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Thomas Aquinas
Thomism Scholasticism Apophatic theology Aseity Divine simplicity Analogia entis Quinque viae Beatific vision Actus purus Actus essendi Primum Movens Sacraments Correspondence theory Hylomorphism Substance theory (ousia) Substantial form Quiddity (essence / accident nature) Peripatetic axiom Principle of double effect Aristotelian ethics Cardinal / Theological Natural law Determinatio Just war Just price Concupiscence Intrinsic finality Theological intellectualism
Works Summa Theologica Treatise on Law Summa contra Gentiles Contra Errores Graecorum Commentaries on Aristotle De regno, ad regem Cypri De regimine Judaeorum Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate Catena aurea
Hymns and prayers Adoro te devote Creator ineffabilis Lauda Sion O sacrum convivium Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium Tantum ergo Sacris solemniis Panis angelicus Verbum supernum prodiens O salutaris hostia
Influences Aristotle St. Paul Pseudo-Dionysius St. Augustine St. Boethius Avicenna Peter Lombard Averroes Maimonides St. Albertus Magnus
Classical Thomists Cantimpré Saint-Cher Beauvais Penyafort Innocent V Lessines Piperno Moerbeke Martí Trilia Houghton Apolda Sutton Auvergne Benedict XI Fontaines Winterburn Colonna Ymbert di Bologna Fiadoni Guidonis Nédellec Paludanus Bradwardin Holkott Regina Bromyard Kydones Eymerich Calecas Ferrer Dominici Gerson Gorkum Sabunde de Flandria Pierozzi Cusanus Torquemada Bessarion de Rupe Niger Almadura Mirabilibus Savonarola Fabri Gostynin Głogów Tetzel Deza Mazzolini di Ferrara Gaetanus Koellin Pagnino Vitoria Catherinus Ory Soto Cano Pelargus Senensis Faber Medina Maldonatus de Granada Fernandes Báñez Porrecta Duperron Medices Lessius Verbeeck Malvenda Lemos Álvarez Oliva Rispoli Riccardi Gravina Poinsot Ripada Molinier Torres Vallgornera Pallavicino Nicolaï Lynch Ferre Gonet Bancel Quétif Massoulié Alexandre Échard Benedict XIII Serry Plessis Gotti Leocata Concina Benedict XIV De Rubeis Burke de Boxadors Mamachi Gazzaniga
Neo-Thomism Aertsen Anquín Arintero Ashley Barron Bouquillon Bourke Canals Coffey Copleston Coreth Daujat De Wulf Fabro Fairweather Farrer Feser Gardet Garrigou-Lagrange Gauthier Geach George Grenier Hawkins von Donnersmarck Henle Hugon Inagaki Jolivet Kleutgen Knasas Komar Koninck Krąpiec Leo XIII Lira Lonergan MacIntyre Maréchal Maritain Marshall Mascall McInerny Meinvielle Millán-Puelles Newman Pace Pecci Pegis Piolanti Pirotta Pius X Ramírez Régis Ripperger Russo Ryan Sertillanges Simon Smith Stein Tanaka Taparelli Torre Ušeničnik White Wilhelmsen Wippel Woodbury Zigliara
History Canonization of Thomas Aquinas Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas Congregatio de Auxiliis Neo-scholasticism Æterni Patris Editio Leonina Analytical Thomism ICUSTA
Scholarship Aquinas Ciencia Tomista EJSTA Index Thomisticus Nova et Vetera Revue thomiste The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas The Oxford Handbook of Aquinas The Thomist Thomas Aquinas Dictionary
Art 1476 Altarpiece Carafa Chapel Charles Bridge statue Cortona Triptych Enthroned Madonna and Child with Saints Fiesole Altarpiece Madonna and Child with St Dominic and St Thomas Aquinas San Pietro Martire Triptych The Apotheosis of Saint Thomas Aquinas The Vision of Fray Lauterio Temptation of St. Thomas Triumph of Saint Thomas Aquinas
Related topics Aristotelianism Dominican Order School of Salamanca Catholic theology Doctor of the Church Empiricism List of institutions named after Aquinas Saint Thomas Aquinas Church Physical premotion Actus primus
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v t e

Thomistic sacramental theology is St. Thomas Aquinas's theology of the sacraments of the Catholic Church. It can be found through his writings in the 13th-century works Summa contra Gentiles and in the Summa Theologiæ.

General view of the sacraments

In the Catholic Church, there are seven sacraments: Baptism, Confirmation, Holy Eucharist, Penance, Extreme unction (also called "Anointing of the Sick"), Holy Orders, and Matrimony.

From Summa Contra Gentiles, Book 4:

since the spiritual remedies of salvation (as was said) have been given to men under sensible signs, it was suitable also to distinguish the remedies provided for the spiritual life after the likeness of bodily life. Now, in bodily life we find a twofold order: for some propagate and order the bodily life in others; and some are propagated and ordered in the bodily life. n the spiritual life, also, the first thing is spiritual generation: by baptism; the second is spiritual growth leading to perfect strength: by the sacrament of confirmation; the third is spiritual nourishment: by the sacrament of the Eucharist. A fourth remains, which is the spiritual healing; it takes place either in the soul alone through the sacrament of penance; or from the soul flows to the body when this is timely, through extreme unction. These, therefore, bear on those who are propagated and preserved in the spiritual life.
Matrimony, then, in that it consists in the union of a husband and wife purposing to generate and educate offspring for the worship of God, is a sacrament of the Church; hence, also, a certain blessing on those marrying is given by the ministers of the Church.

Aquinas also states, in the Summa Theologica: "a sacrament is nothing else than a sanctification conferred on man with some outward sign. Wherefore, since by receiving orders a consecration is conferred on man by visible signs, it is clear that Order is a sacrament."

See also

• Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church
• Baptism (Catholic Church)
• Confirmation in the Catholic Church
• Eucharist in the Catholic Church
• Ex opere operato
• Holy orders in the Catholic Church
• Marriage in the Catholic Church
• Penance
• Sacramental matter and form
• Scholasticism
• Thought of Thomas Aquinas
• Validity and liceity (Catholic Church)

References

1. Michael, William C. (2022-04-18). "St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Contra Gentiles, Book IV. Of Salvation". Classical Liberal Arts Academy. Retrieved 2022-08-30.
2. "SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: The sacrament of Order as to its essence and its parts (Supplementum, Q. 34)". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2022-08-30.

Further reading

• Liam G. Walsh, OP (1988). The Sacraments of Christian Initiation. Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist. London: Geoffrey Chapman. p. 317. ISBN 0 225 66499 2.
• Reginald Lynch, OP (2017). The Cleansing of the Heart: The Sacraments as Instrumental Causes in the Thomistic Tradition. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press.
• Garrigou-Lagrange, Reginald (1950). "Sixth Part – The Sacraments of the Church". Reality: A Synthesis of Thomistic thought. St. Louis: Herder. pp. 245–71.

v t e Thomas Aquinas
Thomism	Scholasticism Apophatic theology Aseity Divine simplicity Analogia entis Quinque viae Beatific vision Actus purus Actus essendi Primum Movens Sacraments Correspondence theory Hylomorphism Substance theory (ousia) Substantial form Quiddity (essence / accident nature) Peripatetic axiom Principle of double effect Aristotelian ethics Cardinal / Theological Natural law Determinatio Just war Just price Concupiscence Intrinsic finality Theological intellectualism
Works	Summa Theologica Treatise on Law Summa contra Gentiles Contra Errores Graecorum Commentaries on Aristotle De regno, ad regem Cypri De regimine Judaeorum, ad Ducissam Brabantiae Quaestiones Disputatae de Veritate Catena aurea
Hymns and prayers	Adoro te devote Creator ineffabilis Lauda Sion O sacrum convivium Pange lingua gloriosi corporis mysterium Tantum ergo Sacris solemniis Panis angelicus Verbum supernum prodiens O salutaris hostia
Influences	Aristotle St. Paul Pseudo-Dionysius St. Augustine St. Boethius Avicenna Peter Lombard Averroes Maimonides St. Albertus Magnus
Classical Thomists	Cantimpré Saint-Cher Beauvais Penyafort Innocent V Lessines Piperno Moerbeke Martí Trilia Houghton Apolda Sutton Auvergne Benedict XI Fontaines Winterburn Colonna Ymbert di Bologna Fiadoni Guidonis Nédellec Paludanus Bradwardin Holkott Regina Bromyard Kydones Eymerich Calecas Ferrer Dominici Gerson Gorkum Sabunde de Flandria Pierozzi Cusanus Torquemada Bessarion de Rupe Niger Almadura Mirabilibus Savonarola Fabri Gostynin Głogów Tetzel Deza Mazzolini di Ferrara Gaetanus Koellin Pagnino Vitoria Catherinus Ory Soto Cano Pelargus Senensis Faber Medina Maldonatus de Granada Fernandes Báñez Porrecta Duperron Medices Lessius Verbeeck Malvenda Lemos Álvarez Oliva Rispoli Riccardi Gravina Poinsot Ripada Molinier Torres Vallgornera Pallavicino Nicolaï Lynch Ferre Gonet Bancel Quétif Massoulié Alexandre Échard Benedict XIII Serry Plessis Gotti Leocata Concina Benedict XIV De Rubeis Burke de Boxadors Mamachi Gazzaniga
Neo-Thomism	Aertsen Anquín Arintero Ashley Barron Bouquillon Bourke Canals Coffey Copleston Coreth Daujat De Wulf Fabro Fairweather Farrer Feser Gardet Garrigou-Lagrange Gauthier Geach George Grenier Hawkins von Donnersmarck Henle Hugon Inagaki Jolivet Kleutgen Knasas Komar Koninck Krąpiec Leo XIII Lira Lonergan MacIntyre Maréchal Maritain Marshall Mascall McInerny Meinvielle Millán-Puelles Newman Pace Pecci Pegis Piolanti Pirotta Pius X Ramírez Régis Ripperger Russo Ryan Sertillanges Simon Smith Stein Tanaka Taparelli Torre Ušeničnik White Wilhelmsen Wippel Woodbury Zigliara
History	Canonization of Thomas Aquinas Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas Congregatio de Auxiliis Neo-scholasticism Æterni Patris Editio Leonina Analytical Thomism ICUSTA
Scholarship	Aquinas Ciencia Tomista EJSTA Index Thomisticus Nova et Vetera Revue thomiste The Cambridge Companion to Aquinas The Oxford Handbook of Aquinas The Thomist Thomas Aquinas Dictionary
Art	1476 Altarpiece Carafa Chapel Charles Bridge statue Cortona Triptych Enthroned Madonna and Child with Saints Fiesole Altarpiece Madonna and Child with St Dominic and St Thomas Aquinas San Pietro Martire Triptych The Apotheosis of Saint Thomas Aquinas The Vision of Fray Lauterio Temptation of St. Thomas Triumph of Saint Thomas Aquinas
Related topics	Aristotelianism Dominican Order School of Salamanca Catholic theology Doctor of the Church Empiricism List of institutions named after Aquinas Saint Thomas Aquinas Church Physical premotion Actus primus
Catholicism portal

v t e Sacraments, rites, and liturgies of the Catholic Church
Sacraments	Baptism Confirmation Eucharist Penance Anointing of the Sick Holy Orders Matrimony
Eucharistic liturgies	Divine Liturgy Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom Holy Qurbana Holy Qurbono Mass Low Mass Missa Cantata Solemn Mass Pontifical High Mass Papal Mass
Canonical hours, Liturgical hours	Matins (nighttime) Lauds (early morning) Prime (first hour of daylight) Terce (third hour) Sext (noon) Nones (ninth hour) Vespers (sunset/evening) Evensong (Anglican Use Vespers) Ramsha (West Syriac Vespers) Compline (end of the day)
Other liturgical services	Asperges Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament Exorcism Funeral Requiem Liturgy of the Hours Procession
Liturgical literature	Agpeya Antiphonary Book of hours Breviary Roman Breviary Customary Euchologion Gospel Book Gradual Horologion Lectionary Liturgy of the Hours Divine Worship: Daily Office Martyrology Pontifical Roman Pontifical Psalter Missal Divine Worship: The Missal Roman Missal Tonary Roman Ritual Sacramentary
Liturgical language	Ecclesiastical Latin Liturgical use of Latin
Liturgical rites	Latin Church (Latin liturgical rites) Current Ambrosian Rite Rite of Braga Mozarabic Rite Roman Rite Mass of Paul VI Extraordinary Form Tridentine Mass Anglican Use Zaire Use Orders Benedictine Rite Carmelite Rite Carthusian Rite Cistercian Rite Dominican Rite Norbertine Rite Defunct African Rite Aquileian Rite British Celtic Rite Durham Rite Hereford Use Sarum Use York Use Gallican Rite Missa Nautica Missa sicca Missa Venatoria Pre-Tridentine Mass Eastern Catholic Churches (Eastern Catholic liturgy) Alexandrian Rite Armenian Rite Antiochene Rite West Syriac Malankara Byzantine Rite East Syriac Rite Malabar
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