The Well-Travelled Goat was a goat that accompanied both Samuel Wallis on the Dolphin and James Cook on his first voyage on the Endeavour around the world.
It was amongst several other animals on the Endeavour loaded as livestock. Sheep, pigs, goats, and chickens were on board to provide meat, eggs, and milk.
It was not the only traveller with Cook to have previously travelled on the Dolphin, which also included the ship's master Robert Molyneuax, ship's master's mates Charles Clerke, Richard Pickersgill, and Francis Wilkinson, and the lieutenant John Gore.
It had a Latin poem, a distich, written for it by Samuel Johnson at the request of Joseph Banks, which Banks had engraved upon the goat's collar:
Perpetui, ambita bis terra, premia lactis
— Samuel Johnson
Haec habet, altrici Capra secunda Jovis.
Translated to English this reads "The globe twice circled, this the Goat, the second to the nurse of Jove, is thus rewarded for her never-failing milk."
Johnson's biographer gave a somewhat lengthier and looser translation, attributed to "a friend":
In fame scarce second to the nurse of Jove,
— James Boswell, The Life of Samuel Johnson
This Goat, who twice the world had traversed round,
Deserving both her master’s care and love,
Ease and perpetual pasture now has found.
John Wilson Croker noted in a critical edition of Boswell's biography that "either the original nor the translation will add much to the poetical fame of Mr. Boswell's friends. The Latin seems particularly stiff and poor."
Oskar Spate observed that the goat's fate was more fortunate than that of Amalthea, the aforementioned "nurse of Jove". The goat was much celebrated by newspapers such as the General Evening Post upon the return of the Endeavour, whose correspondent for the voyage claimed that "he never went dry during the whole of the voyage" and asserted that "we mean to reward her services by placing her in a good English pasture for the rest of her life". It lived out the rest of its life as a "pensioner" at Greenwich Hospital and died at Mile End on 1772-04-28.
In 2006 Jackie French wrote a fictionalized account of the voyage for children, based upon the real events, that was partly narrated from the view of the goat, entitled The Goat who Sailed the World.
References
- ^ McLynn 2011, p. 114.
- ^ CEJ 1874, p. 47.
- Hamilton 2020, p. 56.
- Musgrave 2020, p. 57.
- ^ McLynn 2011, pp. 216–217.
- ^ Musgrave 2020, p. 153.
- Beaglehole 1992, p. 291.
- ^ Boswell 1831, p. 136.
- Stones 2022, p. 392.
- Spate 1988, p. 347.
- Moore 2018, p. 355.
- Mackay 1949, p. 17.
- ANMM 2012.
- Blandford 2010.
Sources
- McLynn, Frank (2011). Captain Cook: Master of the Seas. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300172201.
- Musgrave, Toby (2020). The Multifarious Mr. Banks. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300223835.
- Beaglehole, John C. (1992). "England 1771–1772". The Life of Captain James Cook. Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804720090.
- "Leaves from an Old Diary". Chambers's Edinburgh Journal. No. 525. Edinburgh: William & Robert Chambers. 1874-01-17. pp. 46–48.
- Hamilton, James C. (2020). Captain James Cook and the Search for Antarctica. Pen and Sword History. ISBN 9781526753601.
- Boswell, James (1831). Croker, John Wilson (ed.). The life of Samuel Johnson. Vol. 2. London: John Murray.
- Stones, Graeme (2022). Parodies of the Romantic Age. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781000743920.
- Spate, Oskar Hermann Khristian (1988). Paradise Found and Lost. Pacific Since Magellan. Vol. 3. Australian National University Press. ISBN 9780080344003.
- Mackay, Joseph Angus (1949). "Cook's historic landfall at Poverty Bay". Historic Poverty Bay and the East Coast, N.I., N.Z. Gisborne.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Moore, Peter (2018). Endeavour. Random House. ISBN 9781473545359.
- "HMB Endeavour teacher resources" (PDF). Australian National Maritime Museum. 2012.
- Blandford, Megan (2010-04-09). "Review: The Goat Who Sailed The World".
Further reading
- Rowlands, Huw (2019-04-11). "The Well-Travelled Goat". Untold Lives. British Library.