Witch tower or Witches' Tower (German: Hexenturm) is a common name or description in English and other European languages for a tower that was part of a medieval town wall or castle, often used as a prison or dungeon.
History
The name is derived from the period of witch trials. Many of these towers were used to incarcerate those suspected or found guilty of witchcraft.
Other witch towers were named later, for example in the 19th century when they were used as prisons or ordinary towers in the city walls.
Witch towers are found in many German towns and cities such as Aschersleben, Coburg, Frankenberg (Eder), Fulda, Gelnhausen, Geseke, Heidelberg, Herborn, Hofheim am Taunus, Idstein, Jülich, Kaufbeuren, Lahnstein, Landsberg am Lech, Marburg, Markdorf, Memmingen, Olpe, Rheinbach, Rüthen, Treysa, Windecken. Today these towers are sometimes renovated and used to house museums.
According to legend, witches were burnt at the stake at the Witches' Tower at the Wildensteiner Burg. With trials from the region of the Upper Danube valley may be seen in the archives.
In Babenhausen, a special beer, the Hexe ("Witch") is brewed which depicts on its label the local witch tower.
In Salzburg there is a witch tower in the city walls dating to the 15th century that was used as a prison and, later, as a store. In 1944 it was destroyed by a bomb and the ruins were torn down. Only a picture on the facade of Wolf Dietrich Straße and Paris Lodron Straße recalls this building.
Surviving examples
- Großes Bollwerk and Hexenturm (Büdingen)
- Hexenturm (Burg)
- Hexenturm (Calbe)
- Hexenturm (Fulda)
- Hexenturm in the Old Gaol at Freising
- Hexenturm (Gelnhausen)
- Hexenturm (Herborn)
- Hexenturm (Hofheim am Taunus)
- Hexenturm (Idstein), part of Idstein Castle
- Hexenturm Jülich
- Hexenturm (Memmingen)
- Hexenturm (Oberderdingen)
- Hexenturm (Rüthen)
- Hexenturm (Sarnen)
- Hexenturm (Stein am Rhein)
- Baszta Czarownic (Słupsk)
Lost witch towers
- Hexenturm (Munich), a tower in Munich's second city wall.
- Hexenturm (Salzburg), tower in the former city wall, today on the corner of Paris-Lodron-Straße and Wolf-Dietrich Straße.
Gallery
-
The Hexenturm in Idstein
-
Witch tower in Landsberg am Lech
-
The Witch Tower, surrounded today by the inner courtyard of the New University, is the only remnant of the medieval town fortifications in Heidelberg
-
Witch tower in Treysa
-
Witch tower in Babenhausen (Hesse)
References
- Falkenturm und Hexenturm at outdooractive.com. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- Dorn, Herbert: "Spurensuche in Salzburg" in Verschwundene Bauwerke und vergessene Kunstschätze aus acht Jahrhunderten. SMCA, Salzburg 1997.
- Friedrich Pirckmayer: "Der Hechsenthurm in Salzburg: Ein kleiner Beitrag zur Ortsgeschichte" in Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde, Vol. 45, 1905, p. 112.
