (8): 805–806. doi:10.1038/ni0809-805. PMID 19621038. S2CID 205359914.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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