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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Canada:

Canada (/ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area, and shares land borders with the United States to the south and northwest, and marine borders with France and Greenland on the east and northeast, respectively.

The lands have been inhabited for millennia by various groups of aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of additional provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the Statute of Westminster in 1931 and culminating in the Canada Act in 1982 which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament.

Canada is a federation that is governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy with King Charles III as its head of state. It is a bilingual and multicultural country, with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. Technologically advanced and industrialized, Canada maintains a diversified economy that is heavily reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade—particularly with the United States, with which Canada has a long and complex relationship.

General reference

• Pronunciation /ˈkænədə/
• Common English country name: Canada
• Official English country name: Canada
• Common endonym: Canada
• Official endonym: Canada
• Adjectival: Canadian, Canada
• Demonym: Canadian (Fr. canadien)
• Etymology: Name of Canada
• Official languages : English, French
• ISO country codes: CA, CAN, 124
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:CA
• Internet country code top-level domain: .ca
• International rankings of Canada

Geography

Geography of Canada

• Canada is...
  • a country
    • a nation state
    • a Commonwealth Realm
    • a federation
    • a member state of NATO
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere
    • Americas
      • North America
        • Northern America
  • Time zones (Time in Canada):
    • Newfoundland Standard Time (UTC-03:30), Newfoundland Daylight Time (UTC-02:30)
    • Atlantic Standard Time (UTC-04), Atlantic Daylight Time (UTC-03)
    • Eastern Standard Time (UTC-05), Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-04)
    • Central Standard Time (UTC-06), Central Daylight Time (UTC-05)
    • Mountain Standard Time (UTC-07), Mountain Daylight Time (UTC-06)
    • Pacific Standard Time (UTC-08), Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-07)
  • Extreme points of Canada
    • North: Cape Columbia, Nunavut - (83°08' N, 74°13'W)
    • South: Middle Island, Ontario - (41°41'N, 82°40'W)
    • East: Cape Spear, Newfoundland - (47°31'N, 52°37'W)
    • West: Yukon-Alaska border - (141°00'W)
    • High: Mount Logan, Yukon 5,959 m (19,551 ft)
    • Low: North Atlantic Ocean, Arctic Ocean, and North Pacific Ocean 0 m
  • Land boundaries:

 United States 8,893 km (5,526 miles)

 Greenland 1,280 m (4,200 feet) (on Hans Island)

• • Coastline: 202,080 km (125,570 miles)
• Population of Canada: 36,991,981 people (2021 Census) - 36th most populous country
• Area of Canada: 9,984,670 km (3,855,100 square miles) - 2nd most extensive country
• Atlas of Canada

Environment

Environment of Canada

• Climate of Canada
• Environmental issues in Canada
  • Fires in Canada
• Ecoregions in Canada
• Renewable energy in Canada
• Geology of Canada
  • Earthquakes in Canada
• National parks of Canada
• Protected areas of Canada
• Wildlife of Canada
  • Flora of Canada
  • Fauna of Canada
    • Birds of Canada
    • Mammals of Canada

Geographic features

• Canadian Arctic
• Fjords of Canada
• Glaciers of Canada
• Islands of Canada
• Lakes of Canada
  • Great Lakes

• Mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 100 Highest mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 142 Most prominent mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 100 Most isolated mountain peaks of Canada
  • Appalachian Mountains
  • Pacific Cordillera
  • Rocky Mountains
  • Volcanoes of Canada
• Prairies of Canada
• Rivers of Canada
  • Waterfalls of Canada
• Valleys of Canada
• World Heritage Sites in Canada
• Other
  • Canadian Shield
  • St. Lawrence Lowlands
  • List of National Historic Sites of Canada

Regions

• Northern Canada (The North)
• Western Canada
  • Prairies
• Eastern Canada
  • Central Canada
  • Atlantic Canada
    • Maritimes

Other regions

• English Canada, sometimes known as the Rest of Canada (excluding Quebec) when considering topics of language
• French Canada
• Acadia
• Quebec-Windsor Corridor

Ecoregions

Provinces and territories

Provinces and territories of Canada

Provinces

Province, with flag	Postal abbreviation/ ISO code	Other abbreviations	Capital	Entered Confederation	Population (2016)	Area (km)
						Land	Water	Total
Ontario	ON	Ont.	Toronto	July 1, 1867	13,448,494	917,741	158,654	1,076,395
Quebec	QC	Que., PQ, P.Q.	Quebec City		8,164,361	1,356,128	185,928	1,542,056
Nova Scotia	NS	N.S.	Halifax		923,598	53,338	1,946	55,284
New Brunswick	NB	N.B.	Fredericton		747,101	71,450	1,458	72,908
Manitoba	MB	Man.	Winnipeg	July 15, 1870	1,278,365	553,556	94,241	647,797
British Columbia	BC	B.C.	Victoria	July 20, 1871	4,648,055	925,186	19,549	944,735
Prince Edward Island	PE	PEI, P.E.I., P.E. Island	Charlottetown	July 1, 1873	142,907	5,660	—	5,660
Saskatchewan	SK	Sask., SK, SKWN	Regina	September 1, 1905	1,098,352	591,670	59,366	651,036
Alberta	AB	Alta.	Edmonton		4,067,175	642,317	19,531	661,848
Newfoundland and Labrador	NL	Nfld., NF, LB	St. John's	March 31, 1949	519,716	373,872	31,340	405,212

Notes:

1. Immediately prior to Confederation, Ontario and Quebec were part of the Province of Canada.
2. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, British Columbia, and Prince Edward Island were separate colonies at the time of joining Canada.
3. Manitoba was established simultaneously with Northwest Territories.
4. Saskatchewan and Alberta were created out of land that had been part of Northwest Territories.
5. Prior to its entry in Confederation, Newfoundland had been a Dominion within the British Commonwealth, but due to a financial crisis during the Depression had surrendered its right to self-government and was under direct British governance.

Territories

There are currently three territories in Canada. Unlike the provinces, the territories of Canada have no inherent jurisdiction and only have those powers delegated to them by the federal government.

Territory, with flag	Postal abbreviation/ ISO code	Other abbreviations	Capital	Entered Confederation	Population (2007)	Area (km)
						Land	Water	Total
Northwest Territories	NT	N.W.T., NWT	Yellowknife	July 15, 1870	41,786	1,183,085	163,021	1,346,106
Yukon	YT	Y.T., YK	Whitehorse	June 13, 1898	35,874	474,391	8,052	482,443
Nunavut	NU	NV	Iqaluit	April 1, 1999	35,944	1,936,113	157,077	2,093,190

Note: Canada did not acquire any new land to create Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan, or Nunavut. All of these originally formed part of Northwest Territories.

Municipalities

Municipalities of Canada

• Cities of Canada
  • Capital of Canada: Ottawa

Demography

Demography of Canada

• Canadians
• Immigration to Canada
• Aboriginal peoples in Canada

Demographics by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Demographics of Northwest Territories
• Demographics of Nunavut
• Demographics of the Yukon

Government and politics

Politics of Canada
Government (structure)
The Crown Monarch (list): Charles III Governor General (list): Mary Simon Monarchy in the provinces Lieutenant governors Royal prerogative
Executive King’s Privy Council Prime minister (List of prime ministers): Justin Trudeau Cabinet (List of Canadian ministries): 29th Canadian Ministry President of the Privy Council Clerk of the Privy Council Privy Council Office Public Service Provincial and territorial executive councils Premiers
Legislative Federal parliament (List of parliaments) Senate Speaker of the Senate Government Leader in the Senate Opposition Leader in the Senate Senate divisions House of Commons Speaker of the house Government Leader in the house Opposition Leader in the house His Majesty's Loyal Opposition Leader of the Opposition Shadow cabinet Provincial and territorial parliaments
Judicial Supreme court (List of justices) Chief Justice of Canada: Richard Wagner Courts of the Provinces and Territories Federal courts Military courts Constitution Constitution Acts Peace, order, and good government Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Elections Federal electoral districts Federal electoral system (List of federal elections) Provincial electoral districts Politics of the provinces
Local government Municipal government
Foreign relations Global Affairs Canada Minister: Mélanie Joly Diplomatic missions of / in Canada Nationality law Passport Visa requirements Visa policy Canada–Latin America relations Canada–European Union relations Proposed annexation of Turks and Caicos Islands
Crown and Indigenous peoples Canadian Aboriginal law Aboriginal self-government First Nations bands Indigenous law Indigenous Peoples in Canada Métis Inuit Nunangat
Related topics Conservatism Constitutional law Federalism Liberalism Office-holders Political culture Provinces and territories Regions Republicanism
Canada portal Politics portal Other countries
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Politics of Canada

• Form of government: constitutional monarchy and democratic parliamentary federation
• Capital of Canada: Ottawa
• Provinces and territories of Canada
• Canadian and American politics compared
• Canadian and Australian politics compared
• Canadian Conservatism
• List of Canadian federal general elections
• Canadian Nationalism
• Elections in Canada
  • Electoral ridings
  • Electoral system
  • List of elections
• Federalism in Canada
• Human rights in Canada
• Liberalism in Canada
• Political culture of Canada
• Political parties in Canada
• Political scandals of Canada
• Progressivism in Canada
• Socialism and Social Democracy in Canada
• Taxation in Canada

Branches of the government

Politics of Canada

Executive branch of the government

Monarchy of Canada
This article is part of a series
Canadian monarchical history Sovereigns of Canada and their consorts Monarchy by provinces BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE NL
Viceroys Governor General List of governors general Lieutenant governors LGs by provinces BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE NL
Residences and household Rideau Hall La Citadelle Provincial residences or offices BC AB SK MB ON QC NB NS PE NL Secretary to the King Secretary to the Governor General RCMP Personal Protection Group Chapels royal
ConstitutionKing-in-Council King-in-Parliament King-on-the-Bench King's peace Crown and the Forces Crown and Indigenous peoples Monarchical debate
Legal Royal charter Royal commissions Crown corporations Crown copyright King's Printer Crown Collection
Symbols Canadian royal symbols Great Seal of Canada Royal Coat of Arms of Canada Royal eponyms Royal monuments Royal patronage Royal prefix Royal stamps Royal Swans
Related links Style and title Thrones of Canada Chapels Royal Royal tours of Canada Royal standards St Edward's Crown Royal cypher Royal anthem Loyal toast Victoria Day Coronation Day Coronation Contingent Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria Silver Jubilee of George V Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II Ruby Jubilee of Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II Sapphire Jubilee of Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II
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• Head of state: Charles III, King of Canada
  • Governor General of Canada, the King's representative: Mary Simon
    • King's Privy Council for Canada
      • Prime Minister (Justin Trudeau)
      • Cabinet (Twenty-Eighth Ministry)
      • Ministries
      • President of the King's Privy Council
      • Privy Council Office
      • Clerk of the Privy Council

Government of Canada

• Head of government: Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada
  • Cabinet of Canada (Majority government)

Legislative branch of the government

• Parliament of Canada
  • The King
  • Senate of Canada
    • Speaker of the Senate of Canada
  • House of Commons of Canada
    • Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada

Judicial branch of the government

Court system of Canada

Supreme Court of Canada
The Court Supreme Court Act History Process List of cases
Current members Chief Justice of Canada Richard Wagner Puisne justices Andromache Karakatsanis Suzanne Côté Malcolm Rowe Sheilah Martin Nicholas Kasirer Mahmud Jamal Michelle O'Bonsawin Mary Moreau
All members List of chief justices List of all justices by court by seat
RelatedCourt system of Canada Judicial appointments in Canada
Canada portal
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Foreign relations

Foreign relations of Canada

• Canadian peacekeeping

International organization membership

Canada is a member of:

Legal system

Part of a series on
Canadian law
Sources Constitution Federal statutes Provincial statutes
Core areas Constitutional Administrative Criminal Contract Tort Property
Other areas Aboriginal Indigenous Civil and human rights Family Immigration and refugees Intellectual property Copyright Patent Trademark Trade secrets Labour and employment Maritime
Courts Supreme Court Federal Court Appeal Court Tax Court Courts of Appeal Superior Courts Provincial
Education Law schools Law School Admission Test Call to the bar
Canada portal
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Law of Canada

• Canadian Aboriginal law
• Canada Bank Act
• Canadian Bill of Rights
• Canadian competition law
• Constitution of Canada
• Canadian content
• Canadian contract law
• Canadian copyright law
• Canadian corporation
• Crime in Canada
• Canadian family law
• Criminal law of Canada
  • Criminal Code
• Law enforcement in Canada
  • List of law enforcement agencies in Canada

Military

Military of Canada

Part of a series on the
Military history of Canada
History of... Canadian Armed Forces Army Navy Air Force Conscription Crown and Forces Militia Colonial New France Acadia Nova Scotia Peacekeeping
Conflicts Beaver Wars Anglo-French War) Acadian Civil War Anglo-Dutch Wars King William's War Queen Anne's War Father Rale's War King George's War Father Le Loutre's War Seven Years' War American Revolutionary War French Revolutionary Wars War of 1812 Pemmican War Rebellions of 1837–1838 Fraser Canyon War Chilcotin War American Civil War Fenian raids Red River Rebellion North-West Rebellion Second Boer War World War I Russian Civil War World War II Korean War Vietnam War October Crisis Oka Crisis Gulf War Somalia Yugoslav Wars Afghanistan Iraq War Libya Mali War ISIL
Installations Air Force Armed Forces French forts Navy
Lists Operations Wars
Research Bibliography Historiography Historians
Canada portal
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Provincial governments

Territory governments

• Government of the Northwest Territories
• Government of Nunavut
• Government of the Yukon

Politics by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Politics of Northwest Territories
• Politics of Nunavut
• Politics of the Yukon

History

Part of a series on the
History of Canada
Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe
Timeline (list) Pre-colonization 1534–1763 1764–1867 1867–1914 1914–1945 1945–1960 1960–1981 1982–present
Significant Events Sites People
Topics Agricultural Cultural Constitutional Economic Former colonies Immigration Indigenous Medicine Military Monarchical Peacekeeping Population Sports Religion Territorial evolution Women
Provinces Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Nunavut Northwest Territories Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Yukon
Cities Brampton Charlottetown Edmonton Fredericton Halifax Hamilton Lethbridge Markham Moncton Montreal Northwest Territories capital cities Ottawa Quebec City Saint John Regina Richmond Hill Saskatoon Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg (Name etymologies)
Research Bibliography Historiography Historians Studies Surveys
Canada portal
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• Former Colonies and Territories in Canada
• Constitutional history of Canada
• History of immigration to Canada
• Economic history of Canada
• Fires in Canada
• Military history of Canada
• History of monarchy in Canada
• Persons of National Historic Significance
• Territorial evolution of Canada (1867–present)

History of Canada by period

• Pre-Columbian era (Canada)
• 1534–1763: New France
• 1764-1867: Canada under British Imperial Control
• 1867–1914: Post-Confederation Canada
• 1914–1945: Canada in the World Wars and Interwar Years
• 1945–1960
• 1960–1981
• 1982–1992
• 1992–present

History of Canada by political division

Provinces

Territories

• History of Nunavut
• History of the Northwest Territories
• History of the Yukon

Culture

Part of a series on the
Culture of Canada
History Canadians Ethnicity Folklore Free expression Identity Immigration Holidays Human rights Languages Multiculturalism Symbols Royal Protectionism Women Values
Topics Architecture Art Comics Quebec Crime Cuisine Festivals Humour Law Literature Media Cinema Television Radio Newspapers Internet Video games Music Peacekeeping Politics Religion Sports Theatre
Research Bibliography Historiography Historians Studies Surveys
Canada portal
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Culture of Canada

• Age and internet use in Canada
• Alcoholic beverages in Canada
• Architecture of Canada
  • Gothic Revival architecture in Canada
  • Oldest buildings in Canada
• Cuisine of Canada
  • Supermarket Chains in Canada
• Decorations and medals of Canada (in order of precedence)
• Festivals in Canada
• Humour in Canada
• Languages of Canada
  • Canadian Aboriginal syllabics
  • Official bilingualism in Canada
  • Canadian English
  • Canadian French
• Media in Canada
• Symbols of Canada
  • National symbols of Canada
    • Coat of arms of Canada
    • Flag of Canada
    • National anthem of Canada
  • Royal symbols of Canada
• Canadians
  • Canadian identity
    • Canadian nationalism
    • Canadian cultural protectionism
  • Ethnic groups in Canada
    • History of immigration to Canada
• Prostitution in Canada
• Public holidays in Canada
• World Heritage Sites in Canada

Culture by political division

Provinces

• Culture of Alberta
• Culture of British Columbia
  • Culture of Vancouver (city)
• Culture of Manitoba
• Culture of New Brunswick

• Culture of Nova Scotia
• Culture of Ontario
  • Culture of Hamilton, Ontario (city)
  • Culture of Toronto (city)
• Culture of Prince Edward Island
• Culture of Quebec
  • Culture of Montreal (city)
• Culture of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Culture of Northwest Territories
• Culture of Nunavut
• Culture of the Yukon

Art in Canada

• Art in Canada
  • Canadian Artists
  • Museums in Alberta
  • Museums in British Columbia
  • Museums in Manitoba
  • Museums in New Brunswick
  • Museums in Newfoundland and Labrador
  • Museums in Ontario
  • Museums in Quebec
  • Museums in Saskatchewan
• Cinema of Canada
  • Canadian Film Awards
• Canadian comics
  • Central Canada Comic Con
• Literature of Canada
  • Canadian writers
• Television in Canada
• Theatre of Canada
  • Canadian playwrights

Music

Music of Canada
Genres
Blues classical country Eurodance folk grime hip hop jazz punk rock Latin subgenres
Specific forms
Ethnic music Overview Aboriginal Blackfeet Dene Innu Inuit Iroquois Kwakwaka'wakw Métis Celtic French Instrumental repertoires Canadian fiddle
Media and performance
Music awards Junos Polaris Félixes Hall of Fame ECMAs Atlantis WCMAs CASBYs CRMAs CCMAs MMVAs CUMAs CFMAs Music charts Canadian Hot 100 Singles Chart (Jam!) Chart Attack Exclaim! CBC Music Top 20 Music festivals Many notables Canadian Music Week Quebec City Summer Festival Montreal International Jazz Festival Les FrancoFolies de Montréal Ottawa Bluesfest Big Valley Jamboree Celtic Colours Havelock Country Jamboree Cavendish Beach Music Festival Music media 6ixBuzz Print media La Scena Musicale CM ChartAttack Exclaim! The Record RPM The Coast HipHopCanada Music television ATN B4U Music aux.tv bpm:tv CMT MuchLoud MuchMore MuchMoreRetro MuchMusic MuchVibe MusiMax MusiquePlus PunchMuch
Nationalistic and patriotic songs
National anthem "O Canada" Other Canadian patriotic music
Regional music
Ontario Quebec British Columbia Prairie Provinces AB SK MB Newfoundland and Labrador Maritime Provinces NB PEI NS Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut
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Music of Canada

• Canadian blues
• Canadian classical music
• Canadian hip hop
• Canadian Idol
• Canadian rock
• Caribbean music in Canada
• Music of Canadian cultures

Music by political division

Provinces

• Music of Alberta
• Music of British Columbia
  • Music of Vancouver (city)
• Music of Manitoba
• Music of New Brunswick
• Music of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Music of Nova Scotia
• Music of Ontario
  • Music of Toronto (city)
• Music of Prince Edward Island
• Music of Quebec
  • Music of Montreal (city)
• Music of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Music of Northwest Territories
• Music of Nunavut
• Music of the Yukon

Religion in Canada

• Religion in Canada
  • Buddhism in Canada
  • Christianity in Canada
    • Roman Catholicism in Canada
  • Hinduism in Canada
  • Islam in Canada
  • Judaism in Canada
  • Sikhism in Canada
• Irreligion in Canada

Sport in Canada

Sport in Canada Official Sports

• Ice hockey
• Lacrosse

Other sports

• Canadian football
• Canada at the Olympics
• Canada Rugby League
• Canadian Curling Association
• Canadian Figure Skating
• Association Football (Soccer) in Canada
• Cross Country Skiing
• Snowboarding in Canada

Hall of Fame Museums

• Hockey Hall of Fame
• Canadian Curling Hall of Fame
• Skate Canada Hall of Fame
• Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame

Economy and infrastructure

Economy of Canada

Part of a series on the
Economy of Canada
Economic history Banking history Petroleum history Energy policy of Canada Canadian dollar
Sectors Primary sector Agriculture Energy Petroleum Electricity Mining Fishing Forestry Secondary sector Automotives Tertiary sector Social programs Transport Tourism Finance Central Bank Banking in Canada Stock exchanges Companies Companies listed on the TSX
Economy by province Alberta Ontario Quebec Saskatchewan more...
Economy by city Montreal Toronto Vancouver more...
Canada portal

• CNQ
• Nasdaq Canada
• Toronto Stock Exchange, S&P/TSX 60 is the main index of TSX
• TSX Venture Exchange
• Winnipeg Commodity Exchange
• Montreal Exchange

• Tourism in Canada
  • Niagara Falls
• Transport in Canada
  • Airports in Canada
  • Rail transport in Canada
  • Roads in Canada
• Water supply and sanitation in Canada

Economics by political division

Provinces

• Economy of Alberta
• Economy of British Columbia
  • Economy of Vancouver (city)
• Economy of Manitoba
• Economy of New Brunswick
• Economy of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Economy of Nova Scotia
• Economy of Ontario
  • Economy of Toronto (city)
• Economy of Prince Edward Island
• Economy of Quebec
  • Demographic history of Quebec
  • Economy of Montreal (city)
• Economy of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Economy of Northwest Territories
• Economy of Nunavut
• Economy of the Yukon

Education in Canada

Education by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Education in Northwest Territories
• Education in Nunavut
• Education in the Yukon

Higher Education by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Higher education in Northwest Territories
• Higher education in Nunavut
• Higher education in the Yukon

Bibliographies

• Bibliography of Canada
  • Bibliography of Canadian history
    • Bibliography of Canadian military history
      • Bibliography of the 1837-1838 insurrections in Lower Canada
      • List of books about the War of 1812
• Bibliography of Canadian provinces and territories
  • Bibliography of Alberta history
  • Bibliography of British Columbia
  • Bibliography of New Brunswick
  • Bibliography of Nova Scotia
  • Bibliography of Ontario
  • Bibliography of Saskatchewan history
• List of books about prime ministers of Canada

See also

• All pages with titles beginning with Canada
• All pages with titles beginning with Canadian
• All pages with titles containing Canada
• All pages with titles containing Canadian
• List of international rankings
• Member state of the Commonwealth of Nations
• Member state of the Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
• Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Member state of the United Nations
• Metrication in Canada

References

1. ^ "Canada". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 8, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.
2. "Territorial evolution". Atlas of Canada. Natural Resources Canada. Archived from the original on 2007-08-09. Retrieved 2007-10-09. In 1867, the colonies of Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick are united in a federal state, the Dominion of Canada....
3. "Canada: History". Country Profiles. Commonwealth Secretariat. Archived from the original on 2007-10-12. Retrieved 2007-10-09. The British North America Act of 1867 brought together four British colonies ... in one federal Dominion under the name of Canada.
4. Hillmer, Norman; W. David MacIntyre. "Commonwealth". Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Project. Retrieved 2007-10-09. With CONFEDERATION in 1867, Canada became the first federation in the British Empire ...
5. The total length of the land border between Canada and the United States is the longest between any two countries.
6. The coastline of Canada is the longest in the world. The total length of the coast of Canada is more than five times as long as the circumference of the Earth.
7. Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (December 15, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census - Canada [Country]". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
8. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017. Retrieved July 17, 2020.

External links

• Wikimedia Canada
• Wikimedia Atlas of Canada

Government

• Official website of the Government of Canada
• Official website of the Prime Minister of Canada
• Official website of the Governor General of Canada
• Official website of the Canadian Forces
• Official Government of Canada online Atlas of Canada
• Canada and the United Nations

Crown corporations

• Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
• Canada Post
• Canadian Tourism Commission

Other

• Culture.ca — Canada's Cultural Gateway
• Culturescope.ca — Canadian Cultural Observatory
• Canadian Studies: A Guide to the Sources
• Statistics Canada with Canada's population clock
• The Canadian Atlas Online
• Canada. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency.
• UN Human Development Program: Country Fact Sheet: Canada (link broken), Statistics — Country Sheet: Canada
• Canada travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Canada from The Canadian Encyclopedia

• Canada
• Canada-related lists
• Outlines of countries
• Outlines