| Umbilicaria maculata | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Umbilicariales |
| Family: | Umbilicariaceae |
| Genus: | Umbilicaria |
| Species: | U. maculata |
| Binomial name | |
| Umbilicaria maculata Krzew., M.P.Martín & M.A.García (2009) | |
Umbilicaria maculata is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) umbilicate lichen in the family Umbilicariaceae. It is found in high-elevation alpine locations in Poland and France.
Taxonomy
Umbilicaria maculata was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Beata Krzewicka, María Paz Martín, and Miguel Angel García. The type specimen was collected by the first author from Mały Kozi Wierch, a peak in the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians) at an elevation of 2,220 m (7,280 ft).
Description
The thallus of Umbilicaria maculata is monophyllous, meaning that it consists of a single more or less orbicular, flattened, leafy lobe with a single point of attachment to the substrate. It is grey to grey–brown in colour with some whiter regions, and up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter with a smooth, dull upper surface. The thallus undersurface is also smooth and dull, with a pale creamy to white colour that darkens towards the edges. The medulla is white and comprises two layers: a loose upper part with a webby (arachnoidal) plectenchyma, and a more compact plectenchyma in the lower part.
Apothecia (spore-bearing structures) are black and about 1 mm in diameter; they have an apothecial disc with central column of sterile tissue (omphalodisc) and a fissure in the centre. The asci are club-shaped (clavate), contain eight spores, and measure 40–45 by 10–15 μm. Ascospores are hyaline and with dimensions of 10–12 by 5–6 μm.
Habitat and distribution
Umbilicaria maculata grows on the vertical faces of siliceous rocks in alpine and subnival habitats, preferring locations that are shaded and exposed to wind. Originally known from only a few location in the Tatra Mountains, it has since been reported from Uvernet-Fours in southeastern France, where it was found on the vertical faces of large blocks of Annot sandstone, at an elevation of 2,324 m (7,625 ft). The authors call the lichen "extremely rare", but acknowledge that its true distribution is not well understood because of potential confusion with the lookalike Umbilicaria cylindrica.
References
- ^ Krzewicka, Beata; García, Miguel A.; Johansen, Steinar D.; Sancho, Leopoldo G.; Martín, María P. (2009). "Morphological and nuclear ribosomal DNA data support distinguishing two new species of Umbilicaria (Umbilicariaceae, Ascomycota) from Europe". The Lichenologist. 41 (6): 631–648. doi:10.1017/s0024282909990120.
- Bertrand, Michel; Roux, Claude (2016). "Compte rendu de la session lichénologique de l'AFL en Haute-Ubaye - juillet 2014" (PDF). Bulletin d'information de l'Association Française de Lichénologie (in French). 41 (1): 34.
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Umbilicaria maculata | |