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Wonga pigeon
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Columbiformes
Family:	Columbidae
Genus:	Leucosarcia Gould, 1843
Species:	L. melanoleuca
Binomial name
Leucosarcia melanoleuca (Latham, 1801)
Synonyms
Leucosarcia picata

The wonga pigeon or wonga wonga (Leucosarcia melanoleuca) is a pigeon that inhabits areas in eastern Australia with its range being from Central Queensland to Gippsland, eastern Victoria, Australia.

Distribution and habitat

Previously they could be found as far north as Cairns and as far south as the Dandenongs, but due to land clearance, shootings in the 1940s for crop protection, and fox predation, they are rarely seen in these areas, but their populations have improved.

Description

The wonga pigeon is a large, plump pigeon that has a short neck, broad wings, and a long tail. Its length varies from 38 to 40 centimetres (15.2 to 16 inches). It has pastel blue-grey back feathers. The head fades to a creamy-white colour. The underside is white with dotted dark grey spots such that a white V can be seen on its chest. Their eyes are a dark red-brown colour and they have pink eye-rings that encircle them. Legs are red and the sexes appear identical but immature pigeons are browner with a less distinct V pattern.

Diet and behaviour

They are very elusive birds, more often being heard but not seen, producing explosive wing claps when disturbed. They tend to occur on the ground foraging and are located in rainforests, wet eucalypt forests, coastal forests, picnic areas, walking tracks, car parks and gardens. Their diet consists of fruit, berries, seeds from native forest trees and the odd insect.

Call

The call of the wonga pigeon is a loud, high-pitched 'coo' repeated over long periods of time for a number of seconds. When males are displaying mating, bowing occurs with a soft, trilling coo.

Breeding

The wonga pigeon is monogamous and breeds between October and January. It builds a twig platform nest with a diameter of about 30 centimetres, from about 3 to 20 metres above the ground, defended by breeding pairs. The pigeon will sometimes use abandoned nests from topknot pigeons or tawny frogmouths. Two eggs up to 4 centimetres long are normally laid.

References

1. BirdLife International (2016). "Leucosarcia melanoleuca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22690727A93285451. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22690727A93285451.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
2. "Leucosarcia melanoleuca". Avibase.
3. "Wonga Pigeon". Xeno Canto. Retrieved 6 November 2018.

• The Wonga Pigeon: Breed Guide - Pigeonpedia

v t e Genera of pigeons, sandgrouse, mesites and their extinct allies
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Aves Clade: Neoaves Clade: Columbimorphae
Pteroclimesites Mesitornithiformes Mesitornithidae Mesitornis Monias Pterocliformes Pteroclidae †Archaeoganga †Gerandia †Leptoganga †Linxiavis Pterocles Syrrhaptes
Columbiformes Colombidae incertae sedis †Arenicolumba †Bountyphaps †Dysmoropelia †Lithophaps †Microena †Primophaps †Rupephaps Columbinae Zenaidini Geotrygon Leptotila Leptotrygon Starnoenas Zenaida Zentrygon Columbini Columba †Ectopistes Macropygia Nesoenas Patagioenas Reinwardtoena Spilopelia Streptopelia Turacoena Claravinae Claravis Columbina Metriopelia Paraclaravis Uropelia Raphinae Phabini Gallicolumba Geopelia Geophaps Henicophaps Leucosarcia Ocyphaps Pampusana Petrophassa Phaps Raphini Caloenas †Deliaphaps Didunculus Goura †Microgoura †Natunaornis Otidiphaps †Pezophaps †Raphus Trugon Turturini Alectroenas Chalcophaps Oena Phapitreron Turtur Treronini Treron Ptilinopini Cryptophaps Drepanoptila Ducula Gymnophaps Hemiphaga Lopholaimus Ptilinopus †Tongoenas

• IUCN Red List least concern species
• Columbinae
• Birds of Queensland
• Birds of New South Wales
• Birds of Victoria (state)
• Endemic birds of Australia
• Birds described in 1801