 | This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Cyrillization of German" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| German grammar |
|---|
The Cyrillization of German was a standardized transcription or transliteration system used by German-speakers in the Soviet Union, where access to Latin script was not readily available, along with providing a language-bridge for the largely intertwined history of Russia, Slavia, and Germany.
The system was not intended to be a fully active Cyrillic alternative to German orthography, as it does not contain sufficient letters to represent the functions within the German language. Rather, it was intended to be used as a guide system for borrowing and translating German words into Russian and other Cyrillic-using languages.
Transliteration
Consonants
| Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Palatal | Velar/ Uvular |
Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | м (m) | н (n) | ҥ/нг (ng) | ||||
| Plosive | fortis | п (p) | т (t, dt) | к (k, ck) | ' | ||
| lenis | б (b) | д (d) | ґ (g) | ||||
| Affricate | fortis | ц (pf, ts, z, c) | ч (tsch) | ||||
| lenis | дз (ds) | ||||||
| Fricative | sibilant | fortis | с (ß, s) | ш (sch) | |||
| lenis | з (s) | ж (dsch) | |||||
| non-sibilant | fortis | ф (f, v) | щ (ich, ech, öch) |
х (ach, och, uch) |
г (h) | ||
| lenis | в (w) | й, ь (j) | г (h) | ||||
| Lateral | ль (l) | л (lg) | |||||
| Rhotic | р, ғ (r) | ||||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High | unrounded | и (i, ie) | ы (i, y) | |
| rounded | ұ (ü, ᵫ) | у (u) | ||
| Mid | unrounded | е (e, ee) э (ä, æ) |
а (a, aa, -e) | |
| rounded | ө (ö, œ) | о (o, oo) | ||
| Low | ||||
Examples
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
German
Artikel 1 - Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte:
Alle Menschen sind frei und gleich an Würde und Rechten geboren. Sie sind mit Vernunft und Gewißen begabt und sollen einander im Geist der Brüderlichkeit begegnen.
Artikel 2 - Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte:
Jeder hat Anspruch auf alle in dieser Erklärung verkündeten Rechte und Freiheiten, ohne irgendeinen Unterschied, etwa nach Raße, Hautfarbe, Geschlecht, Sprache, Religion, politischer oder sonstiger Anschauung, nationaler oder sozialer Herkunft, Vermögen, Geburt oder sonstigem Stand. Des weiteren darf kein Unterschied gemacht werden auf Grund der politischen, rechtlichen oder internationalen Stellung des Landes oder Gebietes, dem eine Person angehört, gleichgültig ob dieses unabhängig ist, unter Treuhandschaft steht, keine Selbstregierung besitzt oder sonst in seiner Souveränität eingeschränkt ist.
Cyrillic
артикел аина - алґемаина еркльэруҥ дер меншенрещта:
ала меншен зинд фраи унд ґлаищ ан вұрда унд рещтен ґеборен. зи зинд мыт фернуфт унд ґевисен беґапт унд золен аинандер им ґаишт дер брұдерльищкаит беґеґнен.
артикел цваи - алґемаина еркльэруҥ дер меншенрещта:
йедер гат аншпрух ауф ала ин дизер еркльэруҥ феркұндетен рещта унд фраигаитен, она ирґендаинен унтершид, этва нах раса, гаутфарба, ґешльещт, шпраха, религион, политишер одер зонштиґер аншауҥ, начиональер одер зоциалер геркунфт, фермөґен, ґебурт одер зоштиґем штанд. дес ваитерен дарф каин унтершид ґемахт верден ауф ґрунд дер политишен, рещтлищен одер интерначионален штелуҥ дес льандез одер ґебитез, дем аина перзон аҥегөрт, ґлаищґұльтиґ об дизез унавгэҥиґ ишт, унтер трөйгандшафт штегт, каина зельбштреґируҥ безицт одер зоншт ин заинер зоверэнитат аиҥешрэҥкт ишт.
Translation
Article #1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Article #2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
References
| Transliteration and transcription into Cyrillic | ||
|---|---|---|
| Existing systems |  | |
| Standards | ||
 | This writing system–related article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it. |