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Toqui Formation
Stratigraphic range: Tithonian ~147 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Cast of Chilesaurus from the Toqui Formation
Type	Geological formation
Unit of	Coihaique Group
Underlies	Katterfeld Formation
Overlies	Ibáñez Formation
Thickness	300–320 m (980–1,050 ft)
Lithology
Primary	Conglomerate, sandstone, tuffite, ignimbrite
Location
Coordinates	46°36′S 72°24′W / 46.6°S 72.4°W / -46.6; -72.4
Approximate paleocoordinates	44°48′S 32°24′W / 44.8°S 32.4°W / -44.8; -32.4
Region	Aysén Region
Country	Chile
Toqui Formation (Chile)

The Toqui Formation is a geological formation in the Aysén Region of southern Chile. It has been dated to the Tithonian stage of the Late Jurassic by uranium–lead dating of zircons, providing ages between 148.7 ± 1.4 Ma and 147 ± 1.0 Ma. It consists of a sequence of clastic sedimentary sandstones and conglomerates, interbedded with volcanic tuffs and ignimbrite. The dinosaurs Chilesaurus and indeterminate diplodocids and the mesoeucrocodylian Burkesuchus are known from the formation. The formation was deposited in a fluvio-deltaic environment.

Paleobiota of the Toqui Formation

Crocodylomorphs

Genus	Species	Material	Notes	Images
Burkesuchus	B. mallingrandensis	"Fragmented skull and partial postcrania."	A neosuchian.
Crocodylomorpha indet.	Indeterminate	"Partial postcrania."	A neosuchian.

Dinosaurs

Genus	Species	Material	Notes	Images
Chilesaurus	C. diegosuarezi	"Skull with and skeletons from multiple specimens."	A dinosaur with uncertain affinities.
Diplodocidae indet.	Indeterminate	"Cervical centra."	A diplodocid.
Diplodocinae indet.	Indeterminate	"Partial caudal vertebra."	A diplodocin.
Sauropoda indet.	Indeterminate	"Partial dorsal vertebra."	A sauropod.
	Indeterminate	"Two caudal vertebrae centra."	A sauropod.
	Indeterminate	"Partial sternal plate."	A sauropod.
Titanosauriformes? indet.	Indeterminate	"Lower end of left femur."	A titanosauriform.
	Indeterminate	"Lower end of right tibia."	A titanosauriform.

See also

• Geology of Chile
• Tobífera Formation

References

1. Suárez, Manuel; De La Cruz, Rita; Fanning, Mark; Novas, Fernando; Salgado, Leonardo (2015-12-28). "Tithonian age of dinosaur fossils in central Patagonian, Chile: U–Pb SHRIMP geochronology". International Journal of Earth Sciences. 105 (8): 2273–2284. doi:10.1007/s00531-015-1287-7. ISSN 1437-3254.
2. Salgado, Leonardo; Cruz, Rita Dela; Suárez, Manuel; Fernández, Marta; Gasparini, Zulma; Palma-Heldt, Sylvia; Fanning, Mark (2008-06-12). "First Late Jurassic dinosaur bones from Chile". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (2): 529–534. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2008)28[529:fljdbf]2.0.co;2. hdl:1885/37839. ISSN 0272-4634.
3. ^ Novas, Fernando E.; Salgado, Leonardo; Suárez, Manuel; Agnolín, Federico L.; Ezcurra, Martín D.; Chimento, Nicolás R.; de la Cruz, Rita; Isasi, Marcelo P.; Vargas, Alexander O. (2015). "An enigmatic plant-eating theropod from the Late Jurassic period of Chile". Nature. 522 (7556): 331–334. Bibcode:2015Natur.522..331N. doi:10.1038/nature14307. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 25915021.
4. ^ Salgado, Leonardo; Novas, Fernando E.; Suarez, Manuel; Cruz, Rita De La; Isasi, Marcelo; Rubilar-Rogers, David; Vargas, Alexander (2015). "Late Jurassic Sauropods in Chilean Patagonia". Ameghiniana. 52 (4): 418–429. doi:10.5710/amgh.07.05.2015.2883. hdl:11336/39545. ISSN 0002-7014.
5. ^ Novas FE, Agnolin FL, Lio GL, Rozadilla S, Suárez M, de la Cruz R, Carvalho IS, Rubilar-Rogers D, Isasi MP (2021). "New transitional fossil from late Jurassic of Chile sheds light on the origin of modern crocodiles". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): Article number 14960. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93994-z. PMC 8298593. PMID 34294766.
6. Toqui Formation, Aysén at Fossilworks.org
7. Lio, G.; Novas, F.; Salgado, L.; Suárez, M.; De La Cruz, R. (2010). "First record of a non-marine crocodylomorph (Archosauria) from the Upper Jurassic of Chile". Ameghiniana. 48 (4).
8. Chimento, N. R.; Agnolin, F. L.; Novas, F. E.; Ezcurra, M. D.; Salgado, L.; Isasi, M. P.; Suarez, M.; De La Cruz, R.; Rubilar-Rogers, D.; Vargas, A. (2017). "Forelimb posture in Chilesaurus diegosuarezi (Dinosauria, Theropoda) and its behavioral and phylogenetic implications" (PDF). Ameghiniana. 54 (5): 567−575. doi:10.5710/AMGH.11.06.2017.3088. hdl:2250/148932.

External links

• Media related to Toqui Formation at Wikimedia Commons

v t e Geology of Chile
Terranes	Arequipa-Antofalla Chaitenia Chilenia Chiloé Cuyania Fitz Roy Madre de Dios Mejillonia Patagonia
Sedimentary formations and groups	Cenozoic Neogene Abanico Fm. Angostura Fm. Ayacara Fm. Bahía Inglesa Fm. Caldera Beds Caleta Godoy Fm. Caleta Herradura Fm. Campanario Fm. Chaicayán Gp. Cheuquemó Fm. Cholchol Fm. Chucal Fm. Cola de Zorro Fm. Coquimbo Fm. Cura-Mallín Gp. Farellones Fm. La Cascada Fm. Lacui Fm. La Montaña Fm. La Portada Fm. Lauca Fm. Malleco Fm. Mininco Fm. Navidad Fm. Oxaya Fm. Parga Fm. Puduhuapi Fm. Pupunahue Beds Quebrada Macusa Fm. Ranquil Fm. Río Frías Fm. San Pedro Beds Santo Domingo Fm. Temuco Fm. Traiguén Fm. Trapa-Trapa Fm. Tubul Fm. Vargas Fm. Paleogene Abanico Fm. Azapa Fm. Caleta Chonos Fm. Cheuquemó Fm. Cura-Mallín Gp. La Cascada Fm. Lebu Gp. Loreto Fm. Lupica Fm. Oxaya Fm. Parga Fm. Purilactis Gp. Pupunahue Beds Temuco Fm. Vargas Fm. Mesozoic Cretaceous Baños del Flaco Fm. Cerro Colorado Fm. Chacarilla Fm. Chañarcillo Gp. Coihaique Gp. Divisadero Gp. Dorotea Fm. Hornitos Fm. La Liga Fm. Ñirehuao Fm. Punta del Cobre Fm. Purilactis Gp. Quiriquina Fm. Viñita Fm. Way Gp. Zapata Fm. Jurassic Chacarilla Fm. Coihaique Gp. Ibáñez Fm. La Liga Fm. La Negra Fm. Nacientes del Biobío Fm. Nacientes del Teno Fm. Pan de Azúcar Fm. Tobífera Fm. Triassic Canto del Agua Fm. Choiyoi Gp. Panguipulli Fm. Santa Juana Fm. Tralcán Fm. Paleozoic Llano de Chocolate Beds
Batholiths	Coastal central Chile Elqui-Limarí Futrono-Riñihue North Patagonian Panguipulli South Patagonian Vicuña Mackenna
Metamorphic complexes	Bahía Mansa Belén Chañaral Choapa Chonos Cordillera Darwin Eastern Andes Mejillones Puerto Edén Punta de Choros Quebrada del Carrizo Trafún Tierra del Fuego
Faults	Atacama Fault Biobío-Aluminé Fault Cachet Fault Domeyko Fault El Arrayán Fault Futrono Fault Gastre Fault Lanalhue Fault Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Magallanes-Fagnano Fault Mocha-Villarrica Fault Pichilemu Fault Reigolil-Pirihueico Fault San Ramón Fault Valeriano Fault
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