Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license.
Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat.
We can research this topic together.
This list of suffragists and suffragettes includes noted individuals active in the worldwide women's suffrage movement who have campaigned or strongly advocated for women's suffrage, the organisations which they formed or joined, and the publications which publicized – and, in some nations, continue to publicize– their goals. Suffragists and suffragettes, often members of different groups and societies, used or use differing tactics. Australians called themselves "suffragists" during the nineteenth century while the term "suffragette" was adopted in the earlier twentieth century by some British groups after it was coined as a dismissive term in a newspaper article. "Suffragette" in the British or Australian usage can sometimes denote a more "militant" type of campaigner, while suffragists in the United States organized such nonviolent events as the Suffrage Hikes, the Woman Suffrage Procession of 1913, the Silent Sentinels, and the Selma to Montgomery march. US and Australian activists most often preferred to be called suffragists, though both terms were occasionally used.
Doria Shafik (1908–1975) – feminist, poet and editor who went on an eight-day hunger strike at Egypt's press syndicate in protest of the creation of a constitutional committee without any women
Huda Sha'arawi (1879–1947) – feminist, activist, nationalist, revolutionary, co-founder of the EFU
Nigeria
Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (1900–1978) – educator and activist who fought for women's enfranchisement and political representation
Gambo Sawaba (1933–2001) - widely regarded as the pioneer of fighting for the liberation of northern women
Wuraola Esan (1909–1985) - educator and advocate for women in traditional and legislative spaces
South Africa
Annie Botha (1864–1937) – political hostess, wife of the first Prime Minister of South Africa and suffragist, co-founder of the South African Women's Federation
Zainunnisa Gool (1897–1963) – lawyer and civil rights activist, and after white women only were granted the vote in 1930, founder of the League for the Enfranchisement of Non-European Women in 1938
Anna Petronella van Heerden (1887–1975) – campaigned for women's suffrage in the 1920s and the first Afrikaner woman to qualify as a medical doctor
Charlotte Maxeke (1871–1939) – religious leader, suffragist and the first black South African woman to graduate from a university, founded the Bantu Women’s League
Jessie Rose-Innes (1860–1943) – nurse, social campaigner and suffragist of British descent, elected chair of the Cape Town branch of the National Council for Women
Olive Schreiner (1855–1920) – writer, suffragist and co-founder of the Cape Women's Enfranchisement League, left the Women's Enfranchisement League (WEL) when they refused to support the vote for black African women
Jessie M. Soga (1870–1954) – singer, music teacher and suffragist
Julia Solly (1862–1953) – British-born South African feminist, temperance activist and suffragist who co-founded Cape Women's Enfranchisement League and helped acquire the vote for white women only in 1930
Daisy Solomon (1882–1978) – suffragist who campaigned in South Africa and Britain, daughter of Georgiana Solomon
Georgiana Solomon (1844–1933) – Scottish-born educator and suffragist, co-founder of the South African Women's Federation
Lady Barbara Steel (1857–1943) – suffragist and member of the Women's Enfranchisement Association of the Union, helped acquire the vote for white women only in 1930
Amrit Kaur (1887–1964) – political activist and politician who testified before the Lothian Committee on universal Indian franchise and constitutional reforms
Sheroo Keeka (1921–2006) – campaigned for 'Votes for Married Women' and chair of the Dodoma branch of the Tanganyika Council of Women
Hannah Sen (1894–1957) – politician and co-founder of the Indo-British Mutual Welfare League, a women's organization that established a network of British and Indian suffragists also involved in educational projects
Herabai Tata (1879–1941) – argued before British government commissions that suffrage should be extended in India
Indonesia
Thung Sin Nio (1902–1996) – women's rights activist, physician, economist, politician
Iran
Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi (1858/59–1921) – Iranian writer, satirist, founder of the first school for girls in the modern history of Iran and a pioneering figure in the women's movement of Iran
Annie Basil (1911–1995) – Iranian-Indian activist for Armenian women
Táhirih (1817–1852) – also known as Fatimah Baraghani, renowned poet, removed her veil in public, "first woman suffrage martyr"
Fusae Ichikawa (1893–1981) – politician who founded the nation's first women's suffrage organization: the Women's Suffrage League of Japan, president of the New Japan Women's League
Geronima Pecson (1896–1989) – suffragist, educator and social worker who became the first woman senator of the Philippines in 1947
Rosa Sevilla (1879–1954) – activist, educator, and journalist
Sri Lanka
Drummond Shiels (1881–1953) – Scottish-born politician who supported the founding of the Women’s Franchise Union of Ceylon
Mary Rutnam – Canadian-born doctor, gynaecologist, and suffragist who emigrated and became a member of the Women’s Franchise Union of Sri Lanka and a co-founder of the All-Ceylon Women's Conference
Agnes de Silva (1885–1961) – secretary of the Women's Franchise Union of Ceylon then founder of the Women's Franchise Union of Sri Lanka
Syria
Thuraya Al-Hafez (1911–2000) – suffragist and politician who campaigned against the niqab and founded women's organisations
Nezihe Muhiddin (1889–1958) – suffragist and founder of the Turkish Women's People Party, which demanded suffrage for women, and the Turkish Women's Union
Karla Máchová (1853–1920) – women's rights activist who, in 1908, was among the first three women to run for the Bohemian Diet
Františka Plamínková (1875–1942) – founded the Committee for Women's Suffrage (Czech: Výbor pro volební právo ženy) in 1905 and served as a vice president of the International Council of Women, as well as the International Woman's Suffrage Alliance
Marie Tůmová (1866–1925) –– women's suffragist who, in 1908, was among the first three women to run for the Bohemian Diet
Kalliroi Parren (1861–1940) – journalist and founder of the Greek women's movement
Avra Theodoropoulou (1880–1963) – music critic, pianist, suffragist, women's rights activist, nurse
Lina Tsaldari (1887–1981) – suffragist and politician, president of the Greek Federation of Women's Unions and later the first female minister in Greece
Bríet Bjarnhéðinsdóttir (1856–1940) – founded Kvennablaðið, the first women's magazine in Iceland and, in 1907, the first suffrage organization in Iceland
Ingibjörg H. Bjarnason (1867–1941) – politician, suffragist, schoolteacher, gymnast and leader of Iceland’s Women’s Rights Association
Katrín Magnússon (1858–1932) – suffragist and promoter of women's education
Marguerite Thomas-Clement (1886–1979) – politician who spoke in favour of women's suffrage in public debates and who became the first woman to serve in Luxembourg's parliament
Ragna Nielsen (1845–1924) – chairperson of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights
Thekla Resvoll (1871–1948) – head of the Norwegian Female Student's Club and on the board of the women's suffrage movement (Kvinnestemmeretsforeningen)
Anna Rogstad (1854–1938) – vice president of the Association for Women's Suffrage and Norway’s first female Member of Parliament
Hedevig Rosing (1827–1913) – co-leader of the movement in Norway; author, educator, school founder
Poland
Elżbieta Ciechanowska (1875–1948) - women's rights and labour activist, musician and poet
Władysława Habicht (1867–1963) – suffragette, social activist, and part of the housing cooperative movement.
Portugal
Carolina Beatriz Ângelo (1878–1911) – physician, suffragist and a co-founder of the League of Republican Women which campaigned for women's emancipation and suffrage, became the first woman to vote in Portugal
Adelaide Cabete (1867–1935) – suffragist and a co-founder of the League of Republican Women
Elena Meissner (1867–1940) – suffragist and professor of law at the University of Bucharest who headed the Asociația de Emancipare Civilă și Politică a Femeii Române
Serbia
Draga Dejanović (1840–1871) – dubbed "the first Serbian suffragette"
Savka Subotić (1834–1918) – philanthropist and a leading feminist in the Serbian suffrage movement
Slovenia
Alojzija Štebi (1883 –1956) – suffragist, founder of the Feminist Alliance of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, editor of the journal Ženski pokret (Women’s movement), and writer of paper Demokratizem in ženstvo (Democracy and womanhood) which argued for women's suffrage
Spain
Concepción Arenal (1820–1893) – pioneer and founder of the feminist movement in Spain; activist, writer, journalist and lawyer
Emilia Pardo Bazán (1851–1921) – Spanish writer, journalist, university professor and support for women's rights and education
Carmen de Burgos (1867–1932) – Spanish journalist, writer, translator and women's rights activist
Clara Campoamor (1888–1972) – Spanish politician and feminist best known for her advocacy for women's rights and suffrage during the writing of the Spanish constitution of 1931
Mary Sophia Allen (1878–1964) – women's rights activist, pioneer policewoman, later involved in far-right political activity
Katharine Russell, Viscountess Amberley (1844–1874) – early advocate of birth control, president of the Bristol and West of England Women's Suffrage Society
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836–1917) – physician, feminist, first dean of a British medical school, first female mayor, and magistrate in Britain
Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873–1943) – Chief Surgeon of Women's Hospital Corps, Fellow of Royal Society of Medicine, jailed for her suffragist activities
Selina Cooper (1864–1946) – textile mill worker, local magistrate, member of the North of England Society for Women's Suffrage
Catherine Corbett (1869–1950) – British suffragette; jailed and went on hunger strike
Annie Coultate (1856–1931) – teacher and founder of the local WSPU branch in York
Ethel Cox (born 1888) – British suffragette who smashed windows at the house of the Home Secretary
Isabel Cowe (1867–1931) – Scottish suffragist who helped organise the 400-mile Scottish Suffrage March from Edinburgh to Downing Street, London to present a petition for women's enfranchisement
Annie Walker Craig (1864–1948) – British suffragette involved in rock-throwing and arson in England and Scotland
Jessie Craigen (c. 1835 – 1899) – working-class suffragist who gave speeches all around the country
Muriel Craigie (1889–1971) - Scottish suffragist, and war volunteer organiser
Virginia Mary Crawford (1862–1948) – Catholic suffragist, journalist and author, a founder of the Catholic Women's Suffrage Society
Lillian Dove-Willcox (1875–1963) – suffragette who was a member of Emmeline Pankhurst's personal bodyguard
Flora Drummond (1878–1949) – organiser for WSPU, imprisoned nine times for her activism in Women's Suffrage movement, inspiring orator nicknamed "the General"
Bessie Drysdale (1871–1950) – member of the WSPU National Executive Committee and writer for the short lived radical feminist magazine The Freewoman (1911–1913)
Louise Eates (1877–1944) - British suffragette, chair of Kensington Women's Social and Political Union and a women's education activist
Maude Edwards (fl. 1914) – suffragette who was force-fed in prison despite having a heart condition
Norah Elam (1878–1961) – prominent member of the WSPU; imprisoned three times
Elizabeth Clarke Wolstenholme Elmy (1833–1918) – public speaker and writer; formed the first British suffragist society, first paid employee of the British Women's Movement
Dorothy Evans (1888–1944) – activist and organiser, worked for WSPU in England and the north of Ireland; imprisoned several times
Helga Gill (1885–1928) – Norwegian-born British suffragist who spoke at meetings
Katie Edith Gliddon (1883–1967) – watercolour artist and militant suffragette
Frances Gordon (born c. 1874) – prominent in the militant wing of the Scottish women's suffrage movement; imprisoned and force-fed
Eva Gore-Booth (1870–1926) – member of the executive committee of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies and co-secretary of the Manchester and Salford Women's Trade Union Council
Gerald Gould (1885–1936) – writer, known as a journalist, reviewer, essayist, and poet; co-founder of United Suffragists
Hazel Hunkins Hallinan (1890–1982) – American women's rights activist, journalist, and suffragist who moved to Britain and was active in the movement there
Cicely Hamilton (1872–1952) – actress, writer, journalist, feminist
Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon (1857–1939) – author, philanthropist, and an advocate of woman's interests
Mary Dormer Harris (1867–1936) – suffragist, writer and organiser of local conferences in the Midlands
Jane Ellen Harrison (1850–1928) – linguist, feminist, co-founder of modern studies in Greek mythology, supporter of women's suffrage
Kate Harvey (1862–1946) – participated in the Women's Tax Resistance League and was jailed for her refusal to pay tax if she were not allowed the right to vote
Evelina Haverfield (1867–1920) – aid worker and nurse in WWI, member of the WSPU, arrested several times
Alice Hawkins (1863–1946) – suffragette jailed five times for militant action
Emily Hobhouse (1860–1926) – exposed the squalid conditions in concentration camps in South Africa during the Second Boer War; active in the People's Suffrage Federation
Olive Hockin (1881–1936) – artist and author; imprisoned after arson attacks suspected to be suffragette-related
Vera Holme (1881–1969) – actress, driver and chauffer for the Pankhursts'
Winifred Holtby (1898–1935) – feminist, socialist, and writer, including a new voters guide for women in 1929
Edith Sophia Hooper (1868–1926) – suffragist and biographer of Josephine Butler
Margaret Mackworth (1883–1958) – activist and director of more than thirty companies
Sarah Mair (1846–1941) – campaigner for women's education and suffrage
Lavinia Malcolm (1847–1920) – Scottish suffragist and local Liberal Movement politician, the first Scottish woman to be elected to a local council (1907) and the first woman Lord Provost of a Scottish burgh town, in Dollar, Clackmannanshire
Kate Manicom (1893–1937), British suffragette and trade unionist
Flora Masson (1856–1937) - nurse, suffragist, writer and editor
Elizabeth McCracken (1871–1944) – feminist writer (" L.A.M. Priestley"), Belfast WSPU militant, refused wartime political truce with the government.
Agnes Syme Macdonald (1882–1966) – Scottish suffragette who served as the secretary of the Edinburgh branch of the WSPU before setting up the Edinburgh Women Citizens Association (WCA) in 1918
Frances Melville (1873–1962) – suffragist, advocate for higher education for women in Scotland, and one of the first women to matriculate at the University of Edinburgh
Elizabeth Pease Nicholl (1807–1897) – abolitionist, anti-segregationist, suffragist, chartist and anti-vivisectionist
Helen Ogston (1882–1973) – Scottish suffragette known for interrupting David Lloyd George on 5 December 1908 at a meeting in the Royal Albert Hall and subsequently holding off the stewards with a dog whip
Emmeline Pankhurst (1858–1928) – a main founder and the leader of the British Suffragette Movement
Sylvia Pankhurst (1882–1960) – campaigner and anti-fascism activist
Frances Mary "Fanny" Parker OBE (1875–1924) – New Zealand-born suffragette prominent in the militant wing of the Scottish women's suffrage movement and repeatedly imprisoned for her actions
Grace Paterson (1843–1925) – school board member, temperance activist, suffragist, and founder of the Glasgow School of Cookery
Aileen Preston (1889–1974) – Emmeline Pankhurst's chauffeur and the first woman in history to qualify for the Automobile Association Certificate in Driving
Clara Rackham (1875–1966) – magistrate, prison reformer, factory inspector, long-serving alderman and city councillor in Cambridge
Jane Rae (1872–1959) – political activist, suffragette, councillor and Justice of the peace
Lolita Roy (born 1865) – believed to have been an important organizer of the Women's Coronation Procession (a suffrage march in London) in 1911, and marched as part of it with either her sisters or her daughters
Myra Sadd Brown (1872–1938) – suffragette activist in the WSPU, imprisoned and force-fed
Lavena Saltonstall (1881–1957) – suffragette, activist for the Women's Labour League and WSPU and writer of column "The Letters of a Tailoress" for the Halifax Guardian
Amy Sanderson (born c1875-6) – Scottish suffragette, imprisoned twice, executive member of WFL
Margaret Sandhurst (1828–1892) – one of the first women elected to a city council in the United Kingdom
Jessie Saxby (1842–1940) – author, folklorist and suffragette
Alice Schofield (1881–1975) – suffragette and politician who was the first woman councillor in Middlesbrough
Amelia Scott (1860–1952) – suffragette, established `the ‘Leisure Hour Club for Young Women in Business’ in Tunbridge Wells and participated in the suffrage ‘pilgrimage’ to London organised by the Kentish Federation of Women’s Suffrage Societies
Arabella Scott (1886–1980) – Scottish suffragette who endured five weeks of solitary confinement in Perth prison and force feeding twice a day
May Seaton-Tiedeman (1862–1948) – American-born campaigner in Britain for divorce law reform and suffragist
Frances Simson (1854–1938) – suffragist, campaigner for women's higher education and one of the first of eight women graduates from the University of Edinburgh
May Sinclair (1863–1946) – member of the Woman Writers' Suffrage League
Sophia Duleep Singh (1876–1948) – had leading roles in the Women's Tax Resistance League, and the WSPU
Ethel Snowden (1881–1951) – socialist, human rights activist, feminist politician
Jessie M. Soga (1870–1954) - Xhosa/Scottish contralto singer, music teacher and suffragist. She was described as the only black suffrage campaigner based in Scotland.
Isabella Tod (1836–1896) – Scottish suffragist, women's rights campaigner in the north of Ireland, helped women secure the municipal franchise in Belfast.
Alice Vickery (1844–1929) – doctor, the first British woman to qualify as a chemist and pharmacist and delegate to the Congress of the International Women’s Suffrage Alliance in Amsterdam in 1908
Marion Wallace Dunlop (1864–1942) – suffragette went on hunger strike after being arrested for militancy
Edith Splatt (1873?–1945) - dressmaker, journalist, councillor in Devon
Beatrice Webb (1858–1943) – sociologist, economist, socialist, labour historian, social reformer
Vera Wentworth (1890–1957) – went to Holloway for the cause and was force fed. She door stepped and then assaulted the Prime Minister twice. She wrote "Three Months in Holloway".
Rebecca West (1892–1983) – author, journalist, literary critic, travel writer
Mabel Walker (suffragist) (1902–1987) – American-Bahamian suffragist and co-founder of the Bahamian Women's Suffrage Movement
Barbados
Nellie Weekes (1896–1990) – campaigner for women's involvement in politics, who ran for office in 1942, before women were allowed to vote in the country
Bermuda
Gladys Morrell (1888–1969) – suffragette leader and secretary of the Bermuda Women's Suffrage Society
María Collado Romero (1885– c. 1968) – journalist, vice-president of the National Suffragist Party, then founder and president of the Democratic Suffragist Party of Cuba
Aída Peláez de Villa Urrutia (1895–1923) – writer, journalist and suffragist who published "Necesidad del voto para la mujer" (Necessity of the vote for women) in El Sufragista magazine
Pilar Jorge de Tella (1884–1967) – suffragist who presented petitions to the Cuban legislature and constitutional conventions demanding suffrage
Abigail Mejia (1895 –1941) – suffragist, educator and founder of Acción Feminista Dominicana (AFD)
El Salvador
Prudencia Ayala (1885–1936) – writer and suffragist who attempted to run as a candidate for the presidency of the Republic, even though the Salvadoranlegislation did not recognize women's right to vote
Rosa Amelia Guzmán (1922–2011) – journalist, suffragist, and co-founder of the Liga Femenina Salvadoreña (LFS) (Salvadoran Feminist League) whose 1950 speech to the Constituent Assembly was instrumental in women gaining the vote; later one of the first 3 women to gain a seat in the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador
Paca Navas (1883–1971) – journalist, feminist and suffragist, exiled for her political views
Alba Alonso de Quesada (1924–2020) – lawyer, academic and politician who submitted petitions to the legislature which granted partial suffrage and granted votes to women who could read and write
Margaret Iris Duley (1894–1968) – considered Newfoundland's first novelist, member of Women's Patriotic Association
Julia Salter Earle (1878–1945) – suffragist, trade unionist, one of the first three women to run for St. John's Municipal Council
Armine Nutting Gosling (1861–1942) – member of Women's Patriotic Association, suffragette, founder and first Secretary of the Ladies Reading Room and Current Events Club, first female member of the Council of Higher Education in Newfoundland
Fannie Knowling McNeil (1869–1928) – suffragist, social activist, member of the Newfoundland Women's Franchise League, and co-founder of the Newfoundland Society of Art, one of the first three women to run for St. John's Municipal Council
Janet Morison Miller (1891–1946) – first woman added to the rolls of the Newfoundland Law Society
Mary Southcott (1862–1943) – nurse, hospital administrator and campaigner
Clara González (1898–1990) – feminist, lawyer, judge, and activist
Gumercinda Páez (1904–1991) – teacher, women's rights activist and suffragette, and Constituent Assemblywoman of Panama
Puerto Rico
Isabel Andreu de Aguilar (1887–1948) – educator, helped establish the Puerto Rican Feminist League, was president of Puerto Rican Association of Women Suffragists, and first woman to run for Senate in PR
Rosario Bellber González (1881–1948) - educator, social worker, women's rights activist, suffragist, and philanthropist; president of the Social League of Suffragists of Puerto Rico (Spanish: La Liga Social Sufragista (LSS) de Puerto Rico)
Bertha C. Boschulte (1906–2004) – Secretary of the St. Thomas Teacher's Association, which sued for women's suffrage in the territory in 1935
Edith L. Williams (1887–1987) – first woman to attempt to register to vote in the US Virgin Islands
South America
Argentina
Cecilia Grierson (1859–1934) – the first woman physician in Argentina; supporter of women's emancipation, including suffrage
Julieta Lanteri (1873–1932) – physician, freethinker, and activist; the first woman to vote in Argentina
Alicia Moreau de Justo (1885–1986) – physician, politician, pacifist and human rights activist
Eva Perón (1919–1952) – First Lady of Argentina, created the first large female political party in the nation
Elvira Rawson de Dellepiane (1867–1954) – physician, activist for women's and children's rights; co-founder of the Association Pro-Derechos de la Mujer
Belize
Gwendolyn Lizarraga (1901–1975) – politician who, when only landowners were eligible as voters, supported women to obtain land grants from the Lands Department
Elfreda Reyes (1901–1992) – labor organizer, suffragette and member of the Women’s League
Brazil
Leolinda de Figueiredo Daltro (1859–1935) – teacher and indigenous' rights activist; co-founder of the Feminine Republican Party
Celina Guimarães Viana (1890–1972) – Brazilian professor and suffragist; first woman to vote in Brazil
Ivone Guimarães (1908–1999) – Brazilian professor and activist for women's suffrage
Carlota Pereira de Queirós (1892–1982) – the first woman to vote and be elected to the Brazilian parliament
Marie Rennotte (1852–1942) – Native Belgian, naturalized Brazilian teacher and lawyer who founded the Aliança Paulista pelo Sufrágio Feminino with Carrie Chapman Catt's help
Miêtta Santiago (1903–1995) – Brazilian writer, poet, and lawyer; challenged the constitutionality of the ban on women voting in Brazil
Maria Werneck de Castro (1909–1993) – lawyer, militant communist, feminist, and supporter of women's suffrage
Lucila Rubio de Laverde (1908–1970) – co-founder of the suffrage organizations, Unión Femenina de Colombia (Women's Union of Colombia) (UFC) and the Alianza Femenina de Colombia (Women's Alliance of Colombia)
María Currea Manrique (1890–1985) – co-founder of the suffrage organizations, Unión Femenina de Colombia (Women's Union of Colombia) (UFC) and the Alianza Femenina de Colombia (Women's Alliance of Colombia)
Matilde Hidalgo (1889–1974) – physician, poet, and activist who was the first woman in Latin America to exercise her constitutional right to vote in a national election
Lassalle, Beatriz (September 1949). "Biografía de Rosario Bellber González Por la Profesora Beatriz Lassalle". Revista, Volume 8, Issue 5 (in Spanish). La Asociación de Maestros de Puerto Rico. pp. 149, 158.
Asenjo, Conrado, ed. (1942). "Quién es Quién en Puerto Rico". Diccionario Biográfico De Record Personal (in Spanish) (Third edition 1941-42 ed.). San Juan, Puerto Rico: Cantero Fernández & Co. p. 33.
Krüger Torres, Lola (1975). Enciclopedia Grandes Mujeres de Puerto Rico, Vol. IV (in Spanish). Hato Rey, Puerto Rico: Ramallo Bros. Printing, Inc. pp. 273–274.
.jpg)
.svg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
