Misplaced Pages

Star Wars
Created by	George Lucas
Original work	Star Wars (1977)
Owner	Lucasfilm
Years	1977–present
Print publications
Book(s)	List of reference books
Novel(s)	List of novels
Short stories	See list of novels
Comics	List of comics
Comic strip(s)	See list of comics
Magazine(s)	Star Wars Insider (1987–present)
Films and television
Film(s)	List of films
Television series	List of television series
Animated series	See list of television series
Television special(s)	See list of television series
Television film(s)	See list of films
Games
Role-playing	List of RPGs
Video game(s)	List of video games
Audio
Radio program(s)	List of radio dramas
Original music	Music
Miscellaneous
Toy(s)	Merchandise
Theme park attraction(s)	List of attractions

Star Wars is an American epic space opera media franchise created by George Lucas, which began with the eponymous 1977 film and quickly became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon. The franchise has been expanded into various films and other media, including television series, video games, novels, comic books, theme park attractions, and themed areas, comprising an all-encompassing fictional universe. Star Wars is one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time.

The original 1977 film, retroactively subtitled Episode IV: A New Hope, was followed by the sequels Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Episode VI: Return of the Jedi (1983), forming the original Star Wars trilogy. Lucas later returned to the series to write and direct a prequel trilogy, consisting of Episode I: The Phantom Menace (1999), Episode II: Attack of the Clones (2002), and Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005). In 2012, Lucas sold his production company to Disney, relinquishing his ownership of the franchise. This led to a sequel trilogy, consisting of Episode VII: The Force Awakens (2015), Episode VIII: The Last Jedi (2017), and Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker (2019).

All nine films, collectively referred to as the "Skywalker Saga", were nominated for Academy Awards, with wins going to the first two releases. Together with the theatrical live action "anthology" films Rogue One (2016) and Solo (2018), the combined box office revenue of the films equate to over US$10 billion, making Star Wars the third-highest-grossing film franchise of all time.

Premise

The Star Wars franchise depicts the adventures of characters "a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away" across multiple fictional eras, in which humans and many species of aliens (often humanoid) co-exist with droids, which may be programmed for personal assistance or battle. Space travel between planets is common due to lightspeed hyperspace technology. The planets range from wealthy, planet-wide cities to deserts scarcely populated by primitive tribes. Virtually any Earth biome, along with many fictional ones, has its counterpart as a Star Wars planet which, in most cases, teem with sentient and non-sentient alien life. The franchise also makes use of other astronomical objects such as asteroid fields and nebulae. Spacecraft range from small starfighters to large capital ships, such as the Star Destroyers, as well as space stations such as the moon-sized Death Stars. Telecommunication includes two-way audio and audiovisual screens, holographic projections, and hyperspace transmission.

The universe of Star Wars is generally similar to the real universe but its laws of physics are less strict allowing for more imaginative stories. One result of that is a mystical power known as the Force which is described in the original film as "an energy field created by all living things ... binds the galaxy together". The field is depicted as a kind of pantheistic god. Through training and meditation, those whom "the Force is strong with" exhibit various superpowers (such as telekinesis, precognition, telepathy, and manipulation of physical energy); it is believed nothing is impossible for the Force. These superpowers are wielded by two major knightly orders at conflict with each other: the Jedi, peacekeepers of the Galactic Republic who act on the light side of the Force through non-attachment and arbitration, and the Sith, who use the dark side by manipulating fear and aggression. While Jedi Knights can be numerous, the Dark Lords of the Sith (or 'Darths') are intended to be limited to two: a master and their apprentice.

The franchise is set against a backdrop of galactic conflict involving republics and empires, such as the evil Galactic Empire. The Jedi and Sith prefer the use of a weapon called the lightsaber, a blade of plasma that can cut through virtually any surface and deflect energy bolts. The rest of the population, as well as renegades and soldiers, use plasma-powered blaster firearms. In the outer reaches of the galaxy, crime syndicates such as the Hutt cartel are dominant. Bounty hunters are often employed by both gangsters and governments, while illicit activities include smuggling and slavery.

The combination of science fiction and fantasy elements makes Star Wars a very universal franchise, capable of telling stories of various genres.

Films

The Skywalker Saga

The Star Wars film series centers around three sets of trilogies, the nine films of which are collectively referred to as the "Skywalker Saga". The saga was produced non-chronologically, beginning in media res with the release of the original trilogy between 1977 and 1983. This was followed by the prequel trilogy, released between 1999 and 2005, and the sequel trilogy, released between 2015 and 2019.

Each trilogy focuses on a generation of the Force-sensitive Skywalker family and their struggle against the evil Sith lord Palpatine (Darth Sidious). The original trilogy depicts the heroic development of Luke Skywalker as a Jedi and his fight against Palpatine's Galactic Empire alongside his sister, Leia. The prequels tell the tragic backstory of their father, Anakin, who is corrupted by Palpatine and becomes Darth Vader. The sequels follow the conflict between Leia's son, Ben Solo, and Luke and Leia's protegé, Rey, and their eventual alliance against Palpatine after the fall of the Empire.

Original trilogy

In 1971, George Lucas wanted to film an adaptation of the Flash Gordon serial, but could not obtain the rights, so he began developing his own space opera. After directing American Graffiti (1973), he wrote a two-page synopsis, which 20th Century Fox decided to invest in. By 1974, he had expanded the story into the first draft of a screenplay. Fox expected the film would be of limited financial success, and so it was given a relatively low budget, with production being moved to Elstree Studios in England to help save on cost.

Star Wars was released on May 25, 1977, and first subtitled Episode IV: A New Hope in the 1979 book The Art of Star Wars. The film's success led Lucas to make it the basis of an elaborate film serial. With the backstory he created for the sequel, Lucas decided that the series would be a trilogy of trilogies. Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back was released on May 21, 1980, also achieving wide financial and critical success. The final film in the trilogy, Episode VI: Return of the Jedi, was released on May 25, 1983.

Prequel trilogy

According to producer Gary Kurtz, loose plans for a prequel trilogy were developed during the outlining of the original two films. In 1980, Lucas confirmed that he had the nine-film series plotted, but due to the stress of producing the original trilogy, he had decided to cancel further sequels by 1981. In 1983, Lucas explained that "There was never a script completed that had the entire story as it exists now ... As the stories unfolded, I would take certain ideas and save them ... I kept taking out all the good parts, and I just kept telling myself I would make other movies someday."

Technical advances in the late 1980s and early 1990s, including the ability to create computer-generated imagery (CGI), inspired Lucas to consider that it might be possible to revisit his saga. In 1989, Lucas stated that the prequels would be "unbelievably expensive". In 1992, he acknowledged that he had plans to create the prequel trilogy. A theatrical rerelease of the original trilogy in 1997 "updated" the 20-year-old films with the style of CGI envisioned for the new trilogy.

Episode I: The Phantom Menace was released on May 19, 1999, Episode II: Attack of the Clones on May 16, 2002, and Episode III: Revenge of the Sith on May 19, 2005. The first two films were met with mixed reviews, with the third being received somewhat more positively. Together with the original trilogy, Lucas has referred to the first six episodic films of the franchise as "the tragedy of Darth Vader".

Sequel trilogy

Prior to releasing the original 1977 film, and made possible by its success, Lucas planned "three trilogies of nine films". However, he announced to Time in 1978 that he planned "10 sequels". He confirmed that he had outlined the prequels and sequels in 1981. At various stages of development, the sequel trilogy was to focus on the rebuilding of the Republic, the return of Luke as a Jedi Master (a role similar to that of Obi-Wan Kenobi in the original trilogy), Luke's sister (not yet determined to be Leia), Han, Leia, R2-D2 and C-3PO. However, after beginning work on the prequel trilogy, Lucas insisted that Star Wars was meant to be a six-part series and that there would be no sequel trilogy.

Lucas decided to leave the franchise in the hands of other filmmakers, announcing in January 2012 that he would make no more Star Wars films. That October, the Walt Disney Company agreed to buy Lucasfilm and announced that Episode VII would be released in 2015. The co-chairman of Lucasfilm, Kathleen Kennedy, became president and served as executive producer of new Star Wars feature films. Lucas provided Kennedy his story treatments for the sequels during the 2012 sale, but in 2015 it was revealed Lucas's sequel outline had been discarded. The sequel trilogy also meant the end of the Star Wars Expanded Universe stories, which were discarded from canon to give "maximum creative freedom to the filmmakers and also preserve an element of surprise and discovery for the audience."

Episode VII: The Force Awakens was released on December 16, 2015, Episode VIII: The Last Jedi on December 13, 2017, and Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker on December 18, 2019, in many countries. The Force Awakens and The Last Jedi were both critical and box office successes. Episode IX received a mixed reception from critics and audiences.

Standalone films

Several Star Wars films have been produced separately from the Skywalker Saga. In 2008, Lucasfilm released the animated film The Clone Wars, which is set during the prequel trilogy and serves as the theatrical pilot of the television series of the same name. Following Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm in 2012, an "anthology" film series set between the main episodes of the Skywalker Saga entered development in parallel with the production of the sequel trilogy, described by Disney chief financial officer Jay Rasulo as origin stories.

The first film released was 2016's Rogue One, which tells the story of the rebels who steal the plans for the Death Star, the Galactic Empire's superweapon, just before the events of the original Star Wars film. A second film, 2018's Solo, tells Han Solo's backstory, set 10 years prior to A New Hope. The series Obi-Wan Kenobi was originally planned as a film, but changed to a miniseries due to Solo underperforming at the box office.

Upcoming films

In April 2023, three new Star Wars films were announced to be set within different eras of the franchise. An untitled film written and directed by James Mangold will be set during the "dawn of the Jedi". Dave Filoni will direct a film set between the original and sequel trilogies during the New Republic era, serving as the climax of the various live-action television series that began with The Mandalorian in 2019. Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy will direct a third film about a new Jedi Order, set fifteen years after the sequel trilogy.

In January 2024, it was announced that Jon Favreau would direct a new Star Wars film, titled The Mandalorian & Grogu. In February of the same year, Bob Iger announced that the film would be the first release of the next slate of Star Wars movies. The Mandalorian & Grogu is scheduled for release on May 22, 2026.

Other potential projects

Lucasfilm has a number of Star Wars films in various stages of development, including:

• Untitled Rian Johnson trilogy: In November 2017, a trilogy of movies written by The Last Jedi writer/director Rian Johnson was announced to be in development. In April 2023, Kennedy stated that trilogy of films is still in open development at the studio, with the writer/director working on the story, although it is not currently a priority.
• Untitled David Benioff and D. B. Weiss trilogy: In February 2018, it was announced that David Benioff and D. B. Weiss would serve as writers and producers on a trilogy of new Star Wars movies. The plot would take place chronologically before the prequel trilogy, and center around the origin of the Jedi. By May 2019, the duo were also slated to serve as co-directors of the first installment in their three films. In October of the same year however, the filmmaking duo exited development of the projects due to scheduling conflicts with projects they are developing for Netflix. Kennedy stated that the studio is open to working with the duo, and developing their films once their schedule allows it. In January 2024, the filmmaking duo announced that the working title was The First Jedi and would have followed the titular ancient protagonist. The pair cast doubt on returning to their planned trilogy, commenting on its apparent influence on James Mangold's similarly premised Dawn of the Jedi movie.
• Untitled Taika Waititi film: In May 2020, Taika Waititi signed onto the project which was stated to be the first priority for the studio, with the filmmaker Waititi serving as director from a script he is co-writing with Krysty Wilson-Cairns. In May 2022, the movie was named as the next Star Wars film to begin production ahead of Rogue Squadron, with Kennedy stating that the studio was tentatively looking towards late 2023 for a debut, but had not yet officially set a release date. By April 2023, she stated that the project is still in development, with Waititi continuing to work on the script.
• Rogue Squadron: An anthology film, following the events of Rogue One, will be directed by Patty Jenkins with a script written by Matthew Robinson. In April 2023, Kennedy stated that the script is still in development, with the studio considering changing the project into a television series. In March 2024, Jenkins announced that she had once again commenced working on the script; confirming that developments for the project are ongoing.
• Untitled J.D. Dillard film: In February 2020, a film was announced to be in development from director J. D. Dillard and writer Matt Owens; although, Dillard announced he was no longer to direct that film in November 2022.
• Star Wars: A Droid Story: In December 2020, an animated film centered around the adventures of R2-D2 and C-3PO was announced as being in development; the story will introduce a new heroic character to the franchise, alongside the two returning droids. The project will be a joint-venture production between Lucasfilm Animation, and Industrial Light & Magic. The film is being developed to debut via streaming, exclusively through Disney+.
• Untitled Shawn Levy film: In November 2022, Shawn Levy entered talks to direct a Star Wars film, following his work on Deadpool & Wolverine (2024) and the fifth and final season of Stranger Things. In September 2023, Levy said that development on his Star Wars film began, but would not continue until after the conclusion of the 2023 Writers Guild of America strike.
• Lando: In December 2020, a spin-off series to Solo: A Star Wars Story was announced as being in development. The miniseries which was being developed exclusively for Disney+ was revealed to be centered around Landonis "Lando" Calrissian III, titled Lando. Donald Glover was confirmed at that time to be reprising the lead role, while Justin Simien was named as the series creator and showrunner. By July 2020 however, Donald and Stephen Glover were hired to replace Simien, write and redevelop the show. In September 2023, the show was repurposed to be released as a theatrical film instead.
• Untitled Simon Kinberg trilogy: In November 2024, Simon Kinberg was hired to write and produce the new trilogy of Star Wars movies. The series of movies was reported to be Episode X–XII, though this was also disputed by other sources.

Television

Animated series

The first two animated series, Droids and Ewoks, were produced in the 1980s. They were followed by the Clone Wars animated micro-series in 2003 and the 2008 series of the same name. Following Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, all animated series released prior to 2014, apart from the 2008 series, were discarded from the franchise's canon. Subsequent animated series include Rebels, released in 2014; Resistance, released in 2018; and The Bad Batch, released in 2021.

Several micro-series and shorts have also been released by Lucasfilm since Disney's acquisition, with the earlier animated series falling under Disney's "Vintage" collection of Star Wars content.

Live-action series

The Star Wars franchise includes several live-action series. The first series, The Mandalorian, was released in 2019 for the streaming service Disney+ and is set between the original and sequel trilogies of the Skywalker Saga. Due to its success, the series spawned multiple live-action spin-offs set during the same fictional era, including The Book of Boba Fett, released in 2021; Ahsoka, released in 2023; and Skeleton Crew, released in 2024. These series follow the plight of the New Republic and its allies against the remnants of the fallen Galactic Empire.

A story focused on Obi-Wan Kenobi was planned as a film before becoming a live-action series after the box office failure of Solo in 2018. The series was released on Disney+ in 2022 and is set between the prequel and original trilogy films. It was followed by the live-action series Andor in the same year; both series follow their titular characters during the reign of the Empire.

The Acolyte is a series created by Leslye Headland set at the end of the High Republic era before the events of the Skywalker Saga, and follows an investigation into a series of murders of Jedi Masters.

Films and specials

Fictional timeline

The Star Wars canon fictional universe spans multiple eras, of which three are focused around each of the film trilogies. The following eras were defined in January 2021, and further refined and expanded in April 2023:

• Dawn of the Jedi: The first Jedi wields the Force, which will be depicted in an upcoming untitled film.
• The Old Republic: The Galactic Republic is founded and the Jedi Order emerges to protect it. A schism within the Jedi leads to the creation of the Sith.
• The High Republic: Under the protection of the Jedi, the Republic grows into a golden age. This era includes The Acolyte, The High Republic literary works and the animated series Young Jedi Adventures.
• Fall of the Jedi: The Republic's Supreme Chancellor, Palpatine (secretly the Sith lord Darth Sidious), orchestrates the Clone Wars, overthrows the Republic, exterminates the Jedi Order and corrupts Anakin Skywalker. This era includes the prequel trilogy films, the beginning of the episodic Skywalker Saga, and the animated series Tales of the Jedi and The Clone Wars.
• Reign of the Empire: Palpatine's Galactic Empire rules the galaxy and the remaining Jedi are hunted down. This era includes Solo: A Star Wars Story, Obi-Wan Kenobi, Andor, Rogue One, the animated series The Bad Batch and Rebels, and the video games Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order, Star Wars Jedi: Survivor and Vader Immortal.
• Age of Rebellion: The Rebellion against the Empire spreads across the galaxy, while the Jedi return with the emergence of Luke Skywalker. This era includes the original trilogy films and the video games Star Wars Battlefront II and Star Wars: Squadrons.
• The New Republic: Following the Empire's defeat, the emergent New Republic attempts to reunite the galaxy, while threatened by the remnants of the Empire. This era includes The Mandalorian, The Book of Boba Fett, Ahsoka, and Skeleton Crew.
• Rise of the First Order: The remnants of the Empire transform into the First Order but are fought by the Resistance, climaxing with the defeat of Palpatine and the Sith by the Jedi Rey. This era includes the sequel trilogy films, the animated series Star Wars Resistance and the video game Star Wars: Tales from the Galaxy's Edge.
• New Jedi Order: Rey builds a new Jedi Order, which will be depicted in an upcoming untitled film.

The Expanded Universe of spin-off media depicts different levels of continuity, which were deemed non-canonical and rebranded as Legends on April 25, 2014, to make most subsequent works align to the episodic films, The Clone Wars film, and television series.

Other media

From 1976 to 2014, the term Expanded Universe (EU) was an umbrella term for all officially licensed Star Wars storytelling material set outside the events depicted within the theatrical films, including novels, comics, and video games. Lucasfilm maintained internal continuity between the films and television content and the EU material until April 25, 2014, when the company announced all of the EU works would cease production. Existing works would no longer be considered canon to the franchise and subsequent reprints would be rebranded under the Star Wars Legends label, with downloadable content for the massively multiplayer online game The Old Republic the only Legends material to still be produced. The Star Wars canon was subsequently restructured to only include the existing six feature films, the animated film The Clone Wars (2008), and its companion animated series. All future projects and creative developments across all types of media would be overseen and coordinated by the story group, announced as a division of Lucasfilm created to maintain continuity and a cohesive vision on the storytelling of the franchise. Multiple comics series from Marvel and novels published by Del Rey were produced after the announcement. Since the new canon has been introduced, there has been a multitude of pieces of Expanded Universe continuity that have become a part of canon.

Print media

Star Wars in print predates the release of the first film, with the November 1976 novelization of Star Wars, initially subtitled "From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker". Credited to Lucas, it was ghostwritten by Alan Dean Foster. The first "Expanded Universe" story appeared in Marvel Comics' Star Wars #7 in January 1978 (the first six issues being an adaptation of the film), followed by Foster's sequel novel Splinter of the Mind's Eye the following month.

Novels

After penning the novelization of the original film, Foster followed it with the sequel Splinter of the Mind's Eye (1978). The novelizations of The Empire Strikes Back (1980) by Donald F. Glut and Return of the Jedi (1983) by James Kahn followed, as well as The Han Solo Adventures trilogy (1979–1980) by Brian Daley, and The Adventures of Lando Calrissian trilogy (1983) by L. Neil Smith.

Timothy Zahn's bestselling Thrawn trilogy (1991–1993) reignited interest in the franchise and introduced the popular characters Grand Admiral Thrawn, Mara Jade, Talon Karrde, and Gilad Pellaeon. The first novel, Heir to the Empire, reached #1 on the New York Times Best Seller list, and the series finds Luke, Leia, and Han facing off against tactical genius Thrawn, who is plotting to retake the galaxy for the Empire. In The Courtship of Princess Leia (1994) by Dave Wolverton, set immediately before the Thrawn trilogy, Leia considers an advantageous political marriage to Prince Isolder of the planet Hapes, but she and Han ultimately marry. Steve Perry's Shadows of the Empire (1996), set between The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, was part of a multimedia campaign that included a comic book series and video game. The novel introduced the crime lord Prince Xizor, another popular character who would appear in multiple other works. Other notable series from Bantam include the Jedi Academy trilogy (1994) by Kevin J. Anderson, the 14-book Young Jedi Knights series (1995–1998) by Anderson and Rebecca Moesta, and the X-wing series (1996–2012) by Michael A. Stackpole and Aaron Allston.

Del Rey took over Star Wars book publishing in 1999, releasing what would become a 19-installment novel series called The New Jedi Order (1999–2003). Written by multiple authors, the series was set 25 to 30 years after the original films and introduced the Yuuzhan Vong, a powerful alien race attempting to invade and conquer the entire galaxy. The bestselling multi-author series Legacy of the Force (2006–2008) chronicles the crossover of Han and Leia's son Jacen Solo to the dark side of the Force; among his evil deeds, he kills Luke's wife Mara Jade as a sacrifice to join the Sith. Although no longer canon, the story is paralleled in The Force Awakens with Han and Leia's son Ben Solo, who becomes the evil Kylo Ren.

Three series set in the prequel era were published by Scholastic for younger audiences: the 18-book Jedi Apprentice (1999–2002) chronicles the adventures of Obi-Wan Kenobi and his master Qui-Gon Jinn in the years before The Phantom Menace; the 11-book Jedi Quest (2001–2004) follows Obi-Wan and his own apprentice, Anakin Skywalker in between The Phantom Menace and Attack of the Clones; and the 10-book The Last of the Jedi (2005–2008), set almost immediately after Revenge of the Sith, features Obi-Wan and the last few surviving Jedi. In 2019, a new prequel era novel, starring Qui-Gon and the young Obi-Wan, was published by Del Rey under the title Star Wars: Master and Apprentice.

Although Thrawn had been designated a Legends character in 2014, he was reintroduced into the canon in 2016 for the third season of the Rebels animated series, with Zahn returning to write more novels based on the character and set in the new canon.

Comics

Marvel Comics published a Star Wars comic book series from 1977 to 1986. Original Star Wars comics were serialized in the Marvel magazine Pizzazz between 1977 and 1979. The 1977 installments were the first original Star Wars stories not directly adapted from the films to appear in print form, as they preceded those of the Star Wars comic series. From 1985 to 1987, the animated children's series Ewoks and Droids inspired comic series from Marvel's Star Comics line. According to Marvel Comics former Editor-In-Chief Jim Shooter, the strong sales of Star Wars comics saved Marvel financially in 1977 and 1978. Marvel's Star Wars series was one of the industry's top selling titles in 1979 and 1980. The only downside for Marvel was that the 100,000 copy sales quota was surpassed quickly, allowing Lippincott to renegotiate the royalty arrangements from a position of strength.

In the late 1980s, Marvel dropped a new Star Wars comic it had in development, which was picked up by Dark Horse Comics and published as the popular Dark Empire series (1991–1995). Dark Horse subsequently launched dozens of series set after the original film trilogy, including Tales of the Jedi (1993–1998), X-wing Rogue Squadron (1995–1998), Star Wars: Republic (1998–2006), Star Wars Tales (1999–2005), Star Wars: Empire (2002–2006), and Knights of the Old Republic (2006–2010).

After Disney's acquisition of Lucasfilm, it was announced in January 2014 that in 2015 the Star Wars comics license would return to Marvel Comics, whose parent company, Marvel Entertainment, Disney had purchased in 2009. Launched in 2015, the first three publications were titled Star Wars, Darth Vader, and the miniseries Princess Leia.

First announced as Project Luminous at Star Wars Celebration in April 2019, the Star Wars: The High Republic publishing initiative was revealed in a press conference in February 2020. Involving the majority of the then current officially licensed publishers, a new era set 200 years before the Skywalker Saga was explored in various books and comics. Including ongoing titles by Marvel and IDW Publishing, written by Cavan Scott and Daniel José Older respectively.

Marvel Comics will publish a one-shot comic book on September 4, 2024, that bridges the gap between the High Republic publishing initiative and the events of The Acolyte. Titled Star Wars: The Acolyte – Kelnacca, the one-shot was written by High Republic writer Cavan Scott with art by Marika Cresta. It focuses on Kelnacca, the Wookiee Jedi introduced in The Acolyte.

Audio

Soundtracks and singles

John Williams composed the soundtracks for the nine episodic films. He stated he would retire from the franchise with The Rise of Skywalker, but he composed a theme for Obi-Wan Kenobi for the miniseries and Han Solo's theme for Solo: A Star Wars Story. Williams also created the main theme for Galaxy's Edge.

Several other composers worked on other soundtracks, including John Powell (Obi-Wan Kenobi), Michael Giacchino (Rogue One), and Ludwig Göransson (The Mandalorian).

Audio novels

The first Star Wars audio work is The Story of Star Wars, an LP using audio samples from the original film and a new narration to retell the story, released in 1977. Most later printed novels were adapted into audio novels, usually released on cassette tape and re-released on CD. As of 2019, audio-only novels have been released not directly based on printed media.

Radio

Radio adaptations of the films were also produced. Lucas, a fan of the NPR-affiliated campus radio station of his alma mater the University of Southern California, licensed the Star Wars radio rights to KUSC-FM for US$1. The production used John Williams's original film score, along with Ben Burtt's sound effects.

The first was written by science-fiction author Brian Daley and directed by John Madden. It was broadcast on National Public Radio in 1981, adapting the original 1977 film into 13 episodes. Mark Hamill and Anthony Daniels reprised their film roles.

The overwhelming success, led to a 10-episode adaptation of The Empire Strikes Back debuted in 1983. Billy Dee Williams joined the other two stars, reprising his role as Lando Calrissian.

In 1983, Buena Vista Records released an original, 30-minute Star Wars audio drama titled Rebel Mission to Ord Mantell, written by Daley. In the 1990s, Time Warner Audio Publishing adapted several Star Wars series from Dark Horse Comics into audio dramas: the three-part Dark Empire saga, Tales of the Jedi, Dark Lords of the Sith, the Dark Forces trilogy, and Crimson Empire (1998). Return of the Jedi was adapted into 6-episodes in 1996, featuring Daniels.

Video games

The Star Wars franchise has spawned over one hundred computer, video, and board games, dating back to some of the earliest home consoles. Some are based directly on the movie material, while others rely heavily on the non-canonical Expanded Universe (rebranded as Star Wars Legends and removed from the canon in 2014). Star Wars games have gone through three significant development eras, marked by a change in leadership among the developers: the early licensed games, those developed after the creation of LucasArts, and those created after the closure of the Lucasfilm division by Disney and the transfer of the license to Electronic Arts.

Early licensed games (1979–1993)

The first officially licensed electronic Star Wars game was Kenner's 1979 table-top Star Wars Electronic Battle Command. In 1982, Parker Brothers published the first Star Wars video game for the Atari 2600, Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, followed soon the year later by Star Wars: Jedi Arena, the first video game to depict lightsaber combat. They were followed in 1983 by Atari's rail shooter arcade game Star Wars, with vector graphics to replicate the Death Star trench run scene from the 1977 film. The next game, Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (1984), has more traditional raster graphics, while the following Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1985) has vector graphics.

Platform games were made for the Nintendo Entertainment System, including the Japan-exclusive Star Wars (1987), an international Star Wars (1991), and Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1992). Super Star Wars (1992) was released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, with two sequels over the next two years.

LucasArts and modern self-published games (1993–2014)

Lucasfilm founded its own video game company in 1982, becoming best known for adventure games and World War II flight combat games, but as George Lucas took more interest in the increasing success of the video game market, he wanted to have more creative control over the games and founded his own development company, LucasArts. Improved graphics allowed games to tell complex narratives, which allowed for the retelling of the films, and eventually original narratives set in the same continuity, with voice-overs and CGI cutscenes. In 1993, LucasArts released Star Wars: X-Wing, the first self-published Star Wars video game and the first space flight simulator based on the franchise. It was one of the bestselling video games of 1993 and established its own series of games. The Rogue Squadron series was released between 1998 and 2003, also focusing on space battles set during the films.

Dark Forces (1995), a hybrid adventure game incorporating puzzles and strategy, was the first Star Wars first-person shooter. It featured gameplay and graphical features not then common in other games, made possible by LucasArts' custom-designed game engine, the Jedi. The game was well received, and it was followed by four sequels. The series introduced Kyle Katarn, who would appear in multiple games, novels, and comics. Katarn is a former stormtrooper who joins the Rebellion and becomes a Jedi, a plot arc similar to that of Finn in the sequel trilogy films. A massively multiplayer online role-playing game, Star Wars Galaxies, was in operation from 2003 until 2011. After Disney bought Lucasfilm, LucasArts ceased its role as a developer in 2013, although it still operates as a licensor.

EA Star Wars (2014–present)

Following its acquisition of the franchise, Disney reassigned video game rights to Electronic Arts. Games made during this era are considered canonical, and feature more influence from the Star Wars filmmakers. Disney partnered with Lenovo to create the augmented reality video game Jedi Challenges, released in November 2017. In August 2018, it was announced that Zynga would publish free-to-play Star Wars mobile games. The Battlefront games received a canonical reboot with Star Wars: Battlefront in November 2015, which was followed by a sequel, Battlefront II, in November 2017. A single-player action-adventure game, Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order, with an original story and cast of characters, was released in November 2019. A space combat game titled Star Wars: Squadrons, which builds upon the space battles from Battlefront, was released in October 2020.

Theme park attractions

In addition to the Disneyland ride Star Tours (1987) and its successor, Star Tours: The Adventures Continue (2011), many live attractions have been held at Disney parks, including the traveling exhibition Where Science Meets Imagination, the Space Mountain spin-off Hyperspace Mountain, a walkthrough Launch Bay, and the night-time A Galactic Spectacular. An immersive themed area called Galaxy's Edge (2019) opened at Disneyland and opened at Walt Disney World in mid-2019. A themed hotel, Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser, operated from 2022 to 2023 at Walt Disney World.

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Multimedia projects

A multimedia project involves works released across multiple types of media. Shadows of the Empire (1996) was a multimedia project set between The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi that included a novel by Steve Perry, a comic book series, a video game, and action figures. The Force Unleashed (2008–2010) was a similar project set between Revenge of the Sith and A New Hope that included a novel, a 2008 video game and its 2010 sequel, a graphic novel, a role-playing game supplement, and toys.

Merchandising

The success of the Star Wars films led the franchise to become one of the most merchandised franchises in the world. While filming the original 1977 film, George Lucas decided to take a $500,000 pay cut to his salary as director in exchange for full ownership of the franchise's merchandising rights. By 1987, the first three films have made US$2.6 billion in merchandising revenue. By 2012, the first six films produced approximately US$20 billion in merchandising revenue.

Kenner Products made the first Star Wars action figures to coincide with the release of the original film, and today the original figures are highly valuable. Since the 1990s, Hasbro holds the rights to create action figures based on the saga. Pez dispensers began to be produced in 1997. Star Wars was the first intellectual property to be licensed in Lego history. Lego has produced animated parody short films and mini-series to promote their Star Wars sets. The Lego Star Wars video games are critically acclaimed bestsellers.

In 1977, the board game Star Wars: Escape from the Death Star was released. A Star Wars Monopoly and themed versions of Trivial Pursuit and Battleship were released in 1997, with updated versions released in subsequent years. The board game Risk has been adapted in two editions by Hasbro: The Clone Wars Edition (2005) and the Original Trilogy Edition (2006). Three Star Wars tabletop role-playing games have been developed: a version by West End Games in the 1980s and 1990s, one by Wizards of the Coast in the 2000s, and one by Fantasy Flight Games in the 2010s.

Star Wars Trading Cards have been published since the first "blue" series, by Topps, in 1977. Dozens of series have been produced, with Topps being the licensed creator in the United States. Each card series are of film stills or original art. Many of the cards have become highly collectible with some very rare "promos", such as the 1993 Galaxy Series II "floating Yoda" P3 card often commanding US$1,000 or more. While most "base" or "common card" sets are plentiful, many "insert" or "chase cards" are very rare. From 1995 until 2001, Decipher, Inc. had the license for, created, and produced the Star Wars Customizable Card Game.

Themes

Star Wars features elements such as knighthood, chivalry, and Jungian archetypes such as "the shadow". There are also many references to Christianity, such as in the appearance of Darth Maul, whose design draws heavily from traditional depictions of the devil. Anakin was conceived of a virgin birth, and is assumed to be the "Chosen One", a messianic individual. However, unlike Jesus, Anakin falls from grace, remaining evil as Darth Vader until Return of the Jedi. According to Adam Driver, sequel trilogy villain Kylo Ren, who idolizes Vader, believes he is "doing what he thinks is right". George Lucas has said that the theme of the saga is redemption.

The saga draws heavily from the hero's journey, an archetypical template developed by comparative mythologist Joseph Campbell. Each character—primarily Anakin, Luke, and Rey—follows the steps of the cycle or undergoes its reversal, becoming the villain. A defining step of the journey is "Atonement with the Father". Obi-Wan's loss of a father figure could have impacted his relationship with Anakin, whom both Obi-Wan and Palpatine are fatherlike mentors to. Luke's discovery that Vader is his father has strong repercussions on the saga and is regarded as one of the most influential plot twists in cinema. Supreme Leader Snoke encourages Kylo Ren to kill his father, Han Solo. Kylo uses the fact that Rey is an orphan to tempt her into joining the dark side. According to Inverse, the final scene in The Last Jedi, which depicts servant children playing with a toy of Luke and one boy using the Force, symbolizes that "the Force can be found in people with humble beginnings."

Historical influences

Political science has been an important element of Star Wars since the franchise launched in 1977, focusing on a struggle between democracy and dictatorship. Battles featuring the Ewoks and Gungans against the Empire and Trade Federation, respectively, represent the clash between a primitive society and a more advanced one, similar to the Vietnam-American War. Darth Vader's design was initially inspired by Samurai armor, and also incorporated a German military helmet. Originally, Lucas conceived of the Sith as a group that served the Emperor in the same way the Schutzstaffel (SS) served Adolf Hitler, but this was condensed into one character in the form of Vader. Stormtroopers borrow the name of World War I German "shock" troopers. Imperial officers wear uniforms resembling those of German forces during World War II, and political and security officers resemble the black-clad SS down to the stylized silver death's head on their caps. World War II terms were used for names in the films; e.g. the planets Kessel (a term that refers to a group of encircled forces) and Hoth (after a German general who served on the snow-laden Eastern Front). Shots of the commanders looking through AT-AT walker viewscreens in The Empire Strikes Back resemble tank interiors, and space battles in the original film were based on World War I and World War II dogfights.

Palpatine being a chancellor before becoming the Emperor in the prequel trilogy alludes to Hitler's role before appointing himself Führer. Lucas has also drawn parallels to historical dictators such as Julius Caesar, Napoleon Bonaparte, and politicians like Richard Nixon. The Great Jedi Purge mirrors the events of the Night of the Long Knives. The corruption of the Galactic Republic is modeled after the fall of the democratic Roman Republic and the formation of an empire.

On the inspiration for the First Order formed "from the ashes of the Empire", The Force Awakens director J. J. Abrams spoke of conversations the writers had about how the Nazis could have escaped to Argentina after WWII and "started working together again."

• The aerial warfare of WWII inspired the space fights.
• The flag and iconography of the Empire resembles those of the Nazi Party and Germany during its rule.

Cultural impact

The Star Wars saga has had a significant impact on popular culture, with references to its fictional universe deeply embedded in everyday life. Phrases like "evil empire" and "May the Force be with you" have become part of the popular lexicon. The first Star Wars film in 1977 was a cultural unifier, enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people. The film can be said to have helped launch the science-fiction boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s, making science-fiction films a mainstream genre. The widespread impact made it a prime target for parody works and homages, with popular examples including Hardware Wars, Spaceballs, The Family Guy Trilogy and Robot Chicken: Star Wars.

In 1989, the Library of Congress selected the original Star Wars film for preservation in the U.S. National Film Registry, as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant." The Empire Strikes Back was selected in 2010, and Return of the Jedi was selected in 2021. 35 mm reels of the 1997 Special Editions were the versions initially presented for preservation because of the difficulty of transferring from the original prints, but it was later revealed that the Library possesses a copyright deposit print of the original theatrical releases.

Industry

The original Star Wars film was a huge success for 20th Century Fox, and was credited for reinvigorating the company. Within three weeks of the film's release, the studio's stock price doubled to a record high. Prior to 1977, 20th Century Fox's greatest annual profits were $37 million, while in 1977, the company broke that record by posting a profit of $79 million. The franchise helped Fox to change from an almost bankrupt production company to a thriving media conglomerate. With over $10.3 billion in worldwide box office receipts, Star Wars is the second-highest-grossing film franchise of all time.

Star Wars fundamentally changed the aesthetics and narratives of Hollywood films, switching the focus of Hollywood-made films from deep, meaningful stories based on dramatic conflict, themes and irony to sprawling special-effects-laden blockbusters, as well as changing the Hollywood film industry in fundamental ways. Before Star Wars, special effects in films had not appreciably advanced since the 1950s. The commercial success of Star Wars created a boom in state-of-the-art special effects in the late 1970s. Along with Jaws, Star Wars started the tradition of the summer blockbuster film in the entertainment industry, where films open on many screens at the same time and profitable franchises are important. It created the model for the major film trilogy and showed that merchandising rights on a film could generate more money than the film itself did.

Film critic Roger Ebert wrote in his book The Great Movies, "Like The Birth of a Nation and Citizen Kane, Star Wars was a technical watershed that influenced many of the movies that came after." It began a new generation of special effects and high-energy motion pictures. The film was one of the first films to link genres together to invent a new, high-concept genre for filmmakers to build upon. Finally, along with Steven Spielberg's Jaws, it shifted the film industry's focus away from personal filmmaking of the 1970s and towards fast-paced, big-budget blockbusters for younger audiences.

Some critics have blamed Star Wars and Jaws for "ruining" Hollywood by shifting its focus from "sophisticated" films such as The Godfather, Taxi Driver, and Annie Hall to films about spectacle and juvenile fantasy, and for the industry shift from stand-alone, one and done films, towards blockbuster franchises with multiple sequels and prequels. One such critic, Peter Biskind, complained, "When all was said and done, Lucas and Spielberg returned the 1970s audience, grown sophisticated on a diet of European and New Hollywood films, to the simplicities of the pre-1960s Golden Age of movies... They marched backward through the looking-glass." In an opposing view, Tom Shone wrote that through Star Wars and Jaws, Lucas and Spielberg "didn't betray cinema at all: they plugged it back into the grid, returning the medium to its roots as a carnival sideshow, a magic act, one big special effect", which was "a kind of rebirth".

The original Star Wars trilogy is widely considered one of the best film trilogies in history. Numerous filmmakers have been influenced by Star Wars, including Damon Lindelof, Dean Devlin, Roland Emmerich, John Lasseter, David Fincher, Joss Whedon, John Singleton, Kevin Smith, and later Star Wars directors J. J. Abrams and Gareth Edwards. Lucas's concept of a "used universe" particularly influenced Ridley Scott's Blade Runner (1982) and Alien (1979), James Cameron's Aliens (1986) as well as The Terminator (1984), George Miller's Mad Max 2 (1981), and Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings trilogy (2001–2003). Christopher Nolan cited Star Wars as an influence when making the 2010 blockbuster film Inception.

Fan works

The Star Wars saga has inspired many fans to create their own non-canon material set in the Star Wars galaxy. In recent years, this has ranged from writing fan fiction to creating fan films. In 2002, Lucasfilm sponsored the first annual Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards, officially recognizing filmmakers and the genre. Because of concerns over potential copyright and trademark issues, however, the contest was initially open only to parodies, mockumentaries, and documentaries. Fan fiction films set in the Star Wars universe were originally ineligible, but in 2007, Lucasfilm changed the submission standards to allow in-universe fiction entries. Lucasfilm has allowed but not endorsed the creation of fan fiction, as long as it does not attempt to make a profit.

Academia

As the characters and the storyline of the original trilogy are so well known, educators have used the films in the classroom as a learning resource. For example, a project in Western Australia honed elementary school students storytelling skills by role-playing action scenes from the movies and later creating props and audio/visual scenery to enhance their performance. Others have used the films to encourage second-level students to integrate technology in the science classroom by making prototype lightsabers. Similarly, psychiatrists in New Zealand and the U.S. have advocated their use in the university classroom to explain different types of psychopathology.

See also

• 501st Legion
• Architecture of Star Wars
• Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars
• Jedi census phenomenon
• Jediism
• List of space science fiction franchises
• List of Star Wars characters
• List of Star Wars creatures
• List of Star Wars planets and moons
• Music of Star Wars
• Physics and Star Wars
• Star Wars Celebration
• Star Wars Day
• Star Wars documentaries
• Star Wars: The High Republic
• Space warfare in fiction
• The Force
• The Story of Star Wars
• Technology in Star Wars
• Wookieepedia, the Star Wars wiki

Notes

1. ^ The film's release was preceded by its novelization in November 1976.
2. Most existing spin-off media was made non-canon and rebranded as 'Legends' in April 2014.
3. Lucas started by researching the inspiration behind Alex Raymond's Flash Gordon comic, leading him to the works of author Edgar Rice Burroughs—the John Carter of Mars series in particular.
4. Played by Jake Lloyd as a child in Episode I
5. Each film was released two days later in the U.S.
6. The original trilogy depicts the galaxy as dirty and grimy in George Lucas's depiction of a "used universe".
7. Not to be confused with the board game with the same name published in 1990
8. In his early drafts, Lucas used the plot point of a dictator staying in power with the support of the military. In his comment (made in the prequel trilogy era) Lucas attributed this to Nixon's supposed intention to defy the 22nd Amendment, but the president resigned and never ran for a third term.

References

1. ^ "The Legendary Star Wars Expanded Universe Turns a New Page". StarWars.com. April 25, 2014. Archived from the original on September 10, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
2. Star Wars: Episode IV: A New Hope (DVD). 20th Century Fox. 2006.
3. "Battle droid". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on August 10, 2021. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
4. Lewis, Ann Margaret (April 3, 2001). Star Wars: The Essential Guide to Alien Species. LucasBooks. ISBN 978-0-345-44220-8.
5. Wallace, Daniel (February 16, 1999). Star Wars: The Essential Guide to Droids. LucasBooks. ISBN 978-0-345-42067-1.
6. Smith, Bill (March 19, 1996). Star Wars: The Essential Guide to Vehicles and Vessels. LucasBooks. ISBN 978-0-345-39299-2.
7. Wenz, John (April 23, 2015). "Could the Planets in Star Wars Actually Support Life?". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
8. "Asteroid Field". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on May 27, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
9. "Archeon Nebula". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on June 11, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
10. "X-wing starfighter". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 8, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
11. "Super Star Destroyer". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
12. "Death Star". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 8, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
13. "HoloNet News". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 11, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
14. Allain, Rhett. "The Physics in Star Wars Isn't Always Right, and That's OK". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on May 27, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
15. "6 Great Quotes About the Force". StarWars.com. July 25, 2016. Archived from the original on November 11, 2018. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
16. "How to Teach Kids About Worldviews Through 'Star Wars' | SCENES". April 26, 2018. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
17. The Empire Strikes Back (DVD). 20th Century Fox. 2004.
18. ""Nothing is impossible for the Force": A Joint Retrospective on the first Darth Vader Comic Series – Mynock Manor". mynockmanor.com. March 31, 2017. Archived from the original on January 11, 2023. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
19. "Jedi Order". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
20. "Sith". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
21. Nicholas, Christopher (2016). Star Wars: I Am a Jedi. Little Golden Books. Illustrated by Ron Cohee. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-0-7364-3487-4.
22. "Galatic Empire". StarWars.com. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
23. "Lightsaber". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on October 24, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
24. "Blaster pistol". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on March 17, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
25. ^ "Hutt clan". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 2, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
26. McCoy, Joshua Kristian (February 5, 2022). "Other Genres Star Wars Should Try Out". Game Rant. Archived from the original on May 27, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2022.
27. Murphy, Mike (May 25, 2017). "The $11 million spent on "Star Wars" in 1977 was the best film investment ever made". Quartz. Archived from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
28. Gilbey, Ryan (September 26, 2018). "Gary Kurtz obituary". TheGuardian.com. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
29. Nashawaty, Chris (November 29, 2010). "'Empire Strikes Back' director Irvin Kershner: An appreciation". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on December 24, 2019.
30. Floyd, James (May 12, 2020). "EMPIRE at 40 | 7 Little-Known Facts About the Making of Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back". starwars.com. Archived from the original on June 8, 2020.
31. ^ Robbins, Shawn (May 21, 2020). "Celebrating the Star Wars Franchise's Box Office Impact as The Empire Strikes Back Turns 40". Boxoffice Pro. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020.
32. Thomas-Mason, Lee (September 18, 2020). "A side-by-side comparison of Denis Villeneuve's 'Dune' trailer to the David Lynch effort". Far Out Magazine. Archived from the original on October 15, 2020.
33. VanDerWerff, Emily (May 19, 2019). "The Star Wars prequels are bad — and insightful about American politics". Vox. Archived from the original on October 10, 2020.
34. Franich, Darren (November 20, 2019). "Star Wars rewatch: Why is Attack of the Clones so heartless?". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on November 21, 2019.
35. Bonomolo, Cameron (May 16, 2020). "Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones Opened 18 Years Ago Today". ComicBook.com. Archived from the original on June 1, 2020.
36. Leadbeater, Alex (May 19, 2020). "Revenge of the Sith Is The Best Star Wars Story Ever Told (Just Not Lucas' Version)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on May 29, 2020.
37. Pirrello, Phil (May 19, 2020). "How 'Revenge of the Sith' Almost Broke 'Star Wars'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 1, 2020.
38. Sullivan, Kevin P. (December 18, 2015). "'Star Wars': What 'The Force Awakens' gets right that the prequels got wrong". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 22, 2016.
39. Hipes, Patrick (January 23, 2017). "'Star Wars: Episode VIII' Gets A Title". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 7, 2017.
40. Mandalit Del Barco (December 15, 2017). "For 'Last Jedi' Director, The Journey To 'Star Wars' Began With Action Figures". NPR. Archived from the original on September 11, 2020.
41. Hammond, Pete (December 18, 2019). "'Star Wars: The Rise Of Skywalker' Review: Director J.J. Abrams Throws Everything Against The Wall And Most Of It Sticks". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 8, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
42. Lawrence, Gregory (November 15, 2019). "Exclusive: 'Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker' Final Writing Credits Revealed". Collider. Archived from the original on September 9, 2020.
43. Leadbeater, Alex (January 24, 2017). "A Brief History of Star Wars Titles". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 6, 2019. ... how the Star Wars saga is currently evolving ... Lucasfilm fluctuated between Star Wars Anthology and A Star Wars Story, before settling on the latter. ... Episode VIII becoming The Last Jedi continues this trend, ... the announcement calls it "the next chapter in the Skywalker saga," solidifying "Skywalker Saga" as the official banner for the numbered episodes.
44. "How to watch the Star Wars movies in order". The Wrap. November 2, 2023. Archived from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
45. "Emperor Palpatine / Darth Sidious". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
46. Return of the Jedi (Blu-ray). 20th Century Fox. 1983.
47. Revenge of the Sith (Blu-ray). 20th Century Fox. 2005.
48. "Skywalker: A Family at War, a New Star Wars Biography, Revealed". StarWars.com. January 21, 2021. Archived from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
49. ^ Young, Bryan (December 21, 2015). "The Cinema Behind Star Wars: John Carter". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved September 17, 2018.
50. Vallely, Jean (June 12, 1980). "The Empire Strikes Back and So Does Filmmaker George Lucas With His Sequel to Star Wars". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media LLC.
51. Rinzler 2007, p. 8.
52. "Starkiller". Jedi Bendu. Archived from the original on June 28, 2006. Retrieved March 27, 2008.
53. "How Has the UK Shaped Star Wars?". May 4, 2022. Archived from the original on November 4, 2022. Retrieved November 4, 2022.
54. Hidalgo, Pablo (February 15, 2019). "(And just to preemptively 'well, actually' myself, 'Episode IV: A New Hope' was made public by publishing it in the screenplay in 1979's Art of Star Wars book. But it wasn't added to the crawl until 1981)" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
55. Kaminski 2008, p. 142.
56. ^ Steranko, "George Lucas", Prevue #42, September–October 1980.
57. ^ "Gary Kurtz Reveals Original Plans for Episodes 1–9". TheForce.net. May 26, 1999. Archived from the original on September 29, 2012. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
58. Lucas, George (1980). "Interview: George Lucas" (PDF). Bantha Tracks. No. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 23, 2013. Retrieved October 11, 2018.
59. Kaminski 2008, p. 494.
60. Worrell, Denise. Icons: Intimate Portraits. p. 185.
61. Kaminski 2008, p. 303.
62. Kaminski 2008, p. 312.
63. "20 Years Ago, 'Star Wars: Special Edition' Made 'Star Wars' Special Again". Forbes. February 1, 2017. Archived from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved November 5, 2023.
64. "Episode III Release Dates Announced". StarWars.com. April 5, 2004. Archived from the original on April 15, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2008.
65. Wakeman, Gregory (December 4, 2014). "George Lucas Was Terrible At Predicting The Future Of Star Wars". CinemaBlend. Archived from the original on January 14, 2020. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
66. ^ "Mark Hamill talks Star Wars 7, 8 and 9!". MovieWeb. September 10, 2004. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved October 18, 2008.
67. "George Lucas' Galactic Empire". TIME. March 6, 1978. Archived from the original on November 3, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
68. Kerry O'Quinn. "The George Lucas Saga Chapter 3: 'The Revenge of the Box Office'". Starlog #50, September 1981.
69. Gerald Clarke. "The Empire Strikes Back!" Archived August 25, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Time, May 19, 1980. Retrieved September 26, 2012.
70. Warren, Bill. "Maker of Myths". Starlog. No. #237, April 1997.
71. Kerry O'Quinn. "The George Lucas Saga Chapter 1: 'A New View'", Starlog #48, July 1981.
72. Lucas, George (1997). Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back. Del Rey. p. i.
73. "George Lucas talks on Star Wars sequels 7, 8 & 9". Killer Movies. September 13, 2004. Archived from the original on October 11, 2008. Retrieved October 18, 2008.
74. "George Lucas Done With 'Star Wars' Fanboys, Talks 'Red Tails'". The Huffington Post. January 17, 2012. Archived from the original on January 18, 2012. Retrieved January 17, 2012.
75. Nakashima, Ryan (October 30, 2012). "Disney to make new 'Star Wars' films, buy Lucas co". Yahoo!. Archived from the original on October 30, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
76. Block, Alex (October 30, 2012). "Disney to Buy Lucasfilm for Billion; New 'Star Wars' Movie Set for 2015". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on November 1, 2012. Retrieved October 31, 2012.
77. "George Lucas & Kathleen Kennedy Discuss Disney and the Future of Star Wars". YouTube.com. Lucasfilm. October 30, 2012. Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019. I have story treatments of VII, VIII, and IX ... and I have complete confidence that 's going to take them and make great movies.
78. Breznican, Anthony (November 20, 2015). "George Lucas on 'Star Wars: The Force Awakens': 'They weren't keen to have me involved'". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019. hey looked at the stories and they said, 'We want to make something for the fans' ... So I said, 'All I want to do is tell a story of what happened'.
79. Sciretta, Peter. "Interview: J.J. Abrams Talks About Abandoning George Lucas' Treatments and Lessons of the Star Wars Prequels". Slashfilm. Archived from the original on March 28, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2019. I came on board, and Disney had already decided they didn't want to go that direction. So the mandate was to start from scratch.
80. Epstein, Adam (December 16, 2015). "'Star Wars: The Force Awakens' reviews are in, and they're overwhelmingly positive". Quartz. Archived from the original on December 26, 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
81. D'Alessandro, Anthony (December 17, 2017). "Did Audiences Enjoy 'Star Wars: The Last Jedi'? Deciphering Online User Reviews From Exit Polls". Deadline. Archived from the original on December 23, 2018. Retrieved February 26, 2021.
82. Breznican, Anthony (December 21, 2019). "J.J. Abrams on The Rise of Skywalker Critics and Defenders: "They're All Right"". Vanity Fair. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on December 23, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
83. Busch, Anita (May 31, 2016). "'Rogue One': Re-Shoots But No Test Screening; Release Date Not Impacted". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
84. Hammond, Pete (May 24, 2018). "'Solo: A Star Wars Story' Review: Han, Chewy & Lando Save The Day In Rip-Roarin' Origin Story". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2020.
85. "George Lucas Talks 'Star Wars: The Clone Wars'". Starwars.com. March 17, 2008. Archived from the original on June 4, 2011.
86. McCreesh, Louise (February 13, 2018). "Lucas had been developing a Han Solo movie for ages". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
87. Graser, Marc (September 12, 2013). "Star Wars: The 'Sky's the Limit' for Disney's Spinoff Opportunities". Variety. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
88. Breznican, Anthony (April 19, 2015). "Star Wars: Rogue One and mystery standalone movie take center stage". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on April 20, 2015. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
89. Breznican, Anthony (November 22, 2016). "As Rogue One looms, Lucasfilm develops secret plans for new Star Wars movies". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 7, 2020. Retrieved December 7, 2019.
90. Solo: A Star Wars Story (Blu-ray). Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. 2018.
91. ^ Analysis by Brian Lowry (March 9, 2022). "As 'Obi-Wan Kenobi' heads to Disney+, just remember: It's Han Solo's fault". CNN. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
92. Grobar, Matt (January 9, 2024). "'The Mandalorian & Grogu': Jon Favreau To Direct And Produce 'Star Wars' Pic For Lucasfilm". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on January 9, 2024. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
93. ^ D'Alessandro, Alexander (April 5, 2024). "'Mandalorian & Grogu', 'Moana' Live Action & 'Toy Story 5' Stake Out 2026 Release Dates". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 5, 2024. Retrieved April 5, 2024.
94. ^ Goldbart, Max (April 7, 2023). "Daisy Ridley Returning As Rey In Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy & Steven Knight Star Wars Movie". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on January 9, 2024. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
95. D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 25, 2024). "Search For New Scribe On Daisy Ridley 'Star Wars' Movie Underway After Steven Knight Exit". Deadline. Retrieved October 29, 2024.
96. "'Star Wars': Beau Willimon to Co-Write James Mangold's Movie (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. April 5, 2024. Archived from the original on April 6, 2024. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
97. ^ "SWCE 2023: Three New Star Wars Movies Announced". StarWars.com. April 7, 2023. Archived from the original on October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
98. Brooks, Dan (April 8, 2023). "SWCE 2023: 11 Highlights from Lucasfilm's Studio Showcase". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
99. Rubin, Rebecca (January 9, 2024). "'Star Wars' Announces New Movie 'The Mandalorian & Grogu' From Director Jon Favreau". Variety. Archived from the original on January 9, 2024. Retrieved January 9, 2024.
100. Bacon, Thomas (February 7, 2024). "Disney CEO Confirms Next Star Wars Movie Plans, Hints More Films Yet To Be Announced". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
101. "Rian Johnson, Writer-Director of Star Wars: The Last Jedi, to Create All-New Star Wars Trilogy". StarWars.com. November 9, 2017. Archived from the original on November 16, 2017. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
102. Breznican, Anthony (April 13, 2019). "Lucasfilm putting the 'Star Wars' movies 'on hiatus' after this year". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on April 14, 2019. Retrieved April 15, 2019.
103. ^ "Lucasfilm President Kathleen Kennedy on Daisy Ridley's New Rey Film, 'Obi-Wan Kenobi' Season 2 and Rian Johnson's 'Star Wars' Future". Variety. April 8, 2023. Archived from the original on April 9, 2023. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
104. Hipes, Patrick (February 6, 2018). "'Game Of Thrones' Duo Benioff & Weiss To Pilot New 'Star Wars' Movie Series". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 13, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
105. Kroll, Justin & Brent Lang (October 30, 2019). "'Star Wars': Inside 'Game of Thrones' Creators' Exit and the Pressures Facing Lucasfilm (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on April 13, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
106. Hayes, Dade (May 19, 2019). "'Star Wars' Film Future: Bob Iger Confirms 'Game Of Thrones' Duo Helming Next Installment After Franchise "Hiatus"". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 13, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
107. Boucher, Geoff (October 28, 2019). "'Star Wars' Setback: 'Game Of Thrones' Duo David Benioff & D.B. Weiss Exit Trilogy". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 21, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
108. Hibberd, James (January 10, 2024). "David Benioff and Dan Weiss Reveal Their Shelved Star Wars Idea: 'The First Jedi'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 6, 2024. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
109. "Taika Waititi to Direct, Co-Write new Star Wars Film". StarWars.com. May 4, 2020. Archived from the original on May 4, 2020. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
110. "'Star Wars': The Rebellion Will Be Televised". Vanity Fair. May 17, 2022. Archived from the original on July 6, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
111. Shepherd, Jack (May 27, 2022). "Kathleen Kennedy on the future of Star Wars movies: "We need to create a whole new saga"". gamesradar. Archived from the original on May 28, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2022.
112. "Disney Pushes 'Haunted Mansion' to Summer 2023, Removes 'Star Wars' Movie 'Rogue Squadron' From Calendar". The Hollywood Reporter. September 15, 2022. Archived from the original on October 1, 2022. Retrieved October 1, 2022.
113. Stedman, Alex (December 10, 2020). "Patty Jenkins to Direct 'Star Wars' Movie 'Rogue Squadron'". Variety. Archived from the original on December 10, 2020. Retrieved December 10, 2020.
114. Cavanaugh, Patrick (April 7, 2023). "Star Wars: Rogue Squadron "Definitely" Still Possible at Lucasfilm, Could Pivot to Series". ComicBook.com. Archived from the original on April 13, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
115. Hibberd, James (March 14, 2024). "Patty Jenkins Says She's Back on 'Star Wars' Movie 'Rogue Squadron'". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 6, 2024. Retrieved April 6, 2024.
116. Vary, Adam B. (February 21, 2020). "New 'Star Wars' Movie in Development With 'Sleight' Director, 'Luke Cage' Writer". Variety. Archived from the original on October 6, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
117. Taylor, Drew (November 8, 2022). "J.D. Dillard Star Wars Movie No Longer Happening". Archived from the original on December 12, 2022. Retrieved December 13, 2022.
118. "A Droid Story". Star Wars Official Twitter. December 10, 2020. Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
119. Lucasfilm (December 10, 2020). "Future Lucasfilm Projects Revealed". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on December 13, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
120. Thapa, Shaurya (March 27, 2023). "A Droid Story: Story Info & Everything We Know So Far". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.
121. Fleming, Mike Jr; Kroll, Justin (November 8, 2022). "Shawn Levy In Talks To Direct A 'Star Wars' Film After 'Deadpool 3' & 'Stranger Things' Final Eps". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on November 8, 2022. Retrieved April 26, 2023.
122. McPherson, Chris (September 11, 2023). "Shawn Levy Gives an Update on His Upcoming Star Wars Movie". Collider. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
123. Bell, BreAnna (July 27, 2023). "Donald Glover and Brother Stephen to Write 'Lando' Series at Disney+ as Justin Simien Exits". Variety. Archived from the original on January 9, 2024. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
124. D'Alessandro, Anthony (September 14, 2023). "'Lando' No Longer A Series, Rather A Movie". Variety. Archived from the original on September 14, 2023. Retrieved September 14, 2023.
125. Rubin, Rebecca (November 7, 2024). "New 'Star Wars' Trilogy in the Works From 'X-Men' Alum Simon Kinberg". Variety. Retrieved November 7, 2024.
126. Fleming, Mike Jr. (November 7, 2024). "'Star Wars' Trilogy Deal: Lucasfilm Taps Simon Kinberg To Write & Produce". Deadline.
127. Kit, Borys (November 7, 2024). "'Star Wars': Simon Kinberg to Write, Produce New Trilogy for Lucasfilm". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved November 9, 2024.
128. "37 YEARS AGO, THIS FORGOTTEN TV SHOW CHANGED STAR WARS FOREVER". Inverse. October 25, 2022. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
129. "The Star Wars Vintage Collection Has Arrived on Disney+!". April 2, 2021. Archived from the original on April 9, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
130. "The Star Wars Vintage Collection brings classic cartoons and shows to Disney Plus". April 2, 2021. Archived from the original on April 2, 2021. Retrieved April 2, 2021.
131. McCluskey, Megan (November 12, 2019). "How The Mandalorian Fits Into the Larger Star Wars Timeline". Time. Archived from the original on November 24, 2019. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
132. Couch, Aaron (February 4, 2020). "Disney's Bob Iger Considering 'Mandalorian' Spinoff Shows". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on February 4, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
133. Otterson, Joe (May 26, 2022). "'Star Wars' Sets New Disney+ Series 'Skeleton Crew,' Jude Law to Star". Variety. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
134. Porter, Rick (September 29, 2021). "'Mandalorian' Spinoff 'Book of Boba Fett' Gets December Date on Disney+". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on September 30, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
135. "Disney+ Star Wars Shows Will Crossover In Big Story Event". Screenrant. December 10, 2020. Archived from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
136. ^ "'Obi-Wan Kenobi': Plot and Everything to Know as the Finale Hits Disney Plus". CNET. June 22, 2022. Archived from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
137. "Andor Is Changing How You See The Empire". Screenrant. September 25, 2022. Archived from the original on April 10, 2023. Retrieved November 7, 2023.
138. ^ "The Eras of Star Wars". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on August 26, 2023. Retrieved August 26, 2023.
139. Outlaw, Kofi (January 8, 2021). "Star Wars Official New Timeline, Updated For The High Republic". ComicBook.com. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
140. Outlaw, Kofi (April 7, 2023). "Star Wars New Official Timeline Revealed At Celebration 2023". ComicBook.com. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
141. "Star Wars: Three New Movies Confirmed At Celebration – Including Daisy Ridley's Return As Rey". Empire. April 7, 2023. Archived from the original on October 21, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
142. ^ "Star Wars timeline: From the dawn of the Jedi to the New Jedi Order". Space.com. August 29, 2023. Archived from the original on October 21, 2023. Retrieved October 21, 2023.
143. Return of the Jedi (Blu-ray). 20th Century Fox. 1983.
144. Woods, Bob, ed. (1997). "Launching the Rebellion". Star Wars: Official 20th Anniversary Commemorative Magazine. New York: Topps. p. 9.
145. ^ Benjamin W.L. Derhy Kurtz; Bourdaa, Mélanie (2016). The Rise of Transtexts: Challenges and Opportunities. Taylor & Francis. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-317-37105-2. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
146. Miller, David (January 29, 2023). "Every Star Wars Legends Thing Disney Has Made Canon". ScreenRant. Archived from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved February 26, 2024.
147. Britt, Ryan (January 24, 2013). "Weird Differences Between the First Star Wars Movie and Its Preceding Novelization". Tor.com. Archived from the original on June 19, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
148. Allison, Keith (December 25, 2014). "A Long Time Ago …". The Cultural Gutter. Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
149. Allison, Keith (January 22, 2015). "... In a Galaxy Far, Far Away". The Cultural Gutter. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
150. Newbold, Mark (April 15, 2013). "Star Wars in the UK: The Dark Times, 1987–1991". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on March 11, 2017. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
151. "Critical Opinion: Heir to the Empire Reviews". StarWars.com. April 4, 2014. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
152. Breznican, Anthony (November 2, 2012). "Star Wars sequel author Timothy Zahn weighs in on new movie plans". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on May 16, 2013. Retrieved July 21, 2016.
153. "Timothy Zahn: Outbound Flight Arrival". StarWars.com. January 31, 2006. Archived from the original on February 4, 2006. Retrieved July 21, 2016.
154. Kaminski 2008, pp. 289–91.
155. "The New York Times Best Seller List" (PDF). Hawes.com. June 30, 1991. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 11, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
156. Britt, Ryan (February 28, 2013). "How Timothy Zahn's Heir to the Empire Turned Star Wars into Science Fiction". Tor.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2015. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
157. "Star Wars: The Courtship of Princess Leia (Review)". Kirkus Reviews. May 20, 2010. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015.
158. Wolverton, Dave (1994). The Courtship of Princess Leia. Bantam Spectra. ISBN 978-0-553-08928-8.
159. ^ Webster, Andrew (December 2, 2012). "The Classics: Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire". The Verge. Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
160. ^ "Shadows of the Empire Checklist". Rebelscum.com. Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
161. "Databank: Xizor, Prince". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
162. Creamer, Matt Timmy (January 20, 2016). "Star Wars: The Force Awakens borrowed heavily from Kevin J. Anderson's Jedi Academy Trilogy". Moviepilot. Archived from the original on March 4, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
163. ^ "ConDFW XIII 2014: Kevin J. Anderson Profile". ConDFW.org. March 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 27, 2013.
164. Goldstein, Rich (March 26, 2014). "Is the New 'Star Wars' Trilogy the Story of the Solo Twins and Darth Caedus?". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on February 22, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2015.
165. Britt, Ryan (March 27, 2014). "Even More Kids on the Playground: X-Wing #1 Rogue Squadron". Tor.com. Archived from the original on April 9, 2015. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
166. "Paperback Best Sellers: February 22, 1998 (X-Wing #5: Wraith Squadron)". The New York Times. February 22, 1998. Archived from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
167. "Paperback Best Sellers: August 29, 1999 (X-Wing #9: Starfighters of Adumar)". The New York Times. August 29, 1999. Archived from the original on August 14, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
168. Britt, Ryan (July 6, 2016). "Star Wars Was Nearly Ruined By A Hacky Alien Invasion Storyline". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
169. Eng, Dinah (June 23, 2004). "Star Wars books are soldiering on". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 20, 2013. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
170. ^ McMillan, Graeme (December 23, 2015). "How the Abandoned Star Wars Expanded Universe Inspired Force Awakens". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved January 1, 2016.
171. Bouie, Jamelle (December 16, 2015). "How The Force Awakens Remixes the Star Wars Expanded Universe". Slate. Archived from the original on February 13, 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
172. Kendrick, Ben (December 18, 2015). "Star Wars 7: Kylo Ren Backstory Explained". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on December 19, 2015. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
173. Saavedra, John (December 17, 2015). "Star Wars: The Force Awakens Easter Eggs and Reference Guide (Kylo Ren/Ben Solo and the Knights of Ren)". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on February 13, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
174. "Queen's Shadow Revealed and More from the Lucasfilm Publishing Panel at SDCC 2018" Archived November 19, 2021, at the Wayback Machine.
175. Truitt, Brian (July 16, 2016). "Thrawn to make grand appearance in Star Wars Rebels". USA Today. Archived from the original on July 16, 2016. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
176. "The Rebels Face Grand Admiral Thrawn When Star Wars Rebels Season Three Premieres Saturday, September 24". StarWars.com. August 8, 2016. Archived from the original on October 5, 2016. Retrieved September 25, 2016.
177. "Star Wars #1 (April 1977)". Marvel Comics. Archived from the original on July 4, 2017. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
178. "Star Wars #1 (April 1977)". Grand Comics Database. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
179. "Star Wars". The Comic Reader. No. 142. April 1977.
180. "Star Wars #107 (May 1986)". Marvel Comics. Archived from the original on June 20, 2017. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
181. Cronin, Brian (June 17, 2011). "Comic Book Legends Revealed #318". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
182. McMillan, Graeme (January 10, 2013). "Leaving an Imprint: 10 Defunct MARVEL Publishing Lines: Star Comics". Newsarama. Archived from the original on October 12, 2014. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
183. Ceimcioch, Marck (December 2014). "Marvel for Kids: Star Comics". Back Issue!. No. 77. Archived from the original on March 19, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
184. Handley, Rich (April 20, 2013). "Droids and Ewoks Return: Spain's Lost Star Wars Comic Strips". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
185. Shooter, Jim (July 5, 2011). "Roy Thomas Saved Marvel". Jimshooter.com. Archived from the original on August 9, 2011. In the most conservative terms, it is inarguable that the success of the Star Wars comics was a significant factor in Marvel's survival through a couple of very difficult years, 1977 and 1978. In my mind, the truth is stated in the title of this piece.
186. Miller, John Jackson (March 7, 1997), "Gone but not forgotten: Marvel Star Wars series kept franchise fans guessing between films", Comics Buyer's Guide, no. 1216, Iola, Wisconsin, p. 46, The industry's top seller? We don't have complete information from our Circulation Scavenger Hunt for the years 1979 and 1980, but a very strong case is building for Star Wars as the industry's top-selling comic book in 1979 and its second-place seller (behind Amazing Spider-Man) in 1980.
187. Jenkins. Empire. p. 186.
188. Cronin, Brian (November 29, 2007). "Comic Book Urban Legends Revealed #131". Comic Book Resources. Archived from the original on April 26, 2015. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
189. Whitbrook, James (December 12, 2014). "The Greatest Dark Horse Star Wars Comics To Buy Before They're Gone". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
190. Saavedra, John (January 4, 2015). "Star Wars: The 13 Greatest Dark Horse Comics Stories". Den of Geek. Archived from the original on March 15, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
191. McMillan, Graeme (January 3, 2014). "Disney Moves Star Wars Comics License to Marvel". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on March 23, 2016. Retrieved January 3, 2014.
192. Wilkerson, David B. (August 31, 2009). "Disney to Acquire Marvel Entertainment for $4B". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on June 8, 2011.
193. Brooks, Dan (July 26, 2014). "SDCC 2014: Inside Marvel's New Star Wars Comics". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on May 14, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
194. Wheeler, Andrew (July 26, 2014). "Force Works: Marvel Announces Three New Star Wars Titles From All-Star Creative Teams". ComicsAlliance. Archived from the original on October 8, 2016. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
195. Yehl, Joshua (July 26, 2014). "SDCC 2014: Marvel Announces 3 Star Wars Comics for 2015". IGN. Archived from the original on November 21, 2015. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
196. "Lucasfilm to Launch Star Wars: The High Republic Publishing Campaign in 2021". StarWars.com. February 24, 2020. Archived from the original on February 25, 2020. Retrieved February 25, 2020.
197. Lussier, Germain (May 31, 2024). "Star Wars' New Wookiee Jedi Is Getting His Own Marvel Comic". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on May 31, 2024. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
198. Hughes, William (March 3, 2018). "John Williams says he's only got one more of these damn Star Wars movies in him". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2018.
199. ^ Burlingame, Jon (December 30, 2017). "'Solo' Locks in Key 'Star Wars' Veteran (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on December 30, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
200. Burlingame, Jon (May 20, 2019). "John Williams in Disneyland: The Story Behind His 'Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge' Theme". Variety. Los Angeles. Archived from the original on May 20, 2019. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
201. "5 Highlights from Star Wars Forces of Destiny: "The Padawan Path" | StarWars.com". StarWars.com. July 6, 2017. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
202. Liptak, Andrew (March 27, 2019). "A new Star Wars audio-only novel will explore Count Dooku and Asajj Ventress' backstory". The Verge. Archived from the original on October 8, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
203. ^ Sterling, Christopher H. (2004). Encyclopedia of Radio (Vol. 3). Routledge. p. 2206. ISBN 978-1-135-45649-8. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
204. ^ "5 Awesome Star Wars Media Collectibles". StarWars.com. April 9, 2015. Archived from the original on March 3, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
205. ^ John, Derek. "That Time NPR Turned Star Wars Into A Radio Drama—And It Actually Worked". All Things Considered. NPR. Archived from the original on June 20, 2016. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
206. Robb, Brian J. (2012). A Brief Guide to Star Wars. London: Hachette. ISBN 978-1-78033-583-4. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved July 21, 2016.
207. ^ Brown, Alan (December 16, 2015). "Sounds of Star Wars: The Audio Dramas". Tor.com. Archived from the original on March 20, 2017. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
208. "Star Wars Infographic: 40 Years in Gaming". www.igdb.com. Archived from the original on December 15, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
209. "Kenner Star Wars Battle Command". Handheldmuseum.com. Archived from the original on January 23, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
210. Coopee, Todd. "Star Wars Electronic Battle Command Game". ToyTales.ca. Archived from the original on August 13, 2017. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
211. Bogost, Ian; Montfort, Nick (2009). Racing the Beam: The Atari Video Computer System. The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-01257-7.
212. "A Brief History of Star War Games, Part 1 (Slide 1–6)". Tom's Hardware. May 20, 2007. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
213. "Star Wars: Return of the Jedi". MobyGames. Archived from the original on March 16, 2017. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
214. "The making of The Empire Strikes Back". Retro Gamer. No. 70. November 2009. pp. 82–83.
215. ^ "LucasArts Entertainment Company: 20th Anniversary (Part Two: The Classics, 1990–1994)". LucasArts. June 23, 2006. Archived from the original on June 23, 2006. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
216. ^ Mizell, Leslie (October 1994). "Star Wars: Dark Forces preview". PC Gamer. pp. 34–37.
217. ^ "A Brief History of Star War Games, Part 1 (Slide 29–32)". Tom's Hardware. May 20, 2007. Archived from the original on October 2, 2014. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
218. Turner, Benjamin; Bowen, Kevin (December 11, 2003). "Bringin' in the DOOM Clones". GameSpy. Archived from the original on January 27, 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
219. Baldazo, Rex (December 1995). "Today's hot first-person 3-D shoot-'em-ups". Byte. Archived from the original on November 23, 2008. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
220. Kent, Steven L. (March 19, 1995). "Tech Reviews CD-Rom – Dark Forces". The Seattle Times. Archived from the original on July 19, 2009. Retrieved December 15, 2008.
221. "Star Wars Dark Forces – PC". GameRankings. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2008.
222. Dulin, Ron (May 1, 1996). "Star Wars Dark Forces Review". GameSpot. Archived from the original on October 18, 2012. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
223. Boulding, Aaron (November 19, 2002). "Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast Xbox review". IGN. Archived from the original on August 16, 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
224. "Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy Designer Diary #1". GameSpot. August 25, 2003. Archived from the original on May 21, 2016. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
225. Schedeen, Jesse (August 12, 2008). "Top 25 Star Wars Heroes: Day 2". IGN. Archived from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
226. "Star Wars: Dark Forces". MobyGames. Archived from the original on December 25, 2016. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
227. "Katarn, Kyle". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on September 12, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
228. Terdiman, Daniel. "Disney shuttering LucasArts, moving to licensed games model". CNET. Archived from the original on August 30, 2019. Retrieved August 30, 2019.
229. Kharpal, Arjun (August 31, 2017). "Lenovo, Disney launch 'Star Wars' Jedi augmented reality game that lets you use a Lightsaber". CNBC. Archived from the original on July 28, 2018. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
230. "How Jedi Challenges Brings Star Wars to Life at Home". StarWars.com. November 3, 2017. Archived from the original on September 27, 2018. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
231. "Zynga Partners With Disney For New 'Star Wars' Games". Variety. August 21, 2018. Archived from the original on September 3, 2018. Retrieved September 2, 2018.
232. Vlessing, Etan; Parker, Ryan (March 7, 2019). "Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge Sets Opening Dates". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on March 7, 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
233. Bankhurst, Adam (September 30, 2021). "Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser Opening Date Revealed for Walt Disney World". IGN. Retrieved October 1, 2021.
234. Francis, Katie (September 30, 2023). "Together... As One: Reflecting on the Star Wars: Galactic Starcruiser After Its Permanent Closure". WDWNT. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
235. "Star Wars: The Force Unleashed". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved September 26, 2018.
236. "The Force Unleashed Sells 1.5 Million Units Worldwide in Under One Week". StarWars.com. September 23, 2008. Archived from the original on April 2, 2009. Retrieved March 15, 2017.
237. "Convention celebrates 'Star Wars milestone". Eugene Register-Guard. May 25, 1987. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved December 21, 2019.
238. Block, Alex Ben (February 9, 2012). "The Real Force Behind 'Star Wars': How George Lucas Built an Empire". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on September 23, 2018. Retrieved September 26, 2018.
239. Nina Chertoff and Susan Kahn, "Star Wars" Archived August 20, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Celebrating Pez (Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2006), 87.
240. "Lego gets Lord Of The Rings and Hobbit licence". Metro. December 19, 2011. Archived from the original on January 8, 2012. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
241. Link Voxx. "Star Wars Episode 7 News – New LEGO Star Wars Mini-Series Retelling the Whole Saga Coming to DisneyXD". Star Wars Episode 7 News. Archived from the original on August 19, 2015. Retrieved January 19, 2017.
242. LucasArts (March 2, 2006). "LEGO Star Wars II: Developer Diary". IGN. IGN Entertainment. Archived from the original on September 3, 2018. Retrieved September 3, 2018.
243. Kohler, Chris (May 15, 2009). "April 2009's Top 10 Game Sales, By Platform". Wired. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved September 3, 2018.
244. Star Wars: Escape from the Death Star (description), Board game geek, 1977, archived from the original on November 14, 2020, retrieved August 19, 2012
245. Star Wars: Escape from the Death Star (description), Board game geek, 1990, archived from the original on April 22, 2010, retrieved August 19, 2012
246. "Star Wars Clone Wars Edition". Hasbro. Archived from the original on March 2, 2009. Retrieved March 23, 2009.
247. "Risk Star Wars: The Original Trilogy Edition". Board game geek. Archived from the original on March 2, 2009. Retrieved March 23, 2009.
248. "Star Wars Trading Cards". Starwarscards.net. Archived from the original on April 5, 2008. Retrieved March 27, 2008.
249. "Star Wars Promotional Trading Card List". The Star Wars Collectors Archive. Archived from the original on May 3, 2008. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
250. Hamilton, Jason (February 25, 2015). "Star Wars in Mythology: The Shadow". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on September 21, 2019. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
251. ^ Moyers, Bill (April 26, 1999). "Of Myth And Men". Time. Archived from the original on August 25, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
252. ^ Idato, Michael (December 11, 2015). "Adam Driver's Kylo Ren unmasked as real star of Star Wars: The Force Awakens". Stuff. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
253. Seabrook, John (December 19, 2015). "The Force Returns: George Lucas Before the "Star Wars" Prequels". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
254. Young, Bryan (March 13, 2018). "In The Last Jedi, Rey's Journey in the Mirror Cave Echoes a Star Wars Cycle". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on September 21, 2019. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
255. "Joseph Campbell's Hero's Journey #9: Atonement with the Father". Think Spiritual. March 27, 2019. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
256. Crouse, Megan (August 3, 2018). "Always Two: How Matters of Trust Built and Broke Anakin Skywalker and Obi-Wan Kenobi". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
257. "Becoming Sidious – Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
258. McGranaghan, Mike. "The 13 Most Influential Plot Twists In Cinema History". Ranker. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
259. Cipriani, Casey (December 14, 2017). "Every 'The Last Jedi' Clue About Rey's Parents, Explained". Bustle. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
260. Grebey, James (December 27, 2017). "Who the Heck Was the Broom Kid at the End of 'The Last Jedi'?". Inverse. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
261. Lucas, George (2001). Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace audio commentary (DVD). 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Event occurs at 108.
262. Lucas, George (2004). "Making-of" documentary on the Return of the Jedi DVD release.
263. Rees Shapiro, T. (March 5, 2012). "Ralph McQuarrie, artist who drew Darth Vader, C-3PO, dies at 82". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2018.
264. Gilbey, Ryan (November 1, 2017). "John Mollo obituary: Star Wars costume designer who dressed Darth Vader". The Guardian. Archived from the original on March 30, 2019. Retrieved October 2, 2018.
265. Kaminski 2008, p. 184.
266. ^ Reagin, Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice (October 15, 2012). Star Wars and History. Wiley. p. 144. ISBN 978-1-118-28525-1. Archived from the original on June 28, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
267. Klein, Christopher (December 17, 2015). "The Real History That Inspired "Star Wars"". HISTORY.com. Archived from the original on June 13, 2017. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
268. Young, Bryan (January 21, 2014). "The Cinema Behind Star Wars: Battle of the Bulge". StarWars.com. Archived from the original on September 21, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
269. ^ Empire of Dreams: The Story of the Star Wars Trilogy (DVD). Star Wars Trilogy Box Set DVD documentary. 2004.
270. "Star Wars: Attack of the Clones". Time. April 21, 2002. Archived from the original on June 5, 2002. Retrieved December 13, 2009. The people give their democracy to a dictator, whether it's Julius Caesar or Napoleon or Adolf Hitler. Ultimately, the general population goes along with the idea ... That's the issue I've been exploring: how did the Republic turn into the Empire?
271. Reagin, Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice (October 15, 2012). Star Wars and History. Wiley. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-118-28525-1. Archived from the original on June 28, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
272. Kaminski 2008, p. 95.
273. Reagin, Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice (October 15, 2012). Star Wars and History. Wiley. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-118-28525-1. Archived from the original on June 28, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
274. Reagin, Nancy R.; Liedl, Janice (October 15, 2012). Star Wars and History. Wiley. pp. 130–33. ISBN 978-1-118-28525-1. Archived from the original on June 28, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2013.
275. ""Star Wars" offers perspective into ancient history". University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. November 5, 2012. Archived from the original on November 23, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
276. Dyer, James (2015). "JJ Abrams Spills Details On Kylo Ren". Empireonline.com. Archived from the original on February 1, 2016. Retrieved February 2, 2016.
277. Danesi, Marcel (2012). Popular Culture: Introductory Perspectives. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 165–. ISBN 978-1-4422-1783-6.
278. Brooker, Will (2002). Using the Force: Creativity, Community, and Star Wars Fans. New York : Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-5287-0.
279. "The power of the dark side". Chicago Tribune. May 8, 2005. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
280. ^ Emerson, Jim (2007). "How Star Wars Shook The World". MSN Movies. Archived from the original on June 3, 2008. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
281. ^ "Online NewsHour: The Impact of the Star Wars Trilogy Films". PBS.org. May 19, 2005. Archived from the original on November 17, 2007. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
282. Booker, M. Keith; Thomas, Anne-Marie (March 30, 2009). The Science Fiction Handbook. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 9–11. ISBN 978-1-4443-1035-1. Archived from the original on January 2, 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
283. "U.S. National Film Registry Titles". U.S. National Film Registry. Archived from the original on August 21, 2006. Retrieved September 2, 2006.
284. "'Empire Strikes Back' among 25 film registry picks". Archived from the original on December 31, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
285. Barnes, Mike (December 28, 2010). "'Empire Strikes Back,' 'Airplane!' Among 25 Movies Named to National Film Registry". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on December 30, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
286. Tartaglione, Nancy (December 14, 2021). "National Film Registry Adds Return Of The Jedi, Fellowship Of The Ring, Strangers On A Train, Sounder, WALL-E & More". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved December 14, 2021.
287. Andrews, Mallory (July 21, 2014). "A 'New' New Hope: Film Preservation and the Problem with 'Star Wars'". soundonsight.org. Sound on Sight. Archived from the original on July 28, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014. the NFR does not possess workable copies of the original versions…Government-mandated agencies such as the National Film Registry are unable to preserve (or even possess) working copies of the films on their list without the consent of the author and/or copyright holder.
288. "Request Denied: Lucas Refuses to Co-Operate with Government Film Preservation Organizations". savestarwars.com. Saving Star Wars. 2011. Archived from the original on December 3, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2014. When the request was made for STAR WARS, Lucasfilm offered us the Special Edition version. The offer was declined as this was obviously not the version that had been selected for the Registry.
289. Ulanoff, Lance (December 17, 2015). "The search for the 'Star Wars' George Lucas doesn't want you to see". Mashable. Archived from the original on October 13, 2016. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
290. ^ Cook, David A. (2000). Lost Illusions: American Cinema in the Shadow of Watergate and Vietnam, 1970–1979 (1st paperback print. ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-23265-5.
291. "Star Wars – Box Office History". The Numbers. Archived from the original on August 22, 2013. Retrieved January 5, 2020.
292. "Movie Franchises". The Numbers. Archived from the original on August 22, 2013. Retrieved January 3, 2013.
293. Bigsby, Christopher (2006). The Cambridge Companion to Modern American Culture (. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84132-0.
294. Caro, Mark (May 8, 2005). "The power of the dark side". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
295. ^ The Force Is With Them: The Legacy of Star Wars. Star Wars Original Trilogy DVD Box Set: Bonus Materials. 2004.
296. Ebert, Roger (June 28, 1999). "Great Movies: Star Wars". Chicago Sun-Times. Sun-Times Media Group. Archived from the original on April 13, 2013. Retrieved October 1, 2006.
297. ^ Shone, Tom (2004). Blockbuster: How Hollywood Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Summer. London: Simon & Schuster. p. 64. ISBN 0-7432-6838-5.
298. ^ Greydanus, Steven D. "An American Mythology: Why Star Wars Still Matters". Decent Films Guide. Archived from the original on February 6, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2006.
299. Biskind, Peter (1998). "Star Bucks". Easy Riders, Raging Bulls: How the Sex-Drugs-and-Rock 'N' Roll Generation Saved Hollywood. New York: Simon & Schuster. pp. 336–337, 343. ISBN 0-684-80996-6.
300. For a sampling of the reviews, read the following:
     • "The 33 Greatest Movie Trilogies | 2. The Original Star Wars Trilogy". Empire. Bauer Media Group. Archived from the original on December 22, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
     • Gibron, Bill (September 21, 2011). "The 10 Greatest Motion Picture Trilogies of All Time". PopMatters. Archived from the original on December 23, 2015. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
     • Griffin, Michael (September 11, 2013). "Good Things Come In Threes: Great Movie Trilogies". Hollywood.com. Archived from the original on May 21, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
     • Ellwood, Gregory; Eggersten, Chris; Fienberg, Dan; McWeeny, Drew; Lewis, Dave (April 25, 2013). "10 of the best movie trilogies of all-time | 1. Star Wars Episodes IV – VI". HitFix. Archived from the original on May 21, 2014. Retrieved May 20, 2014.
301. Pond, Steve (February 21, 2014). "Why Disney Fired John Lasseter – And How He Came Back to Heal the Studio". TheWrap. The Wrap News Inc. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
302. Hopkins, Jessica (February 27, 2011). "The film that changed my life: Gareth Edwards". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 5, 2014. Retrieved May 10, 2014.
303. "Christopher Nolan's Star Wars Inspiration". ContactMusic.com. July 16, 2010. Archived from the original on December 19, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2010.
304. "Filmmaker Kevin Smith Hosts 'The Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards' on SCI FI Channel; George Lucas to Present Special Honor". Business Wire. April 23, 2002. Archived from the original on June 29, 2012. Retrieved March 28, 2008.
305. Knapton, Sarah (April 7, 2008). "Court to rule in Star Wars costume battle". The Guardian. UK. Archived from the original on April 11, 2008. Retrieved April 15, 2008.
306. Hesterman, Sandra (December 1, 2011). "Multiliterate Star Warians : the force of popular culture and ICT in early learning". Australasian Journal of Early Childhood. 36 (4): 86–95. doi:10.1177/183693911103600412. ISSN 1836-9391. S2CID 56078619. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
307. Thompson, Stephanie (November 1, 2006). "The science of Star Wars: Integrating technology and the Benchmarks for Science Literacy". Science Scope. Washington, D.C.: 55. ISSN 0887-2376.
308. Friedman, Susan Hatters; Hall, Ryan C. W. (December 1, 2015). "Teaching Psychopathology in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: The Light Side of the Force". Academic Psychiatry. 39 (6): 719–725. doi:10.1007/s40596-015-0340-y. ISSN 1042-9670. PMID 25933645. S2CID 27871244.
309. Hall, Ryan C. W.; Friedman, Susan Hatters (December 1, 2015). "Psychopathology in a Galaxy Far, Far Away: the Use of Star Wars' Dark Side in Teaching". Academic Psychiatry. 39 (6): 726–732. doi:10.1007/s40596-015-0337-6. ISSN 1042-9670. PMID 25943902. S2CID 19738769.

Works cited

• Arnold, Alan (1980). Once Upon a Galaxy: A Journal of the Making of The Empire Strikes Back. Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-29075-5.
• Bouzereau, Laurent (1997). The Annotated Screenplays. Del Rey. ISBN 978-0-345-40981-2.
• Kaminski, Michael (2008) . The Secret History of Star Wars. Legacy Books Press. ISBN 978-0-9784652-3-0.
• Rinzler, Jonathan W. (2005). The Making of Star Wars, Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. Del Rey. ISBN 978-0-345-43139-4.
• ——— (2007). The Making of Star Wars: The Definitive Story Behind the Original Film (Star Wars). Del Rey. ISBN 978-0-345-49476-4.

Further reading

• Decker, Kevin S. (2005). Star Wars and Philosophy. Open Court. ISBN 978-0-8126-9583-0.
• Campbell, Joseph (1991). The Power of Myth. Anchor Books. ISBN 978-0-385-41886-7.
• Henderson, Mary (1997). Star Wars: The Magic of Myth. Bantam. ISBN 978-0-553-10206-2.
• Cavlelos, Jeanne (1999). The Science of Star Wars. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-20958-2.
• Nancy R. Reagin, Janice Liedl, ed. (2012). Star Wars and History. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-60200-3.
• Star Wars: Where Science Meets Imagination. National Geographic & Boston Museum of Science. October 2005. ISBN 978-0-7922-6200-8.
• Belluomini, L. (2022). "The Mandalorian as Philosophy: 'This Is the Way'". In Johnson D. K. (ed.). The Palgrave Handbook of Popular Culture as Philosophy. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. pp. 1–25. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97134-6_104-1. ISBN 978-3-319-97134-6. S2CID 245779254.
• Immerwahr, Daniel (2022). "21 the Galactic Vietnam: Technology, Modernization, and Empire in George Lucas's Star Wars" (PDF). Ideology in U.S. Foreign Relations. pp. 435–451. doi:10.7312/nich20180-022. ISBN 978-0-231-55427-5.

External links

• Official website
• Star Wars on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
• Star Wars Map – 2020 official; HiRez; website