Bicycle Thieves - Misplaced Pages

(Redirected from The Bicycle Thieves) 1948 film by Vittorio De Sica For other uses, see The Bicycle Thief (disambiguation).

Bicycle Thieves
Theatrical release poster

Italian	Ladri di biciclette

Directed by	Vittorio De Sica
Screenplay by	Oreste Biancoli Suso D'Amico Vittorio De Sica Adolfo Franci Gherardo Gherardi Gerardo Guerrieri Cesare Zavattini
Story by	Cesare Zavattini
Based on	Bicycle Thieves by Luigi Bartolini
Produced by	Giuseppe Amato Vittorio De Sica
Starring	Lamberto Maggiorani Enzo Staiola Lianella Carell
Cinematography	Carlo Montuori
Edited by	Eraldo Da Roma
Music by	Alessandro Cicognini
Production company	Produzioni De Sica
Distributed by	Ente Nazionale Industrie Cinematografiche
Release date	24 November 1948 (1948-11-24) (Italy)
Running time	89 minutes
Country	Italy
Language	Italian
Budget	$133,000
Box office	$428,978

Bicycle Thieves (Italian: Ladri di biciclette), also known as The Bicycle Thief, is a 1948 Italian neorealist drama film directed by Vittorio De Sica. It follows the story of a poor father searching in post-World War II Rome for his stolen bicycle, without which he will lose the job which was to be the salvation of his young family.

Adapted for the screen by Cesare Zavattini from the 1946 novel by Luigi Bartolini, and starring Lamberto Maggiorani as the desperate father and Enzo Staiola as his plucky young son, Bicycle Thieves received an Academy Honorary Award (most outstanding foreign language film) in 1950, and in 1952 was deemed the greatest film of all time by Sight & Sound magazine's poll of filmmakers and critics; fifty years later another poll organized by the same magazine ranked it sixth among the greatest-ever films. In the 2012 version of the list the film ranked 33rd among critics and 10th among directors.

The film was also cited by Turner Classic Movies as one of the most influential films in cinema history, and it is considered part of the canon of classic cinema. The film was voted number 3 on the prestigious Brussels 12 list at the 1958 World Expo, and number 4 in Empire magazine's "The 100 Best Films of World Cinema" in 2010. It was also included on the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage’s 100 Italian films to be saved, a list of 100 films that "have changed the collective memory of the country between 1942 and 1978."

Plot

In post-World War II Rome, Antonio Ricci desperately needs work to support his wife Maria, his son Bruno and his small baby. He is offered a job posting advertising bills but tells Maria he cannot accept because the job requires a bicycle. Maria resolutely strips the bed of her dowry bedsheets‍—‌prized possessions for a poor family‍—‌and takes them to the pawn shop, where they bring enough to redeem Antonio's bicycle.

On his first day of work, Antonio is at the top of a ladder when a young man steals his bicycle. Antonio runs after him but is thrown off the trail by the thief's confederates. The police file Antonio's complaint but say that there is little they can do.

Advised that stolen goods often surface at the Piazza Vittorio market, Antonio and his son go there with several friends. They find a bicycle frame that might be Antonio's, but the vendors refuse to allow them to examine the serial number. They call over a carabiniere, who orders the vendors to allow him to read the serial number. It does not match that of the missing bicycle, but the officer won't allow them to examine it for themselves.

At the Porta Portese market, Antonio and Bruno spot someone he believes to be the thief with an old man. The thief eludes them and the old man feigns ignorance. They follow him into a church where he too slips away from them.

Antonio pursues the thief into a brothel, whose denizens eject them. In the street, hostile neighbors gather as Antonio accuses the thief, who conveniently falls into a fit for which the crowd blames Antonio. Bruno fetches a policeman, who searches the thief's apartment without success. The policeman tells Antonio the case is weak‍—‌Antonio has no witnesses and the neighbors are certain to provide the thief with an alibi. Antonio and Bruno leave in despair amid jeers and threats from the crowd.

Their way home takes them to the Stadio Nazionale PNF football stadium. Antonio sees an unattended bicycle near a doorway and after much anguished indecision, instructs Bruno to take the tram to a stop nearby and wait. Antonio circles the unattended bicycle and jumps on it. Instantly, the hue and cry is raised and Bruno – who has missed the tram – is stunned to see his father pursued, surrounded and pulled from the bicycle. As Antonio is being muscled toward the police station, the bicycle's owner notices Bruno in tears and, in a moment of compassion, tells the others to release Antonio.

Antonio and Bruno then walk off slowly amid a buffeting crowd. Antonio fights back tears and Bruno takes his hand.

The bike redeemed from the pawn shop
First day on the job
In search of the stolen bike
The thief's neighbors threaten Antonio
All seems lost

Cast

Lamberto Maggiorani as Antonio Ricci
Enzo Staiola as Bruno Ricci, Antonio's son
Lianella Carell as Maria Ricci, Antonio's wife
Gino Saltamerenda as Baiocco, Antonio's friend who helps search
Vittorio Antonucci as Alfredo Catelli, the Bicycle thief
Giulio Chiari as a Beggar
Elena Altieri as the Charitable Lady
Carlo Jachino as a Beggar
Michele Sakara as the Secretary of the Charity Organization
Emma Druetti
Fausto Guerzoni as an Amateur Actor
Giulio Battiferri as a Citizen Who Protects the Real Thief (uncredited)
Ida Bracci Dorati as La Santona (uncredited)
Nando Bruno (uncredited)
Eolo Capritti (uncredited)
Memmo Carotenuto (uncredited)
Giovanni Corporale (uncredited)
Sergio Leone as a Seminary Student (uncredited)
Mario Meniconi as Meniconi, the Street Sweeper (uncredited)
Massimo Randisi as a Rich Kid in the Restaurant (uncredited)
Checco Rissone as a Guard in Piazza Vittorio (uncredited)
Peppino Spadaro as a Police Officer (uncredited)
Umberto Spadaro (uncredited)

Production

Bicycle Thieves is the best-known work of Italian neorealism, a movement that informally began with Roberto Rossellini's Rome, Open City (1945) and brought a new degree of realism to Italian cinema. De Sica had just made Shoeshine (1946), but was unable to get financial backing from any major studio for the film, so he raised the money himself from friends. Wanting to portray the poverty and unemployment of post-war Italy, he co-wrote a script with Cesare Zavattini and others using only the title and few plot devices of a little-known novel of the time by poet and artist Luigi Bartolini. Following the precepts of neorealism, De Sica shot only on location (that is, no studio sets) and cast only untrained actors. (Lamberto Maggiorani, for example, was a factory worker.) That some actors' roles paralleled their lives off screen added realism to the film. De Sica cast Maggiorani when he had brought his young son to an audition for the film. He later cast the 8-year-old Enzo Staiola when he noticed the young boy watching the film's production on a street while helping his father sell flowers.

The film's final shot of Antonio and Bruno walking away from the camera into the distance is an homage to many of the films of Charlie Chaplin, who was De Sica's favourite filmmaker.

Uncovering the drama in everyday life, the wonderful in the daily news.
— Vittorio De Sica in Abbiamo domandato a De Sica perché fa un film dal Ladro di biciclette (We asked De Sica why he makes a movie on the Bicycle Thief) – La fiera letteraria, 6/2/48

Title

The original Italian title is Ladri di biciclette. It literally translates into English as "thieves of bicycles"; both ladri and biciclette are plural. In Bartolini's novel, the title referred to a post-war culture of rampant thievery and disrespect for civil order, countered only by an inept police force and indifferent allied occupiers.

When the film was screened in the United States in 1949, Bosley Crowther referred to it as The Bicycle Thief in his review in The New York Times, and this came to be the title by which the film was known in English. When the film was re-released in the late-1990s, San Francisco Chronicle film critic Bob Graham said that he preferred that version, stating, "Purists have criticized the English title of the film as a poor translation of the Italian ladri, which is plural. What blindness! The Bicycle Thief is one of those wonderful titles whose power does not sink in until the film is over". The 2007 Criterion Collection release in North America uses the title Bicycle Thieves.

Reception

Critical response

When Bicycle Thieves was released in Italy, it was viewed with hostility and as portraying Italians in a negative way. Italian critic Guido Aristarco praised it, but also complained that "sentimentality might at times take the place of artistic emotion." Fellow Italian neorealist film director Luchino Visconti criticized the film, saying that it was a mistake to use a professional actor to dub over Lamberto Maggiorani's dialogue. Luigi Bartolini, the author of the novel from which de Sica drew his title, was highly critical of the film, feeling that the spirit of his book had been thoroughly betrayed because his protagonist was a middle-class intellectual and his theme was the breakdown of civil order.

Contemporary reviews elsewhere were positive. Bosley Crowther, film critic for The New York Times, lauded the film and its message in his review. He wrote, "Again the Italians have sent us a brilliant and devastating film in Vittorio De Sica's rueful drama of modern city life, The Bicycle Thief. Widely and fervently heralded by those who had seen it abroad (where it already has won several prizes at various film festivals), this heart-tearing picture of frustration, which came to yesterday, bids fair to fulfill all the forecasts of its absolute triumph over here. For once more the talented De Sica, who gave us the shattering Shoeshine, that desperately tragic demonstration of juvenile corruption in post-war Rome, has laid hold upon and sharply imaged in simple and realistic terms a major—indeed, a fundamental and universal—dramatic theme. It is the isolation and loneliness of the little man in this complex social world that is ironically blessed with institutions to comfort and protect mankind". Pierre Leprohon wrote in Cinéma D'Aujourd'hui that "what must not be ignored on the social level is that the character is shown not at the beginning of a crisis but at its outcome. One need only to look at his face, his uncertain gait, his hesitant or fearful attitudes to understand that Ricci is already a victim, a diminished man who has lost his confidence." Then Paris-based Lotte H. Eisner called it the best Italian film since World War II, and UK critic Robert Winnington called it "the most successful record of any foreign film in British cinema."

When the film was re-released in the late 1990s Bob Graham, staff film critic for the San Francisco Chronicle, gave the drama a positive review: "The roles are played by non-actors, Lamberto Maggiorani as the father and Enzo Staiola as the solemn boy, who sometimes appears to be a miniature man. They bring a grave dignity to De Sica's unblinking view of post-war Italy. The wheel of life turns and grinds people down; the man who was riding high in the morning is brought low by nightfall. It is impossible to imagine this story in any other form than De Sica's. The new black-and-white print has an extraordinary range of grey tones that get darker as life closes in". In 1999, Chicago Sun-Times film reviewer Roger Ebert wrote that "The Bicycle Thief is so well-entrenched as an official masterpiece that it is a little startling to visit it again after many years and realize that it is still alive and has strength and freshness. Given an honorary Oscar in 1949, routinely voted one of the greatest films of all time, revered as one of the foundation stones of Italian neorealism, it is a simple, powerful film about a man who needs a job". Ebert added the film to his "The Great Movies" list. In 2020, A. O. Scott praised the film in an essay entitled "Why You Should Still Care About 'Bicycle Thieves'."

Bicycle Thieves is a fixture on the British Film Institute's Sight & Sound critics' and directors' polls of the greatest films ever made. The film ranked 1st and 7th on critics' poll in 1952 and 1962 respectively. It ranked 11th on the magazine's 1992 Critics' poll, 45th in 2002 Critics' Poll and 6th on the 2002 Directors' Top Ten Poll. It was slightly lower in the 2012 directors' poll, 10th and 33rd on the 2012 critics' poll. The Village Voice ranked the film at number 37 in its Top 250 "Best Films of the Century" list in 1999, based on a poll of critics. The film was voted at No. 99 on the list of "100 Greatest Films" by the prominent French magazine Cahiers du cinéma in 2008.

The Japanese filmmaker Akira Kurosawa cited this movie as one of his 100 favorite films. The film was included by the Vatican in a list of important films compiled in 1995, under the category of "Values".

Bicycle Thieves has continued to gain very high praise from contemporary critics, with the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reporting 99% of 70 reviews as of April 2022 as positive, with an average rating of 9.20/10. The site's critics consensus reads, "An Italian neorealism exemplar, Bicycle Thieves thrives on its non-flashy performances and searing emotion."

Awards and nominations

Locarno International Film Festival, Switzerland: Special Prize of the Jury, Vittorio De Sica; 1949.
National Board of Review: NBR Award, Best Director, Vittorio De Sica; Best Film (Any Language), Italy; 1949.
New York Film Critics Circle Awards: NYFCC Award, Best Foreign Language Film, Italy; 1949.
Academy Awards: Honorary Award, as The Bicycle Thief (Italy). Voted by the Academy Board of Governors as the most outstanding foreign language film released in the United States during 1949; 1950.
Academy Awards: Nominated, Oscar, Best Writing, Screenplay; as The Bicycle Thief, Cesare Zavattini; 1950.
British Academy of Film and Television Arts: BAFTA Film Award, Best Film from any Source; 1950.
Bodil Awards, Copenhagen, Denmark: Bodil, Best European Film (Bedste europæiske film), Vittorio De Sica; 1950.
Golden Globes: Golden Globe, Best Foreign Film, Italy; 1950.
Cinema Writers Circle Awards, Spain: CEC Award, Best Foreign Film (Mejor Película Extranjera), Italy; 1951.
Kinema Junpo Awards, Tokyo, Japan: Kinema Junpo Award, Best Foreign Language Film, Vittorio De Sica; 1951.
Best Cinematography (Migliore Fotografia), Carlo Montuori.
Best Director (Migliore Regia), Vittorio De Sica.
Best Film (Miglior Film a Soggetto).
Best Score (Miglior Commento Musicale), Alessandro Cicognini.
Best Screenplay (Migliore Sceneggiatura), Cesare Zavattini, Vittorio De Sica, Suso Cecchi d'Amico, Oreste Biancoli, Adolfo Franci, and Gerardo Guerrieri.
Best Story (Miglior Soggetto), Cesare Zavattini.
Listed as one of TCM's top 15 most influential films list, as The Bicycle Thief (1947),
Ranked #4 in Empire magazines "The 100 Best Films Of World Cinema" in 2010.
Voted #2 in BBC Culture's poll of 209 critics in 43 countries for the greatest foreign-language film of all time.

Legacy

Many directors have cited the film as a major influence including Satyajit Ray, Ken Loach, Giorgio Mangiamele, Bimal Roy, Anurag Kashyap, Balu Mahendra, Vetrimaaran and Basu Chatterjee.

The film was noteworthy for film directors of the Iranian New Wave, such as Jafar Panahi and Dariush Mehrjui.

The film was one of 39 foreign films recommended by Martin Scorsese to Colin Levy.

It was parodied in the film The Icicle Thief (1989).

The film features incidentally in the 1992 Robert Altman film The Player. A Hollywood studio executive (played by Tim Robbins) tracks a screenwriter to a theater showing Bicycle Thieves and stages what he represents as a chance meeting.

Norman Loftis's film Messenger (1994) is considered to be a remake of Bicycle Thieves.

The episode "The Thief" from the American comedy-drama series Master of None is heavily influenced by Bicycle Thieves.

References

^ "Bicycle Thieves (1948)". The Criterion Collection. Retrieved August 1, 2021.
Gordon, Robert (2008). Bicycle Thieves (Ladri Di Biciclette). New York: Macmillan. p. 26. ISBN 9781844572380. Retrieved 29 April 2018.
"Wheels of History". Village Voice. October 6, 1998. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
"The Bicycle Thieves (1949)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
^ Crowther, Bosley (December 13, 1949). "The Bicycle Thief (1948) THE SCREEN; Vittorio De Sica's 'The Bicycle Thief,' a Drama of Post-War Rome, Arrives at World". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 7, 2022. Retrieved February 7, 2022.
Scott, A.O. (August 13, 2020). "Why You Should Still Care About 'Bicycle Thieves' - On the unforgettable heartbreak and enduring pleasures of an Italian neorealist masterpiece". The New York Times. Retrieved August 16, 2020.
Ebert, Roger (March 19, 1999). "The Bicycle Thief / Bicycle Thieves (1949) review". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on February 27, 2009. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
Sight and Sound Top Ten Poll Archived 2017-02-01 at the Wayback Machine, director's list 2002. Last accessed: 2014-01-19.
Ebert, Roger. "TCM's 15 most influential films of all time, and 10 from me". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
Ebert, Roger. "The Bicycle Thief / Bicycle Thieves (1949)". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
"The 100 Best Films Of World Cinema – 60. Jean de Florette". Empire. 2019.
"Ecco i cento film italiani da salvare Corriere della Sera". www.corriere.it. Retrieved 2021-03-11.
Megan, Ratner Archived 2007-08-10 at the Wayback Machine. GreenCine, "Italian Neo-Realism," 2005. Last accessed: December 30, 2007.
^ Wakeman, John (1987). World Film Directors: 1890-1945. H.W. Wilson. p. 232. ISBN 978-0-8242-0757-1.
Gordon, Robert S. C. (2008). Bicycle Thieves (Ladri Di Biciclette). Macmillan. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-1-84457-238-0.
"Lamberto Maggiorani Dead; Starred in 'The Bicycle Thief'". The New York Times. The Associated Press. 24 April 1983.
^ Healey, Robin (1998). Twentieth-century Italian Literature in English Translation: An Annotated Bibliography 1929-1997. University of Toronto Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-0-8020-0800-8.
^ Graham, Bob. San Francisco Chronicle, film review, November 6, 1998. Last accessed: December 30, 2007.
"Bicycle Thieves". The Criterion Collection. Retrieved 2023-01-10.
"Bicycle Thieves". Roger Ebert. 19 March 1999.
Scott, A.O. (August 13, 2020). "Why You Should Still Care About 'Bicycle Thieves'". The New York Times. Retrieved September 12, 2021.
"The Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002 The Rest of Critic's List". old.bfi.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2016-08-13. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
"Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002 The Rest of Director's List". old.bfi.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2017-02-01. Retrieved 2014-01-19.
"Directors' Top 100". Sight & Sound. British Film Institute. 2012. Archived from the original on 2016-02-09. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
"Critics' Top 100". Sight & Sound. British Film Institute. 2012. Archived from the original on 2016-02-07. Retrieved 2021-05-16.
"Take One: The First Annual Village Voice Film Critics' Poll". The Village Voice. 1999. Archived from the original on 26 August 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2006.
"Cahiers du cinéma's 100 Greatest Films". Filmdetail. 23 November 2008.
Thomas-Mason, Lee. "From Stanley Kubrick to Martin Scorsese: Akira Kurosawa once named his top 100 favourite films of all time". Far Out Magazine. Retrieved 23 January 2023.
"Vatican Best Films List". Official website of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. Archived from the original on 2012-04-22. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
"The Bicycle Thief (1949)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved April 27, 2022.
Ebert, Roger (19 December 2012). "TCM's 15 most influential films of all time, and 10 from me | Roger Ebert's Journal". Roger Ebert. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
"The 100 Best Films Of World Cinema". Empire.
"The 100 greatest foreign-language films". BBC Culture. 30 October 2018.
Robinson, A. Satyajit Ray: A Vision of Cinema. I. B. Tauris.2005. ISBN 1-84511-074-9. p. 48.
Lamont, Tom (16 May 2010). "Films that changed my life: Ken Loach". London: The Observer. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
National Film and Sound Archive: 'Il Contratto' on Australianscreen
Anwar Huda (2004). The Art and science of Cinema. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 100. ISBN 81-269-0348-1.
Akbar, Irena (14 June 2008). "Why Sica Moved Patna". Indian Express Archive. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
Mahendra, Balu (7 September 2012). "சினிமாவும் நானும்..." (in Tamil). filmmakerbalumahendra.blogspot.in. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
"A Manzil of Memories: Rare Memorabilia Of Basu Chatterji's Films". Learning & Creativity. 2014-04-25. Retrieved 2014-05-27.
"Remarks by JAFAR PANAHI". Film Scouts LLC. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 22 May 2012.
Wakeman, John (1987). World Film Directors: 1945-1985. H.W. Wilson. pp. 663–669. ISBN 978-0-8242-0757-1.
Bell, Crystal (March 27, 2012). "Martin Scorsese Foreign Film List: Director Recommends 39 Films To Young Filmmaker Colin Levy". Huffington Post. Retrieved January 14, 2021.
Kehr, Dave (October 20, 1995). "'Messenger' Delivers Stark Film Captures 1995 New York". The Daily News. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
Rooney, David (27 June 1994). "Messenger". Variety.

External links

Lombardi, Elena (December 2009). "Of Bikes and Men: The intersection of three narratives in Vittorio De Sica's Ladri di biciclette". Studies in European Cinema. 6 (2–3): 113–126. doi:10.1386/seci.6.2-3.113/1 (inactive 2024-11-24).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
Bicycle Thieves at IMDb
Bicycle Thieves at Rotten Tomatoes
Bicycle Thieves is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive (German dialogue)
Bicycle Thieves: A Passionate Commitment to the Real an essay by Godfrey Cheshire at the Criterion Collection
Bicycle Thieves: Ode to the Common Man an essay by Charles Burnett at the Criterion Collection
Bicycle Thieves video film review on YouTube by A. O. Scott (The New York Times) at YouTube
Bicycle Thieves trailer on YouTube

v t e Films directed by Vittorio De Sica
Bibliography Filmography
Red Roses (1940) Maddalena, Zero for Conduct (1940) Teresa Venerdì (1941) A Garibaldian in the Convent (1942) The Children Are Watching Us (1944) The Gates of Heaven (1945) Shoeshine (1946) Heart and Soul (1948) Bicycle Thieves (1948) Miracle in Milan (1951) Umberto D. (1952) Terminal Station (1953) The Gold of Naples (1954) The Roof (1956) Anna of Brooklyn (1958) Two Women (1960) The Last Judgment (1961) Boccaccio '70 (1962) The Condemned of Altona (1962) Il Boom (1963) Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1963) Marriage Italian Style (1964) Un monde nouveau (1966) After the Fox (1966) Woman Times Seven (1967) The Witches (1967) A Place for Lovers (1968) Sunflower (1970) The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (1970) The Couples (1970) Lo chiameremo Andrea (1972) A Brief Vacation (1973) The Voyage (1974)

Films directed by Vittorio De Sica

Red Roses (1940)
Maddalena, Zero for Conduct (1940)
Teresa Venerdì (1941)
A Garibaldian in the Convent (1942)
The Children Are Watching Us (1944)
The Gates of Heaven (1945)
Shoeshine (1946)
Heart and Soul (1948)
Bicycle Thieves (1948)
Miracle in Milan (1951)
Umberto D. (1952)
Terminal Station (1953)
The Gold of Naples (1954)
The Roof (1956)
Anna of Brooklyn (1958)
Two Women (1960)
The Last Judgment (1961)
Boccaccio '70 (1962)
The Condemned of Altona (1962)
Il Boom (1963)
Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1963)
Marriage Italian Style (1964)
Un monde nouveau (1966)
After the Fox (1966)
Woman Times Seven (1967)
The Witches (1967)
A Place for Lovers (1968)
Sunflower (1970)
The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (1970)
The Couples (1970)
Lo chiameremo Andrea (1972)
A Brief Vacation (1973)
The Voyage (1974)

Awards for Bicycle Thieves

v t e Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
1947–1955 (Honorary)	1947: Shoeshine – Vittorio De Sica 1948: Monsieur Vincent – Maurice Cloche 1949: Bicycle Thieves – Vittorio De Sica 1950: The Walls of Malapaga – René Clément 1951: Rashomon – Akira Kurosawa 1952: Forbidden Games – René Clément 1953: No Award 1954: Gate of Hell – Teinosuke Kinugasa 1955: Samurai, The Legend of Musashi – Hiroshi Inagaki
1956–1975	1956: La Strada – Federico Fellini 1957: Nights of Cabiria – Federico Fellini 1958: My Uncle – Jacques Tati 1959: Black Orpheus – Marcel Camus 1960: The Virgin Spring – Ingmar Bergman 1961: Through a Glass Darkly – Ingmar Bergman 1962: Sundays and Cybèle – Serge Bourguignon 1963: 8½ – Federico Fellini 1964: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow – Vittorio De Sica 1965: The Shop on Main Street – Ján Kadár & Elmar Klos 1966: A Man and a Woman – Claude Lelouch 1967: Closely Watched Trains – Jiří Menzel 1968: War and Peace – Sergei Bondarchuk 1969: Z – Costa-Gavras 1970: Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion – Elio Petri 1971: The Garden of the Finzi-Continis – Vittorio De Sica 1972: The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie – Luis Buñuel 1973: Day for Night – François Truffaut 1974: Amarcord – Federico Fellini 1975: Dersu Uzala – Akira Kurosawa
1976–2000	1976: Black and White in Color – Jean-Jacques Annaud 1977: Madame Rosa – Moshé Mizrahi 1978: Get Out Your Handkerchiefs – Bertrand Blier 1979: The Tin Drum – Volker Schlöndorff 1980: Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears – Vladimir Menshov 1981: Mephisto – István Szabó 1982: Volver a Empezar ('To Begin Again') – José Luis Garci 1983: Fanny and Alexander – Ingmar Bergman 1984: Dangerous Moves – Richard Dembo 1985: The Official Story – Luis Puenzo 1986: The Assault – Fons Rademakers 1987: Babette's Feast – Gabriel Axel 1988: Pelle the Conqueror – Bille August 1989: Cinema Paradiso – Giuseppe Tornatore 1990: Journey of Hope – Xavier Koller 1991: Mediterraneo – Gabriele Salvatores 1992: Indochine – Régis Wargnier 1993: Belle Époque – Fernando Trueba 1994: Burnt by the Sun – Nikita Mikhalkov 1995: Antonia's Line – Marleen Gorris 1996: Kolya – Jan Svěrák 1997: Character – Mike van Diem 1998: Life Is Beautiful – Roberto Benigni 1999: All About My Mother – Pedro Almodóvar 2000: Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon – Ang Lee
2001–2025	2001: No Man's Land – Danis Tanović 2002: Nowhere in Africa – Caroline Link 2003: The Barbarian Invasions – Denys Arcand 2004: The Sea Inside – Alejandro Amenábar 2005: Tsotsi – Gavin Hood 2006: The Lives of Others – Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck 2007: The Counterfeiters – Stefan Ruzowitzky 2008: Departures – Yōjirō Takita 2009: The Secret in Their Eyes – Juan José Campanella 2010: In a Better World – Susanne Bier 2011: A Separation – Asghar Farhadi 2012: Amour – Michael Haneke 2013: The Great Beauty – Paolo Sorrentino 2014: Ida – Paweł Pawlikowski 2015: Son of Saul – László Nemes 2016: The Salesman – Asghar Farhadi 2017: A Fantastic Woman – Sebastián Lelio 2018: Roma – Alfonso Cuarón 2019: Parasite – Bong Joon-ho 2020: Another Round – Thomas Vinterberg 2021: Drive My Car – Ryusuke Hamaguchi 2022: All Quiet on the Western Front – Edward Berger 2023: The Zone of Interest – Jonathan Glazer

v t e Academy Honorary Award
1928–1950	Warner Bros. / Charlie Chaplin (1928) Walt Disney (1932) Shirley Temple (1934) D. W. Griffith (1935) The March of Time / W. Howard Greene and Harold Rosson (1936) Edgar Bergen / W. Howard Greene / Museum of Modern Art Film Library / Mack Sennett (1937) J. Arthur Ball / Walt Disney / Deanna Durbin and Mickey Rooney / Gordon Jennings, Jan Domela, Devereaux Jennings, Irmin Roberts, Art Smith, Farciot Edouart, Loyal Griggs, Loren L. Ryder, Harry D. Mills, Louis Mesenkop, Walter Oberst / Oliver T. Marsh and Allen Davey / Harry Warner (1938) Douglas Fairbanks / Judy Garland / William Cameron Menzies / Motion Picture Relief Fund (Jean Hersholt, Ralph Morgan, Ralph Block, Conrad Nagel) / Technicolor SA (1939) Bob Hope / Nathan Levinson (1940) Walt Disney, William Garity, John N. A. Hawkins, and the RCA Manufacturing Company / Leopold Stokowski and his associates / Rey Scott / British Ministry of Information (1941) Charles Boyer / Noël Coward / Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (1942) George Pal (1943) Bob Hope / Margaret O'Brien (1944) Republic Studio, Daniel J. Bloomberg, and the Republic Studio Sound Department / Walter Wanger / The House I Live In / Peggy Ann Garner (1945) Harold Russell / Laurence Olivier / Ernst Lubitsch / Claude Jarman Jr. (1946) James Baskett / Thomas Armat, William Nicholas Selig, Albert E. Smith, and George Kirke Spoor / Bill and Coo / Shoeshine (1947) Walter Wanger / Monsieur Vincent / Sid Grauman / Adolph Zukor (1948) Jean Hersholt / Fred Astaire / Cecil B. DeMille / The Bicycle Thief (1949) Louis B. Mayer / George Murphy / The Walls of Malapaga (1950)
1951–1975	Gene Kelly / Rashomon (1951) Merian C. Cooper / Bob Hope / Harold Lloyd / George Mitchell / Joseph M. Schenck / Forbidden Games (1952) 20th Century-Fox Film Corporation / Bell & Howell Company / Joseph Breen / Pete Smith (1953) Bausch & Lomb Optical Company / Danny Kaye / Kemp Niver / Greta Garbo / Jon Whiteley / Vincent Winter / Gate of Hell (1954) Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto (1955) Eddie Cantor (1956) Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers / Gilbert M. "Broncho Billy" Anderson / Charles Brackett / B. B. Kahane (1957) Maurice Chevalier (1958) Buster Keaton / Lee de Forest (1959) Gary Cooper / Stan Laurel / Hayley Mills (1960) William L. Hendricks / Fred L. Metzler / Jerome Robbins (1961) William J. Tuttle (1964) Bob Hope (1965) Yakima Canutt / Y. Frank Freeman (1966) Arthur Freed (1967) John Chambers / Onna White (1968) Cary Grant (1969) Lillian Gish / Orson Welles (1970) Charlie Chaplin (1971) Charles S. Boren / Edward G. Robinson (1972) Henri Langlois / Groucho Marx (1973) Howard Hawks / Jean Renoir (1974) Mary Pickford (1975)
1976–2000	Margaret Booth (1977) Walter Lantz / Laurence Olivier / King Vidor / Museum of Modern Art Department of Film (1978) Hal Elias / Alec Guinness (1979) Henry Fonda (1980) Barbara Stanwyck (1981) Mickey Rooney (1982) Hal Roach (1983) James Stewart / National Endowment for the Arts (1984) Paul Newman / Alex North (1985) Ralph Bellamy (1986) Eastman Kodak Company / National Film Board of Canada (1988) Akira Kurosawa (1989) Sophia Loren / Myrna Loy (1990) Satyajit Ray (1991) Federico Fellini (1992) Deborah Kerr (1993) Michelangelo Antonioni (1994) Kirk Douglas / Chuck Jones (1995) Michael Kidd (1996) Stanley Donen (1997) Elia Kazan (1998) Andrzej Wajda (1999) Jack Cardiff / Ernest Lehman (2000)
2001–present	Sidney Poitier / Robert Redford (2001) Peter O'Toole (2002) Blake Edwards (2003) Sidney Lumet (2004) Robert Altman (2005) Ennio Morricone (2006) Robert F. Boyle (2007) Lauren Bacall / Roger Corman / Gordon Willis (2009) Kevin Brownlow / Jean-Luc Godard / Eli Wallach (2010) James Earl Jones / Dick Smith (2011) D. A. Pennebaker / Hal Needham / George Stevens Jr. (2012) Angela Lansbury / Steve Martin / Piero Tosi (2013) Jean-Claude Carrière / Hayao Miyazaki / Maureen O'Hara (2014) Spike Lee / Gena Rowlands (2015) Jackie Chan / Lynn Stalmaster / Anne V. Coates / Frederick Wiseman (2016) Charles Burnett / Owen Roizman / Donald Sutherland / Agnès Varda (2017) Marvin Levy / Lalo Schifrin / Cicely Tyson (2018) David Lynch / Wes Studi / Lina Wertmüller (2019) Samuel L. Jackson / Elaine May / Liv Ullmann (2021) Euzhan Palcy / Diane Warren / Peter Weir (2022) Angela Bassett / Mel Brooks / Carol Littleton (2023) Quincy Jones / Juliet Taylor (2024)

BAFTA Award for Best Film

Best Film
from Any Source
1947–1967

The Best Years of Our Lives (1947)
Hamlet (1948)
Bicycle Thieves (1949)
All About Eve (1950)
La Ronde (1951)
The Sound Barrier (1952)
Forbidden Games (1953)
The Wages of Fear (1954)
Richard III (1955)
Gervaise (1956)
The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957)
Room at the Top (1958)
Ben-Hur (1959)
The Apartment (1960)
Ballad of a Soldier (1961)
The Hustler (1961)
Lawrence of Arabia (1962)
Tom Jones (1963)
Dr. Strangelove (1964)
My Fair Lady (1965)
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)
A Man for All Seasons (1967)

Best Film
1968–present

The Graduate (1968)
Midnight Cowboy (1969)
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1970)
Sunday Bloody Sunday (1971)
Cabaret (1972)
Day for Night (1973)
Lacombe, Lucien (1974)
Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1975)
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1976)
Annie Hall (1977)
Julia (1978)
Manhattan (1979)
The Elephant Man (1980)
Chariots of Fire (1981)
Gandhi (1982)
Educating Rita (1983)
The Killing Fields (1984)
The Purple Rose of Cairo (1985)
A Room with a View (1986)
Jean de Florette (1987)
The Last Emperor (1988)
Dead Poets Society (1989)
Goodfellas (1990)
The Commitments (1991)
Howards End (1992)
Schindler's List (1993)
Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994)
Sense and Sensibility (1995)
The English Patient (1996)
The Full Monty (1997)
Shakespeare in Love (1998)
American Beauty (1999)
Gladiator (2000)
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
The Pianist (2002)
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)
The Aviator (2004)
Brokeback Mountain (2005)
The Queen (2006)
Atonement (2007)
Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
The Hurt Locker (2009)
The King's Speech (2010)
The Artist (2011)
Argo (2012)
12 Years a Slave (2013)
Boyhood (2014)
The Revenant (2015)
La La Land (2016)
Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017)
Roma (2018)
1917 (2019)
Nomadland (2020)
The Power of the Dog (2021)
All Quiet on the Western Front (2022)
Oppenheimer (2023)

v t e Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film
Foreign Film – Foreign Language 1949–1972	Bicycle Thieves (1949) Genevieve / The Lady of the Camelias / No Way Back / Twenty-Four Eyes (1954) Children, Mother, and the General / Dangerous Curves / Eyes of Children / Ordet / Stella (1955) Before Sundown / A Girl in Black / Roses on the Arm / War and Peace / The White Reindeer (1956) Confessions of Felix Krull / Tizoc / Yellow Crow (1957) Girl and the River / The Road a Year Long / Rosemary (1958) Aren't We Wonderful? / Black Orpheus / The Bridge / Odd Obsession / Wild Strawberries (1959) The Truth / The Virgin Spring (1960) Two Women (1961) Divorce Italian Style (1962) Any Number Can Win (1963) Marriage Italian Style (1964) Juliet of the Spirits (1965) A Man and a Woman (1966) Live for Life (1967) War and Peace (1968) Z (1969) Rider on the Rain (1970) The Policeman (1971) The Emigrants / The New Land (1972)
Foreign Film 1973–1985	The Pedestrian (1973) Scenes from a Marriage (1974) Lies My Father Told Me (1975) Face to Face (1976) A Special Day (1977) Autumn Sonata (1978) La Cage aux Folles (1979) Tess (1980) Chariots of Fire (1981) Gandhi (1982) Fanny and Alexander (1983) A Passage to India (1984) The Official Story (1985)
Foreign Language Film 1986–2020	The Assault (1986) My Life as a Dog (1987) Pelle the Conqueror (1988) Cinema Paradiso (1989) Cyrano de Bergerac (1990) Europa Europa (1991) Indochine (1992) Farewell My Concubine (1993) Farinelli (1994) Les Misérables (1995) Kolya (1996) Ma vie en rose (1997) Central Station (1998) All About My Mother (1999) Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) No Man's Land (2001) Talk to Her (2002) Osama (2003) The Sea Inside (2004) Paradise Now (2005) Letters from Iwo Jima (2006) The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (2007) Waltz with Bashir (2008) The White Ribbon (2009) In a Better World (2010) A Separation (2011) Amour (2012) The Great Beauty (2013) Leviathan (2014) Son of Saul (2015) Elle (2016) In the Fade (2017) Roma (2018) Parasite (2019) Minari (2020)
Non-English Language Film 2021–present	Drive My Car (2021) Argentina, 1985 (2022) Anatomy of a Fall (2023)

v t e Italian submissions for Academy Award for Best International Feature Film
1947–1960	Shoeshine (1947) Bicycle Thieves (1949) The Walls of Malapaga (1950) La Strada (1956) Nights of Cabiria (1957) Big Deal on Madonna Street (1958) The Great War (1959) Kapo (1960)
1961–1980	La Notte (1961) The Four Days of Naples (1962) 8½ (1963) Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (1964) Marriage Italian Style (1965) The Battle of Algiers (1966) China Is Near (1967) The Girl with the Pistol (1968) Fellini Satyricon (1969) Investigation of a Citizen Above Suspicion (1970) The Garden of the Finzi-Continis (1971) Roma (1972) Amarcord (1974) Scent of a Woman (1975) Seven Beauties (1976) A Special Day (1977) I nuovi mostri (1978) To Forget Venice (1979) A Leap in the Dark (1980)
1981–2000	Three Brothers (1981) The Night of the Shooting Stars (1982) And the Ship Sails On (1983) Where's Picone? (1984) Macaroni (1985) Summer Night (1986) The Family (1987) The Legend of the Holy Drinker (1988) Cinema Paradiso (1989) Open Doors (1990) Mediterraneo (1991) The Stolen Children (1992) The Great Pumpkin (1993) Lamerica (1994) The Star Maker (1995) My Generation (1996) The Best Man (1997) Life Is Beautiful (1998) Not of this World (1999) One Hundred Steps (2000)
2001–2020	The Son's Room (2001) Pinocchio (2002) I'm Not Scared (2003) The Keys to the House (2004) Don't Tell (2005) Golden Door (2006) The Unknown Woman (2007) Gomorrah (2008) Baarìa (2009) The First Beautiful Thing (2010) Terraferma (2011) Caesar Must Die (2012) The Great Beauty (2013) Human Capital (2014) Don't Be Bad (2015) Fire at Sea (2016) A Ciambra (2017) Dogman (2018) The Traitor (2019) Notturno (2020)
2021–present	The Hand of God (2021) Nostalgia (2022) Io capitano (2023) Vermiglio (2024)

v t e National Board of Review Award for Best Film
1932–1950	I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang (1932) Topaze (1933) It Happened One Night (1934) The Informer (1935) Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936) Night Must Fall (1937) The Citadel (1938) Confessions of a Nazi Spy (1939) The Grapes of Wrath (1940) Citizen Kane (1941) In Which We Serve (1942) The Ox-Bow Incident (1943) None But the Lonely Heart (1944) The True Glory (1945) Henry V (1946) Monsieur Verdoux (1947) Paisan (1948) Bicycle Thieves (1949) Sunset Boulevard (1950)
1951–1975	A Place in the Sun (1951) The Quiet Man (1952) Julius Caesar (1953) On the Waterfront (1954) Marty (1955) Around the World in 80 Days (1956) The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) The Old Man and the Sea (1958) The Nun's Story (1959) Sons and Lovers (1960) Question 7 (1961) The Longest Day (1962) Tom Jones (1963) Becket (1964) The Eleanor Roosevelt Story (1965) A Man for All Seasons (1966) Far from the Madding Crowd (1967) The Shoes of the Fisherman (1968) They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969) Patton (1970) Macbeth (1971) Cabaret (1972) The Sting (1973) The Conversation (1974) Barry Lyndon / Nashville (1975)
1976–2000	All the President's Men (1976) The Turning Point (1977) Days of Heaven (1978) Manhattan (1979) Ordinary People (1980) Chariots of Fire / Reds (1981) Gandhi (1982) Betrayal / Terms of Endearment (1983) A Passage to India (1984) The Color Purple (1985) A Room with a View (1986) Empire of the Sun (1987) Mississippi Burning (1988) Driving Miss Daisy (1989) Dances With Wolves (1990) The Silence of the Lambs (1991) Howards End (1992) Schindler's List (1993) Forrest Gump / Pulp Fiction (1994) Sense and Sensibility (1995) Shine (1996) L.A. Confidential (1997) Gods and Monsters (1998) American Beauty (1999) Quills (2000)
2001–present	Moulin Rouge! (2001) The Hours (2002) Mystic River (2003) Finding Neverland (2004) Good Night, and Good Luck (2005) Letters from Iwo Jima (2006) No Country for Old Men (2007) Slumdog Millionaire (2008) Up in the Air (2009) The Social Network (2010) Hugo (2011) Zero Dark Thirty (2012) Her (2013) A Most Violent Year (2014) Mad Max: Fury Road (2015) Manchester by the Sea (2016) The Post (2017) Green Book (2018) The Irishman (2019) Da 5 Bloods (2020) Licorice Pizza (2021) Top Gun: Maverick (2022) Killers of the Flower Moon (2023) Wicked (2024)

v t e New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best International Film
1937–1977	Mayerling (1937) Grand Illusion (1938) Harvest (1939) The Baker's Wife (1940) No Award (1941–1945) Rome, Open City (1946) To Live in Peace (1947) Paisan (1948) Bicycle Thieves (1949) L'Amore (1950) Miracle in Milan (1951) Forbidden Games (1952) Justice Is Done (1953) Gate of Hell (1954) Umberto D. (1955) The Road (1956) Gervaise (1957) My Uncle (1958) The 400 Blows (1959) Hiroshima My Love (1960) The Sweet Life (1961) No Award (1962) 8½ (1963) That Man from Rio (1964) Juliet of the Spirits (1965) The Shop on Main Street (1966) The War Is Over (1967) War and Peace (1968) No Award (1969–1977)
1978–2000	Bread and Chocolate (1978) The Tree of Wooden Clogs (1979) My American Uncle (1980) Pixote (1981) Time Stands Still (1982) Fanny and Alexander (1983) A Sunday in the Country (1984) Ran (1985) The Decline of the American Empire (1986) My Life as a Dog (1987) Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown (1988) Story of Women (1989) The Nasty Girl (1990) Europa Europa (1991) Raise the Red Lantern (1992) Farewell My Concubine (1993) Three Colours: Red (1994) Wild Reeds (1995) The White Balloon (1996) Ponette (1997) The Celebration (1998) All About My Mother (1999) Yi Yi (2000)
2001–present	In the Mood for Love (2001) And Your Mother Too (2002) City of God (2003) Bad Education (2004) 2046 (2005) Army of Shadows (2006) The Lives of Others (2007) 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days (2008) Summer Hours (2009) Carlos (2010) A Separation (2011) Amour (2012) Blue Is the Warmest Colour (2013) Ida (2014) Timbuktu (2015) Toni Erdmann (2016) BPM (Beats per Minute) (2017) Cold War (2018) Parasite (2019) Bacurau (2020) The Worst Person in the World (2021) EO (2022) Anatomy of a Fall (2023) All We Imagine as Light (2024)

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