| Truebella tothastes | |
|---|---|
| Conservation status | |
 Endangered (IUCN 3.1) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Truebella |
| Species: | T. tothastes |
| Binomial name | |
| Truebella tothastes Graybeal and Cannatella [fr], 1995 | |
Truebella tothastes is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Ayacucho Region in the Cordillera Oriental of central Peru and is only known from a few locations west of the Apurímac River. The specific name tothastes is a Greek noun meaning "one who scorns" and refers to the enigmatic position of the genus Truebella within the bufonids.
Description
Adult males measure 26–30 mm (1.0–1.2 in) and adult females, based on a single specimen only, 37 mm (1.5 in) in snout–vent length. A smaller female (29 mm (1.1 in) SVL) was not mature. The snout is pointed in dorsal view and acutely rounded and protruding in lateral view. The canthus rostralis is sharp. Tympanum is absent. The arms are robust and the fingers are short, with slightly bulbous tips but no terminal discs; webbing is absent. The legs are short and stocky. The toes have slightly bulbous tips but no terminal discs; webbing is thick and fleshy, barely discernible. Skin has many warts dorsally but parotoid glands are absent. Coloration is variable; preserved specimens are mostly uniformly dark chocolate brown dorsally, but a mid-dorsal stripe, and sometimes, even dorsalateral stripes, may be present. The belly is mottled.
Habitat and conservation
Truebella tothastes occurs in leaf litter of riparian cloud forests at elevations of 2,200–2,440 m (7,220–8,010 ft) above sea level. Its breeding habits are unknown.
Truebella tothastes is an uncommon species. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture and by increased fire frequency. It is not known to occur in any protected areas.
References
- ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Truebella tothastes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T54892A89197819. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T54892A89197819.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ Graybeal, Anna & Cannatella, David C. (1995). "A new taxon of Bufonidae from Peru, with descriptions of two new species and a review of the phylogenetic status of supraspecific bufonid taxa". Herpetologica. 51 (2): 105–131. JSTOR 3892580.
- Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Truebella tothastes Graybeal and Cannatella, 1995". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 26 July 2019.
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Truebella tothastes | |